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Maity A, Singh S, Mehta S, Youngs TGA, Bahadur J, Polshettiwar V. Insights into the CO 2 Capture Characteristics within the Hierarchical Pores of Carbon Nanospheres Using Small-Angle Neutron Scattering. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:4382-4393. [PMID: 36920854 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding adsorption processes at the molecular level has transformed the discovery of engineered materials for maximizing gas storage capacity and kinetics in adsorption-based carbon capture applications. In this work, we studied the molecular mechanism of gas (CO2, H2, methane, and ethane) adsorption inside an interconnected porous network of carbon. This was achieved by synthesizing novel macro-meso-microporous carbon (M3C) nanospheres with interconnected pore structures. The M3Cs showed a CO2 capture capacity of 5.3 mmol/g at atmospheric CO2 pressure, with excellent kinetics. This was due to fast CO2 adsorption within the interconnected hierarchical macro-meso-microporous M3C. In situ small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) under various CO2 pressures indicated that the macro- and mesopores of M3C enable fast diffusion of CO2 molecules inside the micropores, where adsorbed CO2 molecules densify into a liquid-like state. This strong densification of CO2 molecules causes fast CO2 diffusion in the macro- and mesopores of M3C, restarting the adsorption cycle for fresh CO2 molecules until all pores are completely filled. Notably, M3C also showed good capture capacities for hydrogen and various hydrocarbons, with excellent selectivity toward ethane over methane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Maity
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Saideep Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Swati Mehta
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Tristan G A Youngs
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - Jitendra Bahadur
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Vivek Polshettiwar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India
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Kamrava S, Mirzaee H. End-to-end three-dimensional designing of complex disordered materials from limited data using machine learning. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:055301. [PMID: 36559380 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.055301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Precise 3D representation of complex materials, here the lithium-ion batteries, is a critical step toward designing optimized energy storage systems. One requires obtaining several such samples for a more accurate evaluation of uncertainty and variability, which in turn can be costly and time demanding. Using 3D models is crucial when it comes to evaluating the transport and heat capacity of batteries. Further, such models represent the microstructures more precisely where connectivity and heterogeneity can be detected. However, 3D images are hard to access, and the available images are often collected in two dimensions (2D). Such 2D images, on the other hand, are more accessible and often have higher resolution. In this paper, a deep learning method has been applied to take advantage of 2D images and build 3D models of heterogeneous materials through which more accurate characterization and physical evaluations can be achieved. While being trained using only 2D images, the proposed framework can be utilized to generate 3D images. The proposed method is applied to a few realistic 3D images of lithium-ion battery electrodes. The results indicate that the implemented method can reproduce important structural properties while the flow and heat properties are within an acceptable range.
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Amchin DB, Ott JA, Bhattacharjee T, Datta SS. Influence of confinement on the spreading of bacterial populations. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1010063. [PMID: 35533196 PMCID: PMC9119553 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The spreading of bacterial populations is central to processes in agriculture, the environment, and medicine. However, existing models of spreading typically focus on cells in unconfined settings—despite the fact that many bacteria inhabit complex and crowded environments, such as soils, sediments, and biological tissues/gels, in which solid obstacles confine the cells and thereby strongly regulate population spreading. Here, we develop an extended version of the classic Keller-Segel model of bacterial spreading via motility that also incorporates cellular growth and division, and explicitly considers the influence of confinement in promoting both cell-solid and cell-cell collisions. Numerical simulations of this extended model demonstrate how confinement fundamentally alters the dynamics and morphology of spreading bacterial populations, in good agreement with recent experimental results. In particular, with increasing confinement, we find that cell-cell collisions increasingly hinder the initial formation and the long-time propagation speed of chemotactic pulses. Moreover, also with increasing confinement, we find that cellular growth and division plays an increasingly dominant role in driving population spreading—eventually leading to a transition from chemotactic spreading to growth-driven spreading via a slower, jammed front. This work thus provides a theoretical foundation for further investigations of the influence of confinement on bacterial spreading. More broadly, these results help to provide a framework to predict and control the dynamics of bacterial populations in complex and crowded environments. The spreading of bacteria through their environments critically impacts our everyday lives; it can be harmful, underlying the progression of infections and spoilage of foods, or can be beneficial, enabling the delivery of therapeutics, sustaining plant growth, and remediating polluted terrain. In all these cases, bacteria typically inhabit crowded environments, such as soils, sediments, and biological tissues/gels, in which solid obstacles confine the cells and regulate their spreading. However, existing models of spreading typically focus on cells in unconfined settings, and thus are frequently not applicable to cells in more complex environments. Here, we address this gap in knowledge by extending the classic Keller-Segel model of bacterial spreading via motility to also incorporate cellular growth and division, and explicitly consider the influence of confinement. Through numerical simulations of this extended model, we show how confinement fundamentally alters the dynamics and morphology of spreading bacterial populations—in particular, driving a transition from chemotactic spreading of motile cells to growth-driven spreading via a slower, jammed front. These results provide a foundation for further investigations of the influence of confinement on bacterial spreading, both by yielding testable predictions for future experiments, and by providing guidelines to predict and control the dynamics of bacterial populations in complex and crowded environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B. Amchin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Jenna A. Ott
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Tapomoy Bhattacharjee
- Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Sujit S. Datta
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Basu B, Gowtham N, Xiao Y, Kalidindi SR, Leong KW. Biomaterialomics: Data science-driven pathways to develop fourth-generation biomaterials. Acta Biomater 2022; 143:1-25. [PMID: 35202854 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Conventional approaches to developing biomaterials and implants require intuitive tailoring of manufacturing protocols and biocompatibility assessment. This leads to longer development cycles, and high costs. To meet existing and unmet clinical needs, it is critical to accelerate the production of implantable biomaterials, implants and biomedical devices. Building on the Materials Genome Initiative, we define the concept 'biomaterialomics' as the integration of multi-omics data and high-dimensional analysis with artificial intelligence (AI) tools throughout the entire pipeline of biomaterials development. The Data Science-driven approach is envisioned to bring together on a single platform, the computational tools, databases, experimental methods, machine learning, and advanced manufacturing (e.g., 3D printing) to develop the fourth-generation biomaterials and implants, whose clinical performance will be predicted using 'digital twins'. While analysing the key elements of the concept of 'biomaterialomics', significant emphasis has been put forward to effectively utilize high-throughput biocompatibility data together with multiscale physics-based models, E-platform/online databases of clinical studies, data science approaches, including metadata management, AI/ Machine Learning (ML) algorithms and uncertainty predictions. Such integrated formulation will allow one to adopt cross-disciplinary approaches to establish processing-structure-property (PSP) linkages. A few published studies from the lead author's research group serve as representative examples to illustrate the formulation and relevance of the 'Biomaterialomics' approaches for three emerging research themes, i.e. patient-specific implants, additive manufacturing, and bioelectronic medicine. The increased adaptability of AI/ML tools in biomaterials science along with the training of the next generation researchers in data science are strongly recommended. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This leading opinion review paper emphasizes the need to integrate the concepts and algorithms of the data science with biomaterials science. Also, this paper emphasizes the need to establish a mathematically rigorous cross-disciplinary framework that will allow a systematic quantitative exploration and curation of critical biomaterials knowledge needed to drive objectively the innovation efforts within a suitable uncertainty quantification framework, as embodied in 'biomaterialomics' concept, which integrates multi-omics data and high-dimensional analysis with artificial intelligence (AI) tools, like machine learning. The formulation of this approach has been demonstrated for patient-specific implants, additive manufacturing, and bioelectronic medicine.
