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Horodynski M, Bouchet D, Kühmayer M, Rotter S. Invariance Property of the Fisher Information in Scattering Media. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:233201. [PMID: 34936787 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.233201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Determining the ultimate precision limit for measurements on a subwavelength particle with coherent laser light is a goal with applications in areas as diverse as biophysics and nanotechnology. Here, we demonstrate that surrounding such a particle with a complex scattering environment does, on average, not have any influence on the mean quantum Fisher information associated with measurements on the particle. As a remarkable consequence, the average precision that can be achieved when estimating the particle's properties is the same in the ballistic and in the diffusive scattering regime, independently of the particle's position within its nonabsorbing environment. This invariance law breaks down only in the regime of Anderson localization, due to increased C_{0}-speckle correlations. Finally, we show how these results connect to the mean quantum Fisher information achievable with spatially optimized input fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Horodynski
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dorian Bouchet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LIPhy, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Matthias Kühmayer
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Rotter
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), 1040 Vienna, Austria
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2
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Light–Matter Interaction of Single Quantum Emitters with Dielectric Nanostructures. PHOTONICS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics5020014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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3
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Riboli F, Uccheddu F, Monaco G, Caselli N, Intonti F, Gurioli M, Skipetrov SE. Tailoring Correlations of the Local Density of States in Disordered Photonic Materials. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:043902. [PMID: 29341774 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.043902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present experimental evidence for the different mechanisms driving the fluctuations of the local density of states (LDOS) in disordered photonic systems. We establish a clear link between the microscopic structure of the material and the frequency correlation function of LDOS accessed by a near-field hyperspectral imaging technique. We show, in particular, that short- and long-range frequency correlations of LDOS are controlled by different physical processes (multiple or single scattering processes, respectively) that can be-to some extent-manipulated independently. We also demonstrate that the single scattering contribution to LDOS fluctuations is sensitive to subwavelength features of the material and, in particular, to the correlation length of its dielectric function. Our work paves a way towards complete control of statistical properties of disordered photonic systems, allowing for designing materials with predefined correlations of LDOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Riboli
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38050 Povo (TN), Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, CNR, via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - F Uccheddu
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Florence, via Santa Marta 5, 50139 Firenze, Italy
| | - G Monaco
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38050 Povo (TN), Italy
| | - N Caselli
- European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Calle Sor Juana Ins de la Cruz, 3, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Intonti
- European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - M Gurioli
- European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - S E Skipetrov
- Université Grenoble Alpes, LPMMC, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, LPMMC, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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Riboli F, Caselli N, Vignolini S, Intonti F, Vynck K, Barthelemy P, Gerardino A, Balet L, Li LH, Fiore A, Gurioli M, Wiersma DS. Engineering of light confinement in strongly scattering disordered media. NATURE MATERIALS 2014; 13:720-725. [PMID: 24836733 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Disordered photonic materials can diffuse and localize light through random multiple scattering, offering opportunities to study mesoscopic phenomena, control light-matter interactions, and provide new strategies for photonic applications. Light transport in such media is governed by photonic modes characterized by resonances with finite spectral width and spatial extent. Considerable steps have been made recently towards control over the transport using wavefront shaping techniques. The selective engineering of individual modes, however, has been addressed only theoretically. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the possibility to engineer the confinement and the mutual interaction of modes in a two-dimensional disordered photonic structure. The strong light confinement is achieved at the fabrication stage by an optimization of the structure, and an accurate and local tuning of the mode resonance frequencies is achieved via post-fabrication processes. To show the versatility of our technique, we selectively control the detuning between overlapping localized modes and observe both frequency crossing and anti-crossing behaviours, thereby paving the way for the creation of open transmission channels in strongly scattering media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Riboli
- 1] European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy [2] Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy [3]
| | - Niccolò Caselli
- 1] European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy [2] Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Silvia Vignolini
- 1] European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy [2] Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy [3]
| | - Francesca Intonti
- 1] European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy [2] Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Kevin Vynck
- 1] European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy [2]
| | - Pierre Barthelemy
- 1] European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy [2]
| | - Annamaria Gerardino
- Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnology, CNR, Via C. Romano 42, 00156 Roma, Italy
| | - Laurent Balet
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lianhe H Li
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Fiore
- 1] Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland [2]
| | - Massimo Gurioli
- 1] European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy [2] Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Diederik S Wiersma
- 1] European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy [2] Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
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Hildebrand WK, Strybulevych A, Skipetrov SE, van Tiggelen BA, Page JH. Observation of infinite-range intensity correlations above, at, and below the mobility edges of the 3D Anderson localization transition. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:073902. [PMID: 24579600 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.073902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigate long-range intensity correlations on both sides of the Anderson transition of classical waves in a three-dimensional disordered material. Our ultrasonic experiments are designed to unambiguously detect a recently predicted infinite-range C0 contribution, due to local density of states fluctuations near the source. We find that these C0 correlations, in addition to C2 and C3 contributions, are significantly enhanced near mobility edges. Separate measurements of the inverse participation ratio reveal a link between C0 and the anomalous dimension Δ2, implying that C0 may also be used to explore the critical regime of the Anderson transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- W K Hildebrand
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - A Strybulevych
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - S E Skipetrov
- Université Grenoble 1/CNRS, LPMMC UMR 5493, B.P. 166, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - B A van Tiggelen
