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Chen R, Craven GT. The effect of temperature oscillations on energy storage rectification in harmonic systems. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:405201. [PMID: 38988144 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad5d40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Rectification, the preferential transport of a current in one direction through a system, has garnered significant attention in molecules because of its importance for controlling thermal and electronic currents at the nanoscale. Here, we report the presence of energy storage rectification effects in a molecular chain. This phenomenon is generated by subjecting a harmonic molecular chain to an oscillating temperature gradient and showing that the energy absorption rate of the system depends on the direction of the gradient. We examine how the energy storage rectification ratios in the chain are affected by the oscillating gradient, asymmetry in the chain, and the system parameters. We find that energy storage rectification can be observed in harmonic lattice structures with time-dependent temperatures and that, correspondingly, anharmonicity is not required to generate this rectification mechanism in such systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renai Chen
- Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States of America
| | - Galen T Craven
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States of America
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Chen R, Gibson T, Craven GT. Molecular heat transport across a time-periodic temperature gradient. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:194305. [PMID: 38767255 DOI: 10.1063/5.0204819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The time-periodic modulation of a temperature gradient can alter the heat transport properties of a physical system. Oscillating thermal gradients give rise to behaviors such as modified thermal conductivity and controllable time-delayed energy storage that are not present in a system with static temperatures. Here, we examine how the heat transport properties of a molecular lattice model are affected by an oscillating temperature gradient. We use analytical analysis and molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the vibrational heat flow in a molecular lattice system consisting of a chain of particles connected to two heat baths at different temperatures, where the temperature difference between baths is oscillating in time. We derive expressions for heat currents in this system using a stochastic energetics framework and a nonequilibrium Green's function approach that is modified to treat the nonstationary average energy fluxes. We find that emergent energy storage, energy release, and thermal conductance mechanisms induced by the temperature oscillations can be controlled by varying the frequency, waveform, and amplitude of the oscillating gradient. The developed theoretical approach provides a general framework to describe how vibrational heat transmission through a molecular lattice is affected by temperature gradient oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renai Chen
- Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Tammie Gibson
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Galen T Craven
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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Defaveri L, Almeida AAA, Anteneodo C. Approaching the perfect diode limit through a nonlinear interface. Phys Rev E 2023; 108:044126. [PMID: 37978639 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.044126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
We consider a system formed by two different segments of particles, coupled to thermal baths, one at each end, modeled by Langevin thermostats. The particles in each segment interact harmonically and are subject to an on-site potential for which three different types are considered, namely, harmonic, ϕ^{4}, and Frenkel-Kontorova. The two segments are nonlinearly coupled, between interfacial particles, by means of a power-law potential with exponent μ, which we vary, scanning from subharmonic to superharmonic potentials, up to the infinite-square-well limit (μ→∞). Thermal rectification is investigated by integrating the equations of motion and computing the heat fluxes. As a measure of rectification, we use the difference of the currents, resulting from the interchange of the baths, divided by their average (all quantities taken in absolute value). We find that rectification can be optimized by a given value of μ that depends on the bath temperatures and details of the chains. But, regardless of the type of on-site potential considered, the interfacial potential that produces maximal rectification approaches the infinite square well (μ→∞) when reducing the average temperature of the baths. Our analysis of thermal rectification focuses on this regime, for which we complement numerical results with heuristic considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Celia Anteneodo
- Department of Physics, PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, 22453-900 RJ, Brazil
- Institute of Science and Technology for Complex Systems, INCT-CS, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Navarro J, Muga JG, Pons M. Heat rectification, heat fluxes, and spectral matching. Phys Rev E 2023; 107:064124. [PMID: 37464692 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.107.064124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Heat rectifiers would facilitate energy management operations such as cooling or energy harvesting, but devices of practical interest are still missing. Understanding heat rectification at a fundamental level is key to helping us find or design such devices. The match or mismatch of the phonon band spectrum of device segments for forward or reverse temperature bias of the thermal baths at device boundaries was proposed as the mechanism behind rectification. However, no explicit theoretical relation derived from first principles had been found so far between heat fluxes and spectral matching. We study heat rectification in a minimalistic chain of two coupled ions. The fluxes and rectification can be calculated analytically. We propose a definition of the matching that sets an upper bound for the heat flux. In a regime where the device rectifies optimally, matching and flux ratios for forward and reverse configurations are found to be proportional. The results can be extended to a system of N particles in arbitrary traps with nearest-neighbor linear interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Navarro
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apdo 644, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Juan Gonzalo Muga
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apdo 644, Bilbao, Spain and EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Marisa Pons
- Department of Applied Physics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48013 Bilbao, Spain and EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