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Irani E, Mokhtari Z, Zippelius A. Dynamics of Bacteria Scanning a Porous Environment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:144501. [PMID: 35476466 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.144501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It has recently been reported that bacteria, such as Escherichia coli Bhattacharjee and Datta, Nat. Commun. 10, 2075 (2019).NCAOBW2041-172310.1038/s41467-019-10115-1 and Pseudomonas putida Alirezaeizanjani et al., Sci. Adv. 6, eaaz6153 (2020).SACDAF2375-254810.1126/sciadv.aaz6153, perform distinct modes of motion when placed in porous media as compared to dilute regions or free space. This has led us to suggest an efficient strategy for active particles in a disordered environment: reorientations are suppressed in locally dilute regions and intensified in locally dense ones. Thereby the local geometry determines the optimal path of the active agent and substantially accelerates the dynamics for up to 2 orders of magnitude. We observe a nonmonotonic behavior of the diffusion coefficient in dependence on the tumbling rate and identify a localization transition, either by increasing the density of obstacles or by decreasing the reorientation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Irani
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), The Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Zahra Mokhtari
- Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Institute of Mathematics, Arnimallee 9, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Zippelius
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Bhattacharjee T, Amchin DB, Alert R, Ott JA, Datta SS. Chemotactic smoothing of collective migration. eLife 2022; 11:71226. [PMID: 35257660 PMCID: PMC8903832 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Collective migration—the directed, coordinated motion of many self-propelled agents—is a fascinating emergent behavior exhibited by active matter with functional implications for biological systems. However, how migration can persist when a population is confronted with perturbations is poorly understood. Here, we address this gap in knowledge through studies of bacteria that migrate via directed motion, or chemotaxis, in response to a self-generated nutrient gradient. We find that bacterial populations autonomously smooth out large-scale perturbations in their overall morphology, enabling the cells to continue to migrate together. This smoothing process arises from spatial variations in the ability of cells to sense and respond to the local nutrient gradient—revealing a population-scale consequence of the manner in which individual cells transduce external signals. Altogether, our work provides insights to predict, and potentially control, the collective migration and morphology of cellular populations and diverse other forms of active matter. Flocks of birds, schools of fish and herds of animals are all good examples of collective migration, where individuals co-ordinate their behavior to improve survival. This process also happens on a cellular level; for example, when bacteria consume a nutrient in their surroundings, they will collectively move to an area with a higher concentration of food via a process known as chemotaxis. Several studies have examined how disturbing collective migration can cause populations to fall apart. However, little is known about how groups withstand these interferences. To investigate, Bhattacharjee, Amchin, Alert et al. studied bacteria called Escherichia coli as they moved through a gel towards nutrients. The E. coli were injected into the gel using a three-dimensional printer, which deposited the bacteria into a wiggly shape that forces the cells apart, making it harder for them to move as a collective group. However, as the bacteria migrated through the gel, they smoothed out the line and gradually made it straighter so they could continue to travel together over longer distances. Computer simulations revealed that this smoothing process is achieved by differences in how the cells respond to local nutrient levels based on their position. Bacteria towards the front of the group are exposed to more nutrients, causing them to become oversaturated and respond less effectively to the nutrient gradient. As a result, they move more slowly, allowing the cells behind them to eventually catch-up. These findings reveal a general mechanism in which limitations in how individuals sense and respond to an external signal (in this case local nutrient concentrations) allows them to continue migrating together. This mechanism may apply to other systems that migrate via chemotaxis, as well as groups whose movement is directed by different external factors, such as temperature and light intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapomoy Bhattacharjee
- The Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, United States
| | - Daniel B Amchin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, United States
| | - Ricard Alert
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, United States.,Princeton Center for Theoretical Science, Princeton University, Princeton, United States
| | - Jenna Anne Ott
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, United States
| | - Sujit Sankar Datta
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, United States
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Alcázar-Cano N, Delgado-Buscalioni R. Hydrodynamics induce superdiffusive jumps of passive tracers along critical paths of random networks and colloidal gels. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:1941-1954. [PMID: 35191454 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01713f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present a numerical study on the effect of hydrodynamic interactions (HI) on the diffusion of inert point tracer particles in several fixed random structures. As expected, the diffusion is hampered by the extra hydrodynamic friction introduced by the obstacle network. However, a non-trivial effect due to HI appears in the analysis of the van-Hove displacement probability close to the percolation threshold, where tracers diffuse through critical fractal paths. We show that the tracer dynamics can be split up into short and long jumps, the latter being ruled by either exponential or Gaussian van Hove distribution tails. While at short time HI slow down the tracer diffusion, at long times, hydrodynamic interactions with the obstacles increase the probability of longer jumps, which circumvent the traps of the labyrinth more easily. Notably, the relation between the anomalous diffusion exponent and the fractal dimension of the critical (intricate) paths is greater than one, which implies that the long-time (long-jump) diffusion is mildly superdiffuse. A possible reason for such a hastening of the diffusion along the network corridors is the hydrodynamically induced mobility anisotropy, which favours displacements parallel to the walls, an effect which has already been experimentally observed in collagen gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Alcázar-Cano
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rafael Delgado-Buscalioni
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Madrid, Spain.
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A Pore Network Approach to Study Throat Size Effect on the Permeability of Reconstructed Porous Media. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Permeability is usually considered to be related to porosity. However, rocks with the same porosity may have different permeabilities in some cases, because of the variations in pore and throat size and pore space connectivity. It is vitally important to understand the effect of throat size on the transport property. In this work, five sets of regular pore network models and six core-based models are employed to study the effect of throat size on permeability. Four kinds of random distributions, i.e., uniform, normal, Weibull, and log normal, are utilized to generate random pore size. Pore coordination number is set to be two and six for the verification of the effect of connectivity on permeability. Then, single-phase flow simulation is conducted based on the constructed pore network models. The simulation results show that permeability decreases significantly when only one of the nine throats reduces to half size in terms of diameter. The influence of pore coordination number on permeability is not obvious compared to that of small throat size. This study indicates that small throats play an extremely important role in determining permeability.