- Université Grenoble 1/CNRS, LPMMC UMR 5493, B.P. 166, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - J H Page
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
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García PD, Stobbe S, Söllner I, Lodahl P. Nonuniversal intensity correlations in a two-dimensional Anderson-localizing random medium. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:253902. [PMID: 23368466 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.253902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Complex dielectric media often appear opaque because light traveling through them is scattered multiple times. Although the light scattering is a random process, different paths through the medium can be correlated encoding information about the medium. Here, we present spectroscopic measurements of nonuniversal intensity correlations that emerge when embedding quantum emitters inside a disordered photonic crystal that is found to Anderson-localize light. The emitters probe in situ the microscopic details of the medium, and imprint such near-field properties onto the far-field correlations. Our findings provide new ways of enhancing light-matter interaction for quantum electrodynamics and energy harvesting, and may find applications in subwavelength diffuse-wave spectroscopy for biophotonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro David García
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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7
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Thyrrestrup H, Smolka S, Sapienza L, Lodahl P. Statistical theory of a quantum emitter strongly coupled to Anderson-localized modes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:113901. [PMID: 22540472 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.113901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A statistical theory of the coupling between a quantum emitter and Anderson-localized cavity modes is presented based on a dyadic Green's function formalism. The probability of achieving the strong light-matter coupling regime is extracted for an experimentally realistic system composed of InAs quantum dots embedded in a disordered photonic crystal waveguide. We demonstrate that by engineering the relevant parameters that define the quality of light confinement, i.e., the light localization length and the loss length, strong coupling between a single quantum dot and an Anderson-localized cavity is within experimental reach. As a consequence, confining light by disorder provides a novel platform for quantum electrodynamics experiments.
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Sapienza R, Bondareff P, Pierrat R, Habert B, Carminati R, van Hulst NF. Long-tail statistics of the Purcell factor in disordered media driven by near-field interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:163902. [PMID: 21599367 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.163902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Revised: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, we study the Purcell effect in a 3D disordered dielectric medium through fluorescence decay rates of nanosized light sources. We report distributions of Purcell factor with non-Gaussian long-tailed statistics and an enhancement of up to 8 times the average value. We attribute this large enhancement to strong fluctuations of the local density of states induced by near-field scattering sustained by more than one particle. Our findings go beyond standard diagrammatic and single-scattering models and can be explained only by taking into account the full near-field interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sapienza
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain.
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9
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Galisteo-López JF, Ibisate M, Sapienza R, Froufe-Pérez LS, Blanco A, López C. Self-assembled photonic structures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2011; 23:30-69. [PMID: 20878624 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201000356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Photonic crystals have proven their potential and are nowadays a familiar concept. They have been approached from many scientific and technological flanks. Among the many techniques devised to implement this technology self-assembly has always been one of great popularity surely due to its ease of access and the richness of results offered. Self-assembly is also probably the approach entailing more materials aspects owing to the fact that they lend themselves to be fabricated by a great many, very different methods on a vast variety of materials and to multiple purposes. To these well-known material systems a new sibling has been born (photonic glass) expanding the paradigm of optical materials inspired by solid state physics crystal concept. It is expected that they may become an important player in the near future not only because they complement the properties of photonic crystals but because they entice the researchers' curiosity. In this review a panorama is presented of the state of the art in this field with the view to serve a broad community concerned with materials aspects of photonic structures and more so those interested in self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Galisteo-López
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid and Unidad Asociada CSIC-U Vigo, Calle Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3; 28049 Madrid, Spain
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10
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Krachmalnicoff V, Castanié E, De Wilde Y, Carminati R. Fluctuations of the local density of states probe localized surface plasmons on disordered metal films. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:183901. [PMID: 21231105 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.183901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2010] [Revised: 08/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We measure the statistical distribution of the local density of optical states (LDOS) on disordered semicontinuous metal films. We show that LDOS fluctuations exhibit a maximum in a regime where fractal clusters dominate the film surface. These large fluctuations are a signature of surface-plasmon localization on the nanometer scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Krachmalnicoff
- Institut Langevin, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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Birowosuto MD, Skipetrov SE, Vos WL, Mosk AP. Observation of spatial fluctuations of the local density of states in random photonic media. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:013904. [PMID: 20867448 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.013904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally study spatial fluctuations of the local density of states (LDOS) inside three-dimensional random photonic media. The LDOS is probed at many positions inside random photonic media by measuring emission rates of a large number of individual fluorescent nanospheres. The emission rates are observed to fluctuate spatially, and the variance of the fluctuations increases with the scattering strength. The measured variance of the emission rates agrees well with a model that takes into account the effect of the nearest scatterer only.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Birowosuto
- Complex Photonic Systems, Faculty of Science and Technology, and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
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12
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Carminati R, Sáenz JJ. Density of states and extinction mean free path of waves in random media: dispersion relations and sum rules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:093902. [PMID: 19392519 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.093902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We establish a fundamental relationship between the averaged local density of states and the extinction mean free path of waves propagating in random media. From the principle of causality and the Kramers-Kronig relations, we show that both quantities are connected by dispersion relations and are constrained by a frequency sum rule. The results should be helpful in the analysis of wave transport through complex media and in the design of materials with specific transport properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Carminati
- Institut Langevin, ESPCI, CNRS UMR 7587, Laboratoire d'Optique Physique, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.
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