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Comprehensive review on physical properties of supercritical carbon dioxide calculated by molecular simulation. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-022-1316-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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2
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Vestrick S, Fischer C, Khoukaz A. Crossing the Widom line: Cluster formation as sensitive probe of supercritical fluids. J Supercrit Fluids 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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3
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widom and extrema lines as CRITERIA for OPTIMIZING operating conditions IN supercritical processes. J Supercrit Fluids 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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4
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Zanetti-Polzi L, Daidone I, Amadei A. A general statistical mechanical model for fluid system thermodynamics: Application to sub- and super-critical water. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:044506. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0079206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Zanetti-Polzi
- Center S3, CNR-Institute of Nanoscience, Via Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Isabella Daidone
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, via Vetoio (Coppito 1), 67010 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Andrea Amadei
- Department of Chemical and Technological Sciences, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, I-00185 Rome, Italy
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Banuti D, Raju M, Ihme M. Between supercritical liquids and gases – Reconciling dynamic and thermodynamic state transitions. J Supercrit Fluids 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2020.104895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Losey J, Sadus RJ. Structural behavior of fluids from the vapor and liquid region to the supercritical phase. Phys Rev E 2019; 100:052132. [PMID: 31869944 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.100.052132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A metric (χ) is introduced to quantify the relative proportion of particles having a specified number of near neighbors that are characteristic of liquid-phase properties. It can be used as a simple alternative to other methods for the investigation of some aspects of percolation behavior. Values of χ are obtained from molecular-dynamics simulations spanning the heterogeneous vapor and liquid region and the supercritical phase of the Lennard-Jones fluid. The supercritical phase can be delineated into regions of different structural properties. At different isochoric subcritical conditions, the temperature versus χ behavior shows evidence of inflections, which are associated with the onset of transitions from the vapor and liquid region to the supercritical phase. The analysis suggests a phenomenological requirement for the critical point in terms of a near-equal proportion of near neighbors with gaslike and liquidlike characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Losey
- Centre for Computational Innovations, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Richard J Sadus
- Centre for Computational Innovations, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
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Ploetz EA, Smith PE. Gas or Liquid? The Supercritical Behavior of Pure Fluids. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:6554-6563. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b04058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Ploetz
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, 1212 Mid Campus Dr. North, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-0401, United States
| | - Paul E. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, 1212 Mid Campus Dr. North, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-0401, United States
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Mareev E, Aleshkevich V, Potemkin F, Bagratashvili V, Minaev N, Gordienko V. Anomalous behavior of nonlinear refractive indexes of CO 2 and Xe in supercritical states. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:13229-13238. [PMID: 29801350 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.013229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Direct measurement of pressure dependent nonlinear refractive index of CO2 and Xe in subcritical and supercritical states are reported. In the vicinity of the ridge (or the Widom line), corresponding to the maximum density fluctuations, the nonlinear refractive index reaches a maximum value (up to 4.8*10-20m2/W in CO2 and 3.5*10-20m2/W in Xe). Anomalous behavior of the nonlinear refractive index in the vicinity of a ridge is caused by the cluster formation. That corresponds to the results of our theoretical assumption based on the modified Langevin theory.
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Raju M, Banuti DT, Ma PC, Ihme M. Widom Lines in Binary Mixtures of Supercritical Fluids. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3027. [PMID: 28596591 PMCID: PMC5465206 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03334-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent experiments on pure fluids have identified distinct liquid-like and gas-like regimes even under supercritical conditions. The supercritical liquid-gas transition is marked by maxima in response functions that define a line emanating from the critical point, referred to as Widom line. However, the structure of analogous state transitions in mixtures of supercritical fluids has not been determined, and it is not clear whether a Widom line can be identified for binary mixtures. Here, we present first evidence for the existence of multiple Widom lines in binary mixtures from molecular dynamics simulations. By considering mixtures of noble gases, we show that, depending on the phase behavior, mixtures transition from a liquid-like to a gas-like regime via distinctly different pathways, leading to phase relationships of surprising complexity and variety. Specifically, we show that miscible binary mixtures have behavior analogous to a pure fluid and the supercritical state space is characterized by a single liquid-gas transition. In contrast, immiscible binary mixture undergo a phase separation in which the clusters transition separately at different temperatures, resulting in multiple distinct Widom lines. The presence of this unique transition behavior emphasizes the complexity of the supercritical state to be expected in high-order mixtures of practical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muralikrishna Raju
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Daniel T Banuti