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Kurzthaler C, Mandal S, Bhattacharjee T, Löwen H, Datta SS, Stone HA. A geometric criterion for the optimal spreading of active polymers in porous media. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7088. [PMID: 34873164 PMCID: PMC8648790 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26942-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient navigation through disordered, porous environments poses a major challenge for swimming microorganisms and future synthetic cargo-carriers. We perform Brownian dynamics simulations of active stiff polymers undergoing run-reverse dynamics, and so mimic bacterial swimming, in porous media. In accord with experiments of Escherichia coli, the polymer dynamics are characterized by trapping phases interrupted by directed hopping motion through the pores. Our findings show that the spreading of active agents in porous media can be optimized by tuning their run lengths, which we rationalize using a coarse-grained model. More significantly, we discover a geometric criterion for the optimal spreading, which emerges when their run lengths are comparable to the longest straight path available in the porous medium. Our criterion unifies results for porous media with disparate pore sizes and shapes and for run-and-tumble polymers. It thus provides a fundamental principle for optimal transport of active agents in densely-packed biological and environmental settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Kurzthaler
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
| | - Suvendu Mandal
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
- Institut für Physik der kondensierten Materie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Tapomoy Bhattacharjee
- The Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - Hartmut Löwen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sujit S Datta
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Howard A Stone
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
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Prediction of Pore Volume Dispersion and Microstructural Characteristics of Concrete Using Image Processing Technique. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11121476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Concrete has served an essential role in many infrastructural projects. Factors including pore percentage, pore distribution, and cracking affect concrete durability. This research aims to better understand pore size distribution in cement-based materials. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) pictures were utilised to characterise the interior structure of specimens without destroying them. The pore dispersion of the specimens was displayed in 3D, utilising the data and imaging techniques collected, and the pore volume dispersion was examined using a volume-based approach. Another way to describe heterogeneous pore features is the chord-length distribution, which was calculated from three-dimensional micro-CT scans and correlated with the traditional method. The collected specimens were subjected to physical and mechanical testing. In addition, image processing techniques were used to conduct the studies. The results showed that the chord-length distribution-based pore size distribution is very successful than the traditional volume-based technique. The acquired data could be used for research and to forecast the characteristics of the materials.
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11
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Skolnick M, Torquato S. Understanding degeneracy of two-point correlation functions via Debye random media. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:045306. [PMID: 34781573 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.045306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that the degeneracy of two-phase microstructures with the same volume fraction and two-point correlation function S_{2}(r) is generally infinite. To elucidate the degeneracy problem explicitly, we examine Debye random media, which are entirely defined by a purely exponentially decaying two-point correlation function S_{2}(r). In this work, we consider three different classes of Debye random media. First, we generate the "most probable" class using the Yeong-Torquato construction algorithm [Yeong and Torquato, Phys. Rev. E 57, 495 (1998)1063-651X10.1103/PhysRevE.57.495]. A second class of Debye random media is obtained by demonstrating that the corresponding two-point correlation functions are effectively realized in the first three space dimensions by certain models of overlapping, polydisperse spheres. A third class is obtained by using the Yeong-Torquato algorithm to construct Debye random media that are constrained to have an unusual prescribed pore-size probability density function. We structurally discriminate these three classes of Debye random media from one another by ascertaining their other statistical descriptors, including the pore-size, surface correlation, chord-length probability density, and lineal-path functions. We also compare and contrast the percolation thresholds as well as the diffusion and fluid transport properties of these degenerate Debye random media. We find that these three classes of Debye random media are generally distinguished by the aforementioned descriptors, and their microstructures are also visually distinct from one another. Our work further confirms the well-known fact that scattering information is insufficient to determine the effective physical properties of two-phase media. Additionally, our findings demonstrate the importance of the other two-point descriptors considered here in the design of materials with a spectrum of physical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murray Skolnick
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Salvatore Torquato
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics, Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, and Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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Study on the Influence of Geometric Characteristics of Grain Membranes on Permeability Properties in Porous Sandstone. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11080587. [PMID: 34436350 PMCID: PMC8401558 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11080587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Studying the influence of grain characteristics on fluid flow in complex porous rock is one of the most important premises to reveal the permeability mechanism. Previous studies have mainly investigated the fluid flow laws in complex rock structures using an uncontrollable one single parameter of natural rock models or oversimplified control group models. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes a novel method to reconstruct models that can independently control one single parameter of rock grain membranes based on mapping and reverse-mapping ideas. The lattice Boltzmann method is used to analyze the influence of grain parameters (grain radius, space, roundness, orientation, and model resolution) on the permeability characteristics (porosity, connectivity, permeability, flow path, and flow velocity). Results show that the grain radius and space have highly positive and negative correlations with permeability properties. The effect of grain roundness and resolution on permeability properties shows a strong regularity, while grain orientation on permeability properties shows strong randomness. This study is of great significance to reveal the fluid flow laws of natural rock structures.
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The use of X-ray microtomography to investigate the microstructure of pharmaceutical tablets: Potentials and comparison to common physical methods. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS-X 2021; 3:100090. [PMID: 34377974 PMCID: PMC8327351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2021.100090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Within this study, tablets microstructure was investigated by X-ray microtomgraphy. The aim was to gain information about their microstructure, and thus, derive deeper interpretation of tablet properties (mechanical strength, component distribution) and qualified property functions. Challenges in image processing are discussed for the correct identification of solids and voids. Furthermore, XMT measurements are critically compared with complementary physical methods for characterizing active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) content and porosity and its distribution (mercury porosimetry, calculated tablet porosity, Focused Ion Beam-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB-SEM)). The derived porosity by XMT is generally lower than the calculated porosity based on geometrical data due to the resolution of the XMT in relation to the pore sizes in tablets. With rising compactions stress and API concentration, deviations between the actual and the calculated API decrease. XMT showed that API clusters are present for all tablets containing >1 wt% of ibuprofen. The 3D orientation of the components is assessable by deriving cord lengths along all dimensions of the tablets. An increasing compaction stress leads to rising cord lengths, showing higher connectivity of the respective material. Its lesser extent in the z-direction illustrates the anisotropy of the compaction process. Additionally, cracks in the fabric are identified in tablets without visible macroscopic damage. Finally, the application of XMT provides valuable structural insights if its limitations are taken into account and its strengths are fostered by advanced pre- and post-processing.