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Liu YQ, Yang YJ, Yu CS. Quantum heat diode versus light emission in circuit quantum electrodynamical system. Phys Rev E 2023; 107:044121. [PMID: 37198796 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.107.044121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Precisely controlling heat transfer in a quantum mechanical system is particularly significant for designing quantum thermodynamical devices. With the technology of experiment advances, circuit quantum electrodynamics (circuit QED) has become a promising system due to controllable light-matter interactions as well as flexible coupling strengths. In this paper, we design a thermal diode in terms of the two-photon Rabi model of the circuit QED system. We find that the thermal diode can not only be realized in the resonant coupling but also achieve better performance, especially for the detuned qubit-photon ultrastrong coupling. We also study the photonic detection rates and their nonreciprocity, which indicate similar behaviors with the nonreciprocal heat transport. This provides the potential to understand thermal diode behavior from the quantum optical perspective and could shed new insight into the relevant research on thermodynamical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qiang Liu
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yi-Jia Yang
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Chang-Shui Yu
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- DUT-BSU Joint Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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Upadhyay V, Naseem MT, Marathe R, Müstecaplıoğlu ÖE. Heat rectification by two qubits coupled with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:054137. [PMID: 34942835 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.054137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We investigate heat rectification in a two-qubit system coupled via the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction. We derive analytical expressions for heat currents and thermal rectification and provide possible physical mechanisms behind the observed results. We show that the anisotropy of DM interaction in itself is insufficient for heat rectification, and some other form of asymmetry is needed. We employ off-resonant qubits as the source of this asymmetry. We find the regime of parameters for higher rectification factors by examining the analytical expressions of rectification obtained from a global master equation solution. In addition, it is shown that the direction and quality of rectification can be controlled via various system parameters. Furthermore, we compare the influence of different orientations of the DM field anisotropy on the performance of heat rectification. Finally, we investigate the possible interplay between quantum correlations and the performance of the quantum thermal rectifier. We find that asymmetry in the coherences is a fundamental resource for the performance of the quantum thermal rectifier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipul Upadhyay
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas 110 016, India
| | - M Tahir Naseem
- Department of Physics, Koç University, 34450 Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rahul Marathe
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas 110 016, India
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Defaveri L, Anteneodo C. Analytical results for a minimalist thermal diode. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:014106. [PMID: 34412349 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.014106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We consider a system consisting of two interacting classical particles, each one subject to an on-site potential and to a Langevin thermal bath. We analytically calculate the heat current that can be established through the system when the bath temperatures are different, for weak nonlinear forces. We explore the conditions under which the diode effect emerges when inverting the temperature difference. Despite the simplicity of this two-particle diode, an intricate dependence on the system parameters is put in evidence. Moreover, behaviors reported for long chains of particles can be extracted, for instance, the dependence of the flux with the interfacial stiffness and type of forces present, as well as the dependencies on the temperature required for rectification. These analytical results can be a tool to foresee the distinct role that diverse types of nonlinearity and asymmetry play in thermal conduction and rectification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucianno Defaveri
- Department of Physics, PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, 22453-900 RJ, Brazil
| | - Celia Anteneodo
- Department of Physics, PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, 22453-900 RJ, Brazil.,Institute of Science and Technology for Complex Systems, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Falcão PRN, Lyra ML. Asymmetric acoustic wave scattering by a nonreciprocal and position-dependent mass defect. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:325402. [PMID: 34044370 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac05e6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the asymmetric wave scattering in a phononic one-dimensional lattice with a nonreciprocal defect and position dependent masses coupled by the defect spring. The nonreciprocal interaction is characterized by a single parameter Δ while the nonlinear contribution due to position-dependent masses are controlled by a parameterχ. The transmission and reflection coefficients are analytically computed and the effects of the nonreciprocity and nonlinearity are detailed. We show that, in opposite with the linear case, the rectification factor has a frequency dependence, which leads to a more efficient diode-like action at large wavevectors. Further, the nonlinearity leads to an asymmetry of the reflected component, absent in the linear regime. We extend our analysis to a system with frictional forces which suppresses the multistability window promoted by the nonlinear mass contribution without compromising the rectification action.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R N Falcão
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 57072-900, Maceió-AL, Brazil
| | - M L Lyra
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 57072-900, Maceió-AL, Brazil
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Kalantar N, Agarwalla BK, Segal D. Harmonic chains and the thermal diode effect. Phys Rev E 2021; 103:052130. [PMID: 34134267 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.052130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Harmonic oscillator chains connecting two harmonic reservoirs at different constant temperatures cannot act as thermal diodes, irrespective of structural asymmetry. However, here we prove that perfectly harmonic junctions can rectify heat once the reservoirs (described by white Langevin noise) are placed under temperature gradients, which are asymmetric at the two sides, an effect that we term "temperature-gradient harmonic oscillator diodes." This nonlinear diode effect results from the additional constraint-the imposed thermal gradient at the boundaries. We demonstrate the rectification behavior based on the exact analytical formulation of steady-state heat transport in harmonic systems coupled to Langevin baths, which can describe quantum and classical transport, both regimes realizing the diode effect under the involved boundary conditions. Our study shows that asymmetric harmonic systems, such as room-temperature hydrocarbon molecules with varying side groups and end groups, or a linear lattice of trapped ions may rectify heat by going beyond simple boundary conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na'im Kalantar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3H6
| | - Bijay Kumar Agarwalla
- Department of Physics, Doctor Homi Bhabha Road, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411008, India
| | - Dvira Segal
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3H6 and Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A7
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