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Peter C Ma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Matthias Ihme
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levi Irwin
- SETA, ManTech SRS Technologies, Inc., 3865 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, VA 22203, USA
| | - Yann Le Moullec
- Électricité de France, China Holding R&D, Beijing 100005, China
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11
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Banuti DT, Raju M, Ihme M. Similarity law for Widom lines and coexistence lines. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:052120. [PMID: 28618508 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.052120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The coexistence line of a fluid separates liquid and gaseous states at subcritical pressures, ending at the critical point. Only recently, it became clear that the supercritical state space can likewise be divided into regions with liquidlike and gaslike properties, separated by an extension to the coexistence line. This crossover line is commonly referred to as the Widom line, and is characterized by large changes in density or enthalpy, manifesting as maxima in the thermodynamic response functions. Thus, a reliable representation of the coexistence line and the Widom line is important for sub- and supercritical applications that depend on an accurate prediction of fluid properties. While it is known for subcritical pressures that nondimensionalization with the respective species critical pressures p_{cr} and temperatures T_{cr} only collapses coexistence line data for simple fluids, this approach is used for Widom lines of all fluids. However, we show here that the Widom line does not adhere to the corresponding states principle, but instead to the extended corresponding states principle. We resolve this problem in two steps. First, we propose a Widom line functional based on the Clapeyron equation and derive an analytical, species specific expression for the only parameter from the Soave-Redlich-Kwong equation of state. This parameter is a function of the acentric factor ω and compares well with experimental data. Second, we introduce the scaled reduced pressure p_{r}^{*} to replace the previously used reduced pressure p_{r}=p/p_{cr}. We show that p_{r}^{*} is a function of the acentric factor only and can thus be readily determined from fluid property tables. It collapses both subcritical coexistence line and supercritical Widom line data over a wide range of species with acentric factors ranging from -0.38 (helium) to 0.34 (water), including alkanes up to n-hexane. By using p_{r}^{*}, the extended corresponding states principle can be applied within corresponding states principle formalism. Furthermore, p_{r}^{*} provides a theoretical foundation to compare Widom lines of different fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Banuti
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - M Raju
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - M Ihme
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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12
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Shibuta S, Imamura H, Nishikawa K, Morita T. Fluctuational parameters based on the Bhatia–Thornton theory for supercritical solutions: Application to a supercritical aqueous solution of n -pentane. Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Muneoka H, Urabe K, Stauss S, Terashima K. Micrometer-scale electrical breakdown in high-density fluids with large density fluctuations: Numerical model and experimental assessment. Phys Rev E 2015; 91:042316. [PMID: 25974500 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.91.042316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Experimentally observed electrical breakdown voltages (U(B)) in high-pressure gases and supercritical fluids deviate from classical theories for low-pressure gas discharges, and the underlying breakdown mechanisms for the high-density fluids making the U(B) differ from those in the classical discharges are not yet well understood. In this study, we developed an electrical breakdown model for the high-density fluids taking into account the effects of density fluctuations and ion-enhanced field emission (IEFE). The model is based on the concept that a critical anomaly of the U(B) (local minimum near the critical point) is caused by long mean free electron path leading to a large first Townsend coefficient in locally low-density spatial domains generated by the density fluctuations. Also, a modified Paschen's curve considering the effect of the IEFE on the second Townsend coefficient was used to reproduce the U(B) curve in the high-density fluids. Calculations based on the novel model showed good agreements with the experimentally measured U(B) even near the critical point and it also suggested that the critical anomaly of the U(B) depends on the gap distance. These results indicate that both the density fluctuations and the IEFE have to be considered to comprehend the plasmas in high-density and density-fluctuating fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Muneoka
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Urabe
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Sven Stauss
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Kazuo Terashima
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
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15
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Brazhkin VV, Lyapin AG, Ryzhov VN, Trachenko K, Fomin YD, Tsiok EN. The Frenkel line and supercritical technologies. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s199079311408003x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Hermida-Merino D, Portale G, Fields P, Wilson R, Bassett SP, Jennings J, Dellar M, Gommes C, Howdle SM, Vrolijk BCM, Bras W. A high pressure cell for supercritical CO₂ on-line chemical reactions studied with X-ray techniques. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:093905. [PMID: 25273737 DOI: 10.1063/1.4895717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A versatile high pressure X-ray sample cell has been developed for conducting in situ time-resolved X-ray scattering experiments in the pressure and temperature regime required (pressures up to 210 bars and temperatures up to 120 °C) for chemical reactions in supercritical fluids. The large exit opening angle of the cell allows simultaneous performance of SAXS-WAXS experiments. Diamond windows are used in order to benefit from the combination of maximum strength, minimal X-ray absorption and chemical inertia. The sample cell can also be utilised for X-ray spectroscopy experiments over a wide range of photon energies. Results of the online synthesis of a block copolymer, poly(methyl methacrylate-block-poly(benzyl methacrylate), by Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) in a supercritical CO2 dispersion polymerisation will be discussed. The contribution of the density fluctuations, as function of temperature, to the X-ray scattering signal has been quantified in order to allow appropriate background subtractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hermida-Merino