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Importance of Microstructure in Carbonate Rocks: Laboratory and 3D-Imaging Petrophysical Characterization. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11093784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Carbonate rocks are considered to be essential reservoirs for human development, but are known to be highly heterogeneous and difficult to fully characterize. To better understand carbonate systems, studying pore-scale is needed. For this purpose, three blocks of carbonate rocks (chalk, enthrocal limestone, and dolomite) were cored into 30 samples with diameters of 18 mm and lengths of 25 mm. They were characterized from pore to core scale with laboratory tools. These techniques, coupled with X-ray micro-tomography, enable us to quantify hydrodynamic properties (porosity, permeability), elastic and structural properties (by acoustic and electrical measurements), pore distribution (by centrifugation and calculations). The three rocks have similar properties to typical homogeneous carbonate rocks but have specific characteristics depending on the rock type. In the same rock family, sample properties are different and similarities were established between certain measured properties. For example, samples with the same hydrodynamic (porosity, permeability) and structural (formation factor, electrical tortuosity) characteristics may have different elastic properties, due to their cohesion, which itself depends on pore size distributions. Microstructure is understood as one of the essential properties of a rock and thus must be taken into account to better understand the initial characteristics of rocks.
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15
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Kim J, Torquato S. Characterizing the hyperuniformity of ordered and disordered two-phase media. Phys Rev E 2021; 103:012123. [PMID: 33601605 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.012123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The hyperuniformity concept provides a unified means to classify all perfect crystals, perfect quasicrystals, and exotic amorphous states of matter according to their capacity to suppress large-scale density fluctuations. While the classification of hyperuniform point configurations has received considerable attention, much less is known about the classification of hyperuniform two-phase heterogeneous media, which include composites, porous media, foams, cellular solids, colloidal suspensions, and polymer blends. The purpose of this article is to begin such a program for certain two-dimensional models of hyperuniform two-phase media by ascertaining their local volume-fraction variances σ_{_{V}}^{2}(R) and the associated hyperuniformity order metrics B[over ¯]_{V}. This is a highly challenging task because the geometries and topologies of the phases are generally much richer and more complex than point-configuration arrangements, and one must ascertain a broadly applicable length scale to make key quantities dimensionless. Therefore, we purposely restrict ourselves to a certain class of two-dimensional periodic cellular networks as well as periodic and disordered or irregular packings of circular disks, some of which maximize their effective transport and elastic properties. Among the cellular networks considered, the honeycomb networks have minimal values of the hyperuniformity order metrics B[over ¯]_{V} across all volume fractions. On the other hand, for all packings of circular disks examined, the triangular-lattice packings have the smallest values of B[over ¯]_{V} for the possible range of volume fractions. Among all structures studied here, the triangular-lattice packing of circular disks have the minimal values of the order metric for almost all volume fractions. Our study provides a theoretical foundation for the establishment of hyperuniformity order metrics for general two-phase media and a basis to discover new hyperuniform two-phase systems with desirable bulk physical properties by inverse design procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeuk Kim
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Salvatore Torquato
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA; Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA; Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA; and Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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16
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Ma Z, Torquato S. Generation and structural characterization of Debye random media. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:043310. [PMID: 33212618 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.043310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In their seminal paper on scattering by an inhomogeneous solid, Debye and coworkers proposed a simple exponentially decaying function for the two-point correlation function of an idealized class of two-phase random media. Such Debye random media, which have been shown to be realizable, are singularly distinct from all other models of two-phase media in that they are entirely defined by their one- and two-point correlation functions. To our knowledge, there has been no determination of other microstructural descriptors of Debye random media. In this paper, we generate Debye random media in two dimensions using an accelerated Yeong-Torquato construction algorithm. We then ascertain microstructural descriptors of the constructed media, including their surface correlation functions, pore-size distributions, lineal-path function, and chord-length probability density function. Accurate semianalytic and empirical formulas for these descriptors are devised. We compare our results for Debye random media to those of other popular models (overlapping disks and equilibrium hard disks) and find that the former model possesses a wider spectrum of hole sizes, including a substantial fraction of large holes. Our algorithm can be applied to generate other models defined by their two-point correlation functions, and their other microstructural descriptors can be determined and analyzed by the procedures laid out here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ma
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Salvatore Torquato
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics, Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, and Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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17
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Ma Q, Zhao L, Xu J, Su H, Zhang W, Yang W, Xu Q. Pore-scale investigation of reactive transfer process in a deep eutectic solvent (DES) electrolyte-based vanadium-iron redox flow battery. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Müller M, Glombek M, Powitz J, Brüning D, Rustenbeck I. A Cellular Automaton Model as a First Model-Based Assessment of Interacting Mechanisms for Insulin Granule Transport in Beta Cells. Cells 2020; 9:E1487. [PMID: 32570905 PMCID: PMC7348896 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper a first model is derived and applied which describes the transport of insulin granules through the cell interior and at the membrane of a beta cell. A special role is assigned to the actin network, which significantly influences the transport. For this purpose, microscopically measured actin networks are characterized and then further ones are artificially generated. In a Cellular Automaton model, phenomenological laws for granule movement are formulated and implemented. Simulation results are compared with experiments, primarily using TIRF images and secretion rates. In this respect, good similarities are already apparent. The model is a first useful approach to describe complex granule transport processes in beta cells, and offers great potential for future extensions. Furthermore, the model can be used as a tool to validate hypotheses and associated mechanisms regarding their effect on exocytosis or other processes. For this purpose, the source code for the model is provided online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Müller
- Institute of Dynamics and Vibrations, Technische Universität Braunschweig, D38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (M.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Mathias Glombek
- Institute of Dynamics and Vibrations, Technische Universität Braunschweig, D38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (M.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Jeldrick Powitz
- Institute of Dynamics and Vibrations, Technische Universität Braunschweig, D38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (M.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Dennis Brüning
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Technische Universität Braunschweig, D38106 Braunschweig, Germany;
| | - Ingo Rustenbeck
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Technische Universität Braunschweig, D38106 Braunschweig, Germany;
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19
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Chung SY, Sikora P, Rucinska T, Stephan D, Abd Elrahman M. Comparison of the pore size distributions of concretes with different air-entraining admixture dosages using 2D and 3D imaging approaches. MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION 2020; 162:110182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2020.110182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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20
