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Svobodova-Sedlackova A, Calderón A, Barreneche C, Gamallo P, Fernández AI. Understanding the abnormal thermal behavior of nanofluids through infrared thermography and thermo-physical characterization. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4879. [PMID: 33649368 PMCID: PMC7921407 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84292-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanofluids (NFs) are colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles (NPs) within a base fluid. Unlike conventional mixtures, NFs exhibit dramatically enhanced properties, such as an abnormal increase in heat capacity at low concentration of NPs (e.g., Cp values 30% higher than the base material value). Understanding the thermo-physical behavior of NFs is essential for their application as thermal energy storage systems. In this study, we analyze a sodium nitrate ionic system containing 1 wt%, 3 wt% and 7 wt% of SiO2 NPs with different techniques like infrared thermography, infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in order to shed light on the mechanism behind the increase of Cp. The themographies reveal the presence of a colder layer on top of the NF with 1 wt% of NPs whereas this layer does not appear at higher concentrations of NPs. The IR spectrum of this foamy top layer evidences the high amount of SiO2 bonds suggesting the clustering of the NPs into this layer linked by the nitrate ions. The linking is enhanced by the presence of hydroxyls in the NPs' surface (i.e., hydroxilated NPs) that once mixed in the NF suffer ionic exchange between OH- and NO3- species, leading to O2-Si-O-NO2 species at the interface where a thermal boundary resistance or Kapitza resistance appears (RT = 2.2 m2 K kW-1). Moreover, the presence of an exothermic reactive processes in the calorimetry of the mixture with 1 wt% of NPs evidences a reactive process (ionic exchange). These factors contribute to the heat capacity increase and thus, they explain the anomalous behavior of the heat capacity in nanofluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Svobodova-Sedlackova
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franqués 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional, IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franqués 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Calderón
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franqués 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Camila Barreneche
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franqués 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Gamallo
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franqués 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional, IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franqués 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Inés Fernández
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franqués 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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Montazeri K, Abdolhosseini Qomi MJ, Won Y. Solid-like Behaviors Govern Evaporative Transport in Adsorbed Water Nanofilms. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:53416-53424. [PMID: 33191726 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The thermophysical attributes of water molecules confined in a sub-nanometer thickness significantly differ from those in bulk liquid where their molecular behaviors start governing interfacial physics at the nanoscale. In this study, we elucidate nanothin film evaporation by employing a computational approach from a molecular perspective. As the liquid thickness decreases, the solid-like characteristics of adsorbed water nanofilms make the resistance at solid-liquid interfaces or Kapitza resistance significant. Kapitza resistances not only show a strong correlation with the surface wettability but also dominate the overall thermal resistance during evaporation rather than the resistance at evaporating liquid-vapor interfaces. Once the liquid thickness reaches the critical value of 0.5-0.6 nm, the evaporation kinetics is suppressed due to the excessive forces between the liquid and solid atoms. The understanding of molecular-level behaviors explains how a hydrophilic surface plays a role in determining evaporation rates from an atomistic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Montazeri
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | | | - Yoonjin Won
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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Hasan MR, Vo TQ, Kim B. Manipulating thermal resistance at the solid–fluid interface through monolayer deposition. RSC Adv 2019; 9:4948-4956. [PMID: 35514672 PMCID: PMC9060757 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08390h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat transfer across an interface between a monolayer coated solid substrate and fluid has been extensively analyzed through a series of non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. The effect of the monolayer was studied by varying its atomic mass (mM) and interaction energy between monolayer particles (εMM). Even though the fluid adsorption plays a role in heat transfer at the solid–fluid interface, we found that the interfacial thermal resistance (Kapitza resistance) is highly affected by the insertion of monolayer without any further change in the liquid structure near the solid surface. The Kapitza length monotonically increases with the increase of mM irrespective of εMM. The observations were explained by analysis of the overlap of the phonon spectrum at the interface using vibrational density of states. The effect of the monolayer on the Kapitza length was summarized by a fourth polynomial function that demonstrates the contribution of both mM and εMM with respect to each other on the Kapitza resistance within the parametric range studied. At the interface between monolayer coated solid substrate and fluid, the effect of interfacial mismatch on Kapitza length due to the monolayer particles has been extensively analyzed through a series of non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Truong Quoc Vo
- University of Kaiserslautern
- Laboratory of Engineering Thermodynamics
- Kaiserslautern 67663
- Germany
| | - BoHung Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Ulsan
- Ulsan 680-749
- South Korea
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Tascini AS, Armstrong J, Chiavazzo E, Fasano M, Asinari P, Bresme F. Thermal transport across nanoparticle-fluid interfaces: the interplay of interfacial curvature and nanoparticle-fluid interactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:3244-3253. [PMID: 28083587 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp06403e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the general dependence of the thermal transport across nanoparticle-fluid interfaces using molecular dynamics computations. We show that the thermal conductance depends strongly both on the wetting characteristics of the nanoparticle-fluid interface and on the nanoparticle size. Strong nanoparticle-fluid interactions, leading to full wetting states in the host fluid, result in high thermal conductances and efficient interfacial transport of heat. Weak interactions result in partial drying or full drying states, and low thermal conductances. The variation of the thermal conductance with particle size is found to depend on the fluid-nanoparticle interactions. Strong interactions coupled with large interfacial curvatures lead to optimum interfacial heat transport. This complex dependence can be modelled using an equation that includes the interfacial curvature as a parameter. In this way, we rationalise the existing experimental and computer simulation results and show that the thermal transport across nanoscale interfaces is determined by the correlations of both interfacial curvature and nanoparticle-fluid interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeff Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK. and ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, UK