- DUBBLE@ESRF, Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (N.W.O.), CS40220, 38043, Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Giuseppe Portale
- DUBBLE@ESRF, Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (N.W.O.), CS40220, 38043, Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Peter Fields
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Wilson
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Simon P Bassett
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - James Jennings
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Dellar
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Cedric Gommes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Liège B6A, allée du 6 Août 3, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Steven M Howdle
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Wim Bras
- DUBBLE@ESRF, Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (N.W.O.), CS40220, 38043, Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
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Zhu J, Zhang P, Wang H, Site LD. Is there a third order phase transition for supercritical fluids? J Chem Phys 2014; 140:014502. [PMID: 24410228 DOI: 10.1063/1.4855656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We prove that according to Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations of liquid mixtures of Lennard-Jones (L-J) particles, there is no third order phase transition in the supercritical regime beyond Andrew's critical point. This result is in open contrast with recent theoretical studies and experiments which instead suggest not only its existence but also its universality regarding the chemical nature of the fluid. We argue that our results are solid enough to go beyond the limitations of MD and the generic character of L-J models, thus suggesting a rather smooth liquid-vapor thermodynamic behavior of fluids in supercritical regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglong Zhu
- LMAM and School of Mathematical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingwen Zhang
- LMAM and School of Mathematical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Wang
- Institute for Mathematics, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
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18
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Ryltsev RE, Chtchelkatchev NM. Multistage structural evolution in simple monatomic supercritical fluids: superstable tetrahedral local order. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2013; 88:052101. [PMID: 24329208 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.88.052101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The local order units of dense simple liquid are typically three-dimensional (close packed) clusters: hcp, fcc, and icosahedrons. We show that the fluid demonstrates the superstable tetrahedral local order up to temperatures several orders of magnitude higher than the melting temperature and down to critical density. While the solid-like local order (hcp, fcc) disappears in the fluid at much lower temperatures and far above critical density. We conclude that the supercritical fluid shows the temperature (density)-driven two-stage "melting" of the three-dimensional local order. We also find that the structure relaxation times in the supercritical fluid are much larger than ones estimated for weakly interactive gas even far above the melting line.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Ryltsev
- Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, 620016 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - N M Chtchelkatchev
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Moscow, Russia and L. D. Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432, Moscow Region, Chernogolovka, Russia and Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California 91330, USA and Institute for High Pressure Physics RAS, 142190, Moscow, Russia
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Morita T, Murai H, Kase S, Nishikawa K. Small-angle X-ray scattering study on the fluctuations of supercritical aqueous solution of n-pentane along the critical isotherm of water. Chem Phys Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2012.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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Wang H, Site LD, Zhang P. On the existence of a third-order phase transition beyond the Andrews critical point: A molecular dynamics study. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:224506. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3666848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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22
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Téllez-Arredondo P, Medeiros M, Piñeiro MM, Cerdeiriña CA. Loci of extrema of thermodynamic response functions for the Lennard–Jones fluid. Mol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2011.619505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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23
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Brazhkin VV, Ryzhov VN. Van der Waals supercritical fluid: Exact formulas for special lines. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:084503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3627231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Brazhkin VV, Fomin YD, Lyapin AG, Ryzhov VN, Tsiok EN. Widom Line for the Liquid–Gas Transition in Lennard-Jones System. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:14112-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jp2039898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. V. Brazhkin
- Institute for High Pressure Physics RAS, 142190 Troitsk Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Yu. D. Fomin
- Institute for High Pressure Physics RAS, 142190 Troitsk Moscow Region, Russia
| | - A. G. Lyapin
- Institute for High Pressure Physics RAS, 142190 Troitsk Moscow Region, Russia
| | - V. N. Ryzhov
- Institute for High Pressure Physics RAS, 142190 Troitsk Moscow Region, Russia
| | - E. N. Tsiok
- Institute for High Pressure Physics RAS, 142190 Troitsk Moscow Region, Russia
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25
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Fluorescence studies on local density change in supercritical CO2 mixtures using the order parameter model. J Supercrit Fluids 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2010.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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