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Chen H, He X, Teng Q, Sheriff RE, Feng J, Xiong S. Super-resolution of real-world rock microcomputed tomography images using cycle-consistent generative adversarial networks. Phys Rev E 2020; 101:023305. [PMID: 32168576 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.101.023305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Digital rock imaging plays an important role in studying the microstructure and macroscopic properties of rocks, where microcomputed tomography (MCT) is widely used. Due to the inherent limitations of MCT, a balance should be made between the field of view (FOV) and resolution of rock MCT images-a large FOV at low resolution (LR) or a small FOV at high resolution (HR). However, large FOV and HR are both expected for reliable analysis results in practice. Super-resolution (SR) is an effective solution to break through the mutual restriction between the FOV and resolution of rock MCT images, for it can reconstruct an HR image from a LR observation. Most of the existing SR methods cannot produce satisfactory HR results on real-world rock MCT images. One of the main reasons for this is that paired images are usually needed to learn the relationship between LR and HR rock images. However, it is challenging to collect such a dataset in a real scenario. Meanwhile, the simulated datasets may be unable to accurately reflect the model in actual applications. To address these problems, we propose a cycle-consistent generative adversarial network (CycleGAN)-based SR approach for real-world rock MCT images, namely, SRCycleGAN. In the off-line training phase, a set of unpaired rock MCT images is used to train the proposed SRCycleGAN, which can model the mapping between rock MCT images at different resolutions. In the on-line testing phase, the resolution of the LR input is enhanced via the learned mapping by SRCycleGAN. Experimental results show that the proposed SRCycleGAN can greatly improve the quality of simulated and real-world rock MCT images. The HR images reconstructed by SRCycleGAN show good agreement with the targets in terms of both the visual quality and the statistical parameters, including the porosity, the local porosity distribution, the two-point correlation function, the lineal-path function, the two-point cluster function, the chord-length distribution function, and the pore size distribution. Large FOV and HR rock MCT images can be obtained with the help of SRCycleGAN. Hence, this work makes it possible to generate HR rock MCT images that exceed the limitations of imaging systems on FOV and resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honggang Chen
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiaohai He
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.,Key Laboratory of Wireless Power Transmission of Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Qizhi Teng
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Raymond E Sheriff
- School of Engineering, University of Bolton, Bolton BL35AB, United Kingdom
| | - Junxi Feng
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Shuhua Xiong
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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21
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Gommes CJ, Jiao Y, Roberts AP, Jeulin D. Chord-length distributions cannot generally be obtained from small-angle scattering. J Appl Crystallogr 2020. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576719016133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The methods used to extract chord-length distributions from small-angle scattering data assume a structure consisting of spatially uncorrelated and disconnected convex regions. These restrictive conditions are seldom met for a wide variety of materials such as porous materials and semicrystalline or phase-separated copolymers, the structures of which consist of co-continuous phases that interpenetrate each other in a geometrically complex way. The significant errors that would result from applying existing methods to such systems are discussed using three distinct models for which the chord-length distributions are known analytically. The models are a dilute suspension of hollow spheres, the Poisson mosaic and the Boolean model of spheres.
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22
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Lemmens L, Rogiers B, Jacques D, Huysmans M, Swennen R, Urai JL, Desbois G, Laloy E. Nested multiresolution hierarchical simulated annealing algorithm for porous media reconstruction. Phys Rev E 2019; 100:053316. [PMID: 31869920 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.100.053316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Microstructure strongly influences flow and transport properties of porous media. Flow and transport simulations within porous media, therefore, requires accurate three-dimensional (3D) models of the pore and solid phase structure. To date, no imaging method can resolve all relevant heterogeneities from the nano- to the centimeter scale within complex heterogeneous materials such as clay, reservoir rocks (e.g., travertine, chalk, ...), hardened cement paste, and concrete. To reconstruct these porous materials it is thus necessary to merge information from different 2D and potentially 3D imaging methods. One porous media reconstruction methodology that has been around for at least two decades is simulated annealing (SA). However, realizations with SA typically suffer an artificially reduced long-range connectivity, while multiphase reconstructions are not feasible in most cases because of a prohibitive computational burden. To solve these problems we propose a hierarchical multiresolution and multiphase simulated annealing algorithm. To decrease the computational cost of multiphase simulation, our algorithm sequentially simulates one phase after another, in a hierarchical way, which enables handling multimodal distributions and topological relations. Building upon recent work, our algorithm improves long-range connectivity and CPU efficiency by simulating larger particles using a coarser resolution that is subsequently refined compared to standard SA; our proposed extension not only offers the possibility to perform multiphase reconstruction but also allows us (i) to improve binary reconstruction quality, as quantified, e.g., by multiple-point histograms by up to one order of magnitude and (ii) to achieve an overall speed-up. The proposed algorithm is also shown to outperform the direct sampling multiple-point statistics method for the generation of cement paste microstructure with respect to both generation time and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bart Rogiers
- Belgian Nuclear Research Center SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | | | - Marijke Huysmans
- Departement of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rudy Swennen
- Departement of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Janos L Urai
- Institute of Structural Geology, Tectonics and Geomechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Guillaume Desbois
- Institute of Structural Geology, Tectonics and Geomechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Eric Laloy
- Belgian Nuclear Research Center SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium
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23
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Bhattacharjee T, Datta SS. Confinement and activity regulate bacterial motion in porous media. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:9920-9930. [PMID: 31750508 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01735f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how bacteria move in porous media is critical to applications in healthcare, agriculture, environmental remediation, and chemical sensing. Recent work has demonstrated that E. coli, which moves by run-and-tumble dynamics in a homogeneous medium, exhibits a new form of motility when confined in a disordered porous medium: hopping-and-trapping motility, in which cells perform rapid, directed hops punctuated by intervals of slow, undirected trapping. Here, we use direct visualization to shed light on how these processes depend on pore-scale confinement and cellular activity. We find that hopping is determined by pore-scale confinement, and is independent of cellular activity; by contrast, trapping is determined by the competition between pore-scale confinement and cellular activity, as predicted by an entropic trapping model. These results thus help to elucidate the factors that regulate bacterial motion in porous media, and could help aid the development of new models of motility in heterogeneous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapomoy Bhattacharjee
- The Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, 86 Olden Street, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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24
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Feng J, He X, Teng Q, Ren C, Chen H, Li Y. Reconstruction of porous media from extremely limited information using conditional generative adversarial networks. Phys Rev E 2019; 100:033308. [PMID: 31639909 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.100.033308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Porous media are ubiquitous in both nature and engineering applications. Therefore, their modeling and understanding is of vital importance. In contrast to direct acquisition of three-dimensional (3D) images of this type of medium, obtaining its subregion (s) such as 2D images or several small areas can be feasible. Therefore, reconstructing whole images from limited information is a primary technique in these types of cases. Given data in practice cannot generally be determined by users and may be incomplete or only partially informed, thus making existing reconstruction methods inaccurate or even ineffective. To overcome this shortcoming, in this study we propose a deep-learning-based framework for reconstructing full images from their much smaller subareas. In particular, conditional generative adversarial network is utilized to learn the mapping between the input (a partial image) and output (a full image). To ensure the reconstruction accuracy, two simple but effective objective functions are proposed and then coupled with the other two functions to jointly constrain the training procedure. Because of the inherent essence of this ill-posed problem, a Gaussian noise is introduced for producing reconstruction diversity, thus enabling the network to provide multiple candidate outputs. Our method is extensively tested on a variety of porous materials and validated by both visual inspection and quantitative comparison. It is shown to be accurate, stable, and even fast (∼0.08 s for a 128×128 image reconstruction). The proposed approach can be readily extended by, for example, incorporating user-defined conditional data and an arbitrary number of object functions into reconstruction, while being coupled with other reconstruction methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxi Feng