| | | | - Matteo Fasano
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Torino, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Pietro Asinari
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Torino, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Fernando Bresme
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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Vo TQ, Kim B. Physical origins of temperature continuity at an interface between a crystal and its melt. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:034703. [PMID: 29352797 DOI: 10.1063/1.5004545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We justify and discuss the physical origins for the assumption of temperature continuity at crystal/melt interfaces by performing atomistic simulations. We additionally answer why the crystal/melt interfaces differ from the typical solid/liquid interfaces, which usually exhibit dissimilarities and a resulting temperature drop. We present results for pure silver modeled using the embedded-atom method and Lennard-Jones potential function and contrast the results with each other. We find that the temperature continuity at an interface between a crystal and its melt originates from the perfect vibrational coupling, which is caused by the interfacial structural diffusivity. This study provides fundamental insights into the heat transfer for cases of extremely large heat flux and thermal gradients occurring during rapid melting and solidification. The findings additionally determine the role of rough surfaces in manipulating the thermal conductance in nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truong Quoc Vo
- Laboratory of Engineering Thermodynamics (LTD), University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrodinger-Str. 44, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany
| | - BoHung Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 93, Namgu, Ulsan 680-749, South Korea
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Zhang P, Yuan P, Jiang X, Zhai S, Zeng J, Xian Y, Qin H, Yang D. A Theoretical Review on Interfacial Thermal Transport at the Nanoscale. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:1702769. [PMID: 29226601 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201702769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
With the development of energy science and electronic technology, interfacial thermal transport has become a key issue for nanoelectronics, nanocomposites, energy transmission, and conservation, etc. The application of thermal interfacial materials and other physical methods can reliably improve the contact between joined surfaces and enhance interfacial thermal transport at the macroscale. With the growing importance of thermal management in micro/nanoscale devices, controlling and tuning the interfacial thermal resistance (ITR) at the nanoscale is an urgent task. This Review examines nanoscale interfacial thermal transport mainly from a theoretical perspective. Traditional theoretical models, multiscale models, and atomistic methodologies for predicting ITR are introduced. Based on the analysis and summary of the factors that influence ITR, new methods to control and reduce ITR at the nanoscale are described in detail. Furthermore, the challenges facing interfacial thermal management and the further progress required in this field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Guangxi's Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Systems and Advanced Manufacturing Technology, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, No. 1 Jinji Road, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No. 268 Donghuan Road, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545006, China
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Jiangsu, 210094, China
| | - Peng Yuan
- Guangxi's Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Systems and Advanced Manufacturing Technology, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, No. 1 Jinji Road, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Xiong Jiang
- Guangxi's Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Systems and Advanced Manufacturing Technology, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, No. 1 Jinji Road, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Siping Zhai
- Guangxi's Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Systems and Advanced Manufacturing Technology, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, No. 1 Jinji Road, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Jianhua Zeng
- Guangxi's Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Systems and Advanced Manufacturing Technology, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, No. 1 Jinji Road, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Yaoqi Xian
- Guangxi's Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Systems and Advanced Manufacturing Technology, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, No. 1 Jinji Road, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Hongbo Qin
- Guangxi's Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Systems and Advanced Manufacturing Technology, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, No. 1 Jinji Road, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Daoguo Yang
- Guangxi's Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Systems and Advanced Manufacturing Technology, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, No. 1 Jinji Road, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
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Zhang XX, Ai LQ, Chen M, Xiong DX. Thermal conductive performance of deposited amorphous carbon materials by molecular dynamics simulation. Mol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2017.1288940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Xiong Zhang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Li-Qiang Ai
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Da-Xi Xiong
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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Sääskilahti K, Oksanen J, Tulkki J, Volz S. Spectral mapping of heat transfer mechanisms at liquid-solid interfaces. Phys Rev E 2016; 93:052141. [PMID: 27300863 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.93.052141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Thermal transport through liquid-solid interfaces plays an important role in many chemical and biological processes, and better understanding of liquid-solid energy transfer is expected to enable improving the efficiency of thermally driven applications. We determine the spectral distribution of thermal current at liquid-solid interfaces from nonequilibrium molecular dynamics, delivering a detailed picture of the contributions of different vibrational modes to liquid-solid energy transfer. Our results show that surface modes located at the Brillouin zone edge and polarized along the liquid-solid surface normal play a crucial role in liquid-solid energy transfer. Strong liquid-solid adhesion allows also for the coupling of in-plane polarized modes in the solid with the liquid, enhancing the heat-transfer rate and enabling efficient energy transfer up to the cutoff frequency of the solid. Our results provide fundamental understanding of the energy-transfer mechanisms in liquid-solid systems and enable detailed investigations of energy transfer between, e.g., water and organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sääskilahti
- Engineered Nanosystems group, School of Science, Aalto University, P.O. Box 12200, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - J Oksanen
- Engineered Nanosystems group, School of Science, Aalto University