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiaohai He
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Key Laboratory of Wireless Power Transmission of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Qizhi Teng
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Key Laboratory of Wireless Power Transmission of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Chao Ren
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Key Laboratory of Wireless Power Transmission of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Honggang Chen
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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25
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Svidrytski A, Hlushkou D, Tallarek U. Relationship between bed heterogeneity, chord length distribution, and longitudinal dispersion in particulate beds. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1600:167-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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26
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Abstract
Diverse processes-e.g. bioremediation, biofertilization, and microbial drug delivery-rely on bacterial migration in disordered, three-dimensional (3D) porous media. However, how pore-scale confinement alters bacterial motility is unknown due to the opacity of typical 3D media. As a result, models of migration are limited and often employ ad hoc assumptions. Here we reveal that the paradigm of run-and-tumble motility is dramatically altered in a porous medium. By directly visualizing individual Escherichia coli, we find that the cells are intermittently and transiently trapped as they navigate the pore space, exhibiting diffusive behavior at long time scales. The trapping durations and the lengths of "hops" between traps are broadly distributed, reminiscent of transport in diverse other disordered systems; nevertheless, we show that these quantities can together predict the long-time bacterial translational diffusivity. Our work thus provides a revised picture of bacterial motility in complex media and yields principles for predicting cellular migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapomoy Bhattacharjee
- The Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, 86 Olden Street, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Sujit S Datta
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, 41 Olden Street, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
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27
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Dual network extraction algorithm to investigate multiple transport processes in porous materials: Image-based modeling of pore and grain scale processes. Comput Chem Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Mesoscale Anisotropy in Porous Media Made of Clay Minerals. A Numerical Study Constrained by Experimental Data. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11101972. [PMID: 30322150 PMCID: PMC6212813 DOI: 10.3390/ma11101972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The anisotropic properties of clay-rich porous media have significant impact on the directional dependence of fluids migration in environmental and engineering sciences. This anisotropy, linked to the preferential orientation of flat anisometric clay minerals particles, is studied here on the basis of the simulation of three-dimensional packings of non-interacting disks, using a sequential deposition algorithm under a gravitational field. Simulations show that the obtained porosities fall onto a single master curve when plotted against the anisotropy value. This finding is consistent with results from sedimentation experiments using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) disks and subsequent extraction of particle anisotropy through X-ray microtomography. Further geometrical analyses of computed porous media highlight that both particle orientation and particle aggregation are responsible of the evolution of porosity as a function of anisotropy. Moreover, morphological analysis of the porous media using chord length measurements shows that the anisotropy of the pore and solid networks can be correlated with particle orientation. These results indicate that computed porous media, mimicking the organization of clay minerals, can be used to shed light on the anisotropic properties of fluid transfer in clay-based materials.
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29
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Griesheimer DP, Pavlou AT, Thompson JT, Holmes JC, Zerkle ML, Caro E, Joo H. In-line (α,n) source sampling methodology for monte carlo radiation transport simulations. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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30
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Popova E, Rodgers TM, Gong X, Cecen A, Madison JD, Kalidindi SR. Process-Structure Linkages Using a Data Science Approach: Application to Simulated Additive Manufacturing Data. INTEGRATING MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING INNOVATION 2017; 6:54-68. [PMID: 31976205 PMCID: PMC6946012 DOI: 10.1007/s40192-017-0088-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel data science workflow is developed and demonstrated to extract process-structure linkages (i.e., reduced-order model) for microstructure evolution problems when the final microstructure depends on (simulation or experimental) processing parameters. This workflow consists of four main steps: data pre-processing, microstructure quantification, dimensionality reduction, and extraction/validation of process-structure linkages. Methods that can be employed within each step vary based on the type and amount of available data. In this paper, this data-driven workflow is applied to a set of synthetic additive manufacturing microstructures obtained using the Potts-kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) approach. Additive manufacturing techniques inherently produce complex microstructures that can vary significantly with processing conditions. Using the developed workflow, a low-dimensional data-driven model was established to correlate process parameters with the predicted final microstructure. Additionally, the modular workflows developed and presented in this work facilitate easy dissemination and curation by the broader community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evdokia Popova
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
| | - Theron M. Rodgers
- Computational Materials & Data Science, Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, MS-1411, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA
| | - Xinyi Gong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
| | - Ahmet Cecen
- School of Computational Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
| | - Jonathan D. Madison
- Material Mechanics, Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800 MS-0889, Albuquerque, 87185 NM USA
| | - Surya R. Kalidindi
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
- School of Computational Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
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31
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Bouttes D, Gouillart E, Vandembroucq D. Topological Symmetry Breaking in Viscous Coarsening. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:145702. [PMID: 27740817 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.145702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The crucial role of hydrodynamic pinch-off instabilities is evidenced in the coarsening stage of viscous liquids. The phase separation of a barium borosilicate glass melt is studied by in situ synchrotron tomography at high temperature. The high viscosity contrast between the less viscous phase and the more viscous phase induces a topological symmetry breaking: capillary breakups occur preferentially in the less viscous phase. As a result, contrasting morphologies are obtained in the two phases. This symmetry breaking is illustrated on three different glass compositions, corresponding to different volume fractions of the two phases. In particular, a fragmentation phenomenon, reminiscent of the end-pinching mechanism proposed by Stone and co-workers is evidenced in the less viscous phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bouttes
- Laboratoire PMMH, UMR 7636 CNRS/ESPCI Paris/Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Université Paris Diderot, PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Emmanuelle Gouillart
- Surface du Verre et Interfaces, UMR 125 CNRS/Saint-Gobain, 93303 Aubervilliers, France
| | - Damien Vandembroucq
- Laboratoire PMMH, UMR 7636 CNRS/ESPCI Paris/Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Université Paris Diderot, PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France
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32
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Derossi A, Severini C, Ricci I. On the inverse problem of the reconstruction of food microstructure from limited statistical information. A study on bread. J FOOD ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2016.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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33
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Hormann K, Baranau V, Hlushkou D, Höltzel A, Tallarek U. Topological analysis of non-granular, disordered porous media: determination of pore connectivity, pore coordination, and geometric tortuosity in physically reconstructed silica monoliths. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj02814k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Different approaches are applied and compared, which are universally applicable to quantify pore coordination, pore and pore-throat connectivity, and geometric tortuosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristof Hormann
- Department of Chemistry
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- D-35032 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Vasili Baranau
- Department of Chemistry
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- D-35032 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Dzmitry Hlushkou
- Department of Chemistry
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- D-35032 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Alexandra Höltzel
- Department of Chemistry
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- D-35032 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Ulrich Tallarek
- Department of Chemistry
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- D-35032 Marburg
- Germany
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34
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Stoeckel D, Wallacher D, Zickler GA, Thommes M, Smarsly BM. Elucidating the Sorption Mechanism of Dibromomethane in Disordered Mesoporous Silica Adsorbents. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:6332-6342. [PMID: 25989514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of dibromomethane (DBM) sorption in mesoporous silica was investigated by in situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Six different samples of commercial porous silica particles used for liquid chromatography were studied, featuring a disordered mesoporous structure, with some of the samples being functionalized with alkyl chains. SAXS curves were recorded at room temperature at various relative pressures P/P0 during adsorption of DBM. The in situ SAXS experiment is based on contrast matching between silica and condensed DBM with regard to X-ray scattering. One alkyl-modified silica sample was evaluated in detail by extraction of the chord-length distribution (CLD) from SAXS data obtained for several P/P0. On the basis of this analytical approach and by comparison with ex situ obtained data of nitrogen and DBM adsorption, the mechanism of DBM uptake was studied. Results of average mesopore sizes obtained with the CLD method were compared with pore size analysis using nitrogen physisorption (77 K) with advanced state-of-the-art nonlocal density functional theory (NLDFT) evaluation. The dual SAXS/physisorption study indicates that microporosity is negligible in all silica samples and that surface functionalization with a hydrophobic ligand has a major influence upon the process of DBM adsorption. Also, all of the mesopores are accessible as evidenced by in situ SAXS. The data suggest that no multilayer adsorption occurs on C18-(octadecyl-)modified silica surfaces using DBM as adsorptive, and it is possibly also negligible on bare silica surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Stoeckel
- †Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Dirk Wallacher
- ‡Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerald A Zickler
- §Institute of Mechanics, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - Matthias Thommes
- ∥Quantachrome Instruments, 1900 Corporate Drive, Boynton Beach, Florida 33426, United States
| | - Bernd M Smarsly
- †Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, 35392 Gießen, Germany
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Ferrage E, Hubert F, Tertre E, Delville A, Michot LJ, Levitz P. Modeling the arrangement of particles in natural swelling-clay porous media using three-dimensional packing of elliptic disks. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 91:062210. [PMID: 26172708 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.91.062210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Swelling clay minerals play a key role in the control of water and pollutant migration in natural media such as soils. Moreover, swelling clay particles' orientational properties in porous media have significant implications for the directional dependence of fluid transfer. Herein we investigate the ability to mimic the organization of particles in natural swelling-clay porous media using a three-dimensional sequential particle deposition procedure [D. Coelho, J.-F. Thovert, and P. M. Adler, Phys. Rev. E 55, 1959 (1997)]. The algorithm considered is first used to simulate disk packings. Porosities of disk packings fall onto a single master curve when plotted against the orientational scalar order parameter value. This relation is used to validate the algorithm used in comparison with existing ones. The ellipticity degree of the particles is shown to have a negligible effect on the packing porosity for ratios ℓ(a)/ℓ(b) less than 1.5, whereas a significant increase in porosity is obtained for higher values. The effect of the distribution of the geometrical parameters (size, aspect ratio, and ellipticity degree) of particles on the final packing properties is also investigated. Finally, the algorithm is used to simulate particle packings for three size fractions of natural swelling-clay mineral powders. Calculated data regarding the distribution of the geometrical parameters and orientation of particles in porous media are successfully compared with experimental data obtained for the same samples. The results indicate that the obtained virtual porous media can be considered representative of natural samples and can be used to extract properties difficult to obtain experimentally, such as the anisotropic features of pore and solid phases in a system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Ferrage
- Université de Poitiers, CNRS, UMR 7285, Equipe HydrASA Laboratoire, Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers, F-86022 Poitiers, France
| | - Fabien Hubert
- Université de Poitiers, CNRS, UMR 7285, Equipe HydrASA Laboratoire, Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers, F-86022 Poitiers, France
| | - Emmanuel Tertre
- Université de Poitiers, CNRS, UMR 7285, Equipe HydrASA Laboratoire, Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers, F-86022 Poitiers, France
| | - Alfred Delville
- Université d'Orléans, CNRS, UMR 7374, Interfaces, Confinement, Matériaux et Nanostructures, F-45071 Orléans, France
| | - Laurent J Michot
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS, UMR 8234, Physicochimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, F- 72522 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Levitz
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS, UMR 8234, Physicochimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, F- 72522 Paris, France
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Tahmasebi P, Sahimi M. Geostatistical Simulation and Reconstruction of Porous Media by a Cross-Correlation Function and Integration of Hard and Soft Data. Transp Porous Media 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11242-015-0471-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Reconstruction of food microstructure via statistical correlation functions. The use of lineal-path distribution functions. J FOOD ENG 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2014.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Pant LM, Mitra SK, Secanell M. Stochastic reconstruction using multiple correlation functions with different-phase-neighbor-based pixel selection. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 90:023306. [PMID: 25215850 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.90.023306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A reconstruction methodology based on threshold energy based energy minimization (TA) and different-phase-neighbor (DPN)-based pixel swapping is presented. The TA method uses an energy threshold rather than probabilities as an acceptance criteria for annealing steps. The DPN-based pixel selection method gives priority to pixels which are segregated from clusters instead of random selection. An in-house solver has been developed to obtain two-dimensional reconstructions of heterogeneous two-phase mediums. Compared to conventional simulated annealing with random pixel swapping, the proposed method was found to achieve an optimal structure with up to an order of magnitude reduction in energy. When selecting a threshold tolerance value, the proposed method showed a 50% improvement in convergence time compared to conventional simulated annealing with random pixel swapping. The improved algorithm is used to study the effect of multiple correlation functions during the reconstruction. It was found that a combination of two-point correlation function and lineal path function for both phases results in most accurate reconstructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit M Pant
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, T6G 2G8
| | - Sushanta K Mitra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, T6G 2G8
| | - Marc Secanell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, T6G 2G8
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Zielke L, Fallisch A, Paust N, Zengerle R, Thiele S. Tomography based screening of flow field / current collector combinations for PEM water electrolysis. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra12402b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Stoeckel D, Wallacher D, Zickler GA, Perlich J, Tallarek U, Smarsly BM. Coherent analysis of disordered mesoporous adsorbents using small angle X-ray scattering and physisorption experiments. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:6583-92. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp55072a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Siena M, Riva M, Hyman JD, Winter CL, Guadagnini A. Relationship between pore size and velocity probability distributions in stochastically generated porous media. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 89:013018. [PMID: 24580331 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.89.013018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We perform a set of detailed numerical simulations of single-phase, fully saturated flow in stochastically generated, three-dimensional pore structures with diverse porosities (ϕ) and degrees of connectivity, and analyze the probability density functions (PDFs) of the pore sizes, S, and vertical velocity components, w, which are aligned with the mean flow direction. Both of the PDFs are markedly skewed with pronounced positive tails. This feature of the velocity PDF is dictated by the pore structure and determines the shortest travel times, one of the key transport attributes that underpins the success or the failure of environmental remediation techniques. Using a maximum likelihood approach, we determine that the PDFs of S and w decay according to an exponential and a stretched exponential model, respectively. A strong correlation between the key parameters governing the decay of the upper tails of the two PDFs is found, which provides a quantitative result for this analogy that so far has been stated only qualitatively. The parameter governing the concavity of the tail of the velocity PDF varies linearly with porosity over the entire range of tested values (0.2≤ϕ≤0.6). The parameters controlling the spread of the upper tails of the PDFs of S and w appear to be linked by a power-law relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Siena
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Ambientale, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - M Riva
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Ambientale, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy and Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721, USA
| | - J D Hyman
- Program in Applied Mathematics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721, USA
| | - C L Winter
- Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721, USA and Program in Applied Mathematics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721, USA
| | - A Guadagnini
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Ambientale, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy and Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721, USA
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Derossi A, De Pilli T, Severini C. Statistical Description of Food Microstructure. Extraction of Some Correlation Functions From 2D Images. FOOD BIOPHYS 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11483-013-9307-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Derossi A, De Pilli T, Severini C. Use of Lineal-Path Distribution Function as Statistical Descriptor of the Crumb Structure of Bread. FOOD BIOPHYS 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11483-013-9289-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Leroy V, Goyeau B, Taine J. Coupled Upscaling Approaches For Conduction, Convection, and Radiation in Porous Media: Theoretical Developments. Transp Porous Media 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11242-013-0146-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Svensson T, Vynck K, Grisi M, Savo R, Burresi M, Wiersma DS. Holey random walks: optics of heterogeneous turbid composites. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2013; 87:022120. [PMID: 23496473 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.87.022120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We present a probabilistic theory of random walks in turbid media with nonscattering regions. It is shown that important characteristics such as diffusion constants, average step lengths, crossing statistics, and void spacings can be analytically predicted. The theory is validated using Monte Carlo simulations of light transport in heterogeneous systems in the form of random sphere packings and good agreement is found. The role of step correlations is discussed and differences between unbounded and bounded systems are investigated. Our results are relevant to the optics of heterogeneous systems in general and represent an important step forward in the understanding of media with strong (fractal) heterogeneity in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Svensson
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
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Derossi A, De Pilli T, Severini C. Statistical Description of Fat and Meat Phases of Sausages by the Use of Lineal-Path Distribution Function. FOOD BIOPHYS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11483-012-9264-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Tahmasebi P, Sahimi M. Reconstruction of three-dimensional porous media using a single thin section. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 85:066709. [PMID: 23005245 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.85.066709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of any reconstruction method is to generate realizations of two- or multiphase disordered media that honor limited data for them, with the hope that the realizations provide accurate predictions for those properties of the media for which there are no data available, or their measurement is difficult. An important example of such stochastic systems is porous media for which the reconstruction technique must accurately represent their morphology--the connectivity and geometry--as well as their flow and transport properties. Many of the current reconstruction methods are based on low-order statistical descriptors that fail to provide accurate information on the properties of heterogeneous porous media. On the other hand, due to the availability of high resolution two-dimensional (2D) images of thin sections of a porous medium, and at the same time, the high cost, computational difficulties, and even unavailability of complete 3D images, the problem of reconstructing porous media from 2D thin sections remains an outstanding unsolved problem. We present a method based on multiple-point statistics in which a single 2D thin section of a porous medium, represented by a digitized image, is used to reconstruct the 3D porous medium to which the thin section belongs. The method utilizes a 1D raster path for inspecting the digitized image, and combines it with a cross-correlation function, a grid splitting technique for deciding the resolution of the computational grid used in the reconstruction, and the Shannon entropy as a measure of the heterogeneity of the porous sample, in order to reconstruct the 3D medium. It also utilizes an adaptive technique for identifying the locations and optimal number of hard (quantitative) data points that one can use in the reconstruction process. The method is tested on high resolution images for Berea sandstone and a carbonate rock sample, and the results are compared with the data. To make the comparison quantitative, two sets of statistical tests consisting of the autocorrelation function, histogram matching of the local coordination numbers, the pore and throat size distributions, multiple-points connectivity, and single- and two-phase flow permeabilities are used. The comparison indicates that the proposed method reproduces the long-range connectivity of the porous media, with the computed properties being in good agreement with the data for both porous samples. The computational efficiency of the method is also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pejman Tahmasebi
- Department of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum Engineering, Amir Kabir University of Technology, Tehran 15875-4413, Iran
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Gommes CJ, Jiao Y, Torquato S. Microstructural degeneracy associated with a two-point correlation function and its information content. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 85:051140. [PMID: 23004736 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.85.051140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A two-point correlation function provides a crucial yet an incomplete characterization of a microstructure because distinctly different microstructures may have the same correlation function. In an earlier Letter [Gommes, Jiao, and Torquato, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 080601 (2012)], we addressed the microstructural degeneracy question: What is the number of microstructures compatible with a specified correlation function? We computed this degeneracy, i.e., configurational entropy, in the framework of reconstruction methods, which enabled us to map the problem to the determination of ground-state degeneracies. Here, we provide a more comprehensive presentation of the methodology and analyses, as well as additional results. Since the configuration space of a reconstruction problem is a hypercube on which a Hamming distance is defined, we can calculate analytically the energy profile of any reconstruction problem, corresponding to the average energy of all microstructures at a given Hamming distance from a ground state. The steepness of the energy profile is a measure of the roughness of the energy landscape associated with the reconstruction problem, which can be used as a proxy for the ground-state degeneracy. The relationship between this roughness metric and the ground-state degeneracy is calibrated using a Monte Carlo algorithm for determining the ground-state degeneracy of a variety of microstructures, including realizations of hard disks and Poisson point processes at various densities as well as those with known degeneracies (e.g., single disks of various sizes and a particular crystalline microstructure). We show that our results can be expressed in terms of the information content of the two-point correlation functions. From this perspective, the a priori condition for a reconstruction to be accurate is that the information content, expressed in bits, should be comparable to the number of pixels in the unknown microstructure. We provide a formula to calculate the information content of any two-point correlation function, which makes our results broadly applicable to any field in which correlation functions are employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Gommes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium.
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Zhang S, Findley KO. Application of Chords for Quantitative Characterization of Multi-Constituent Microstructures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13632-012-0006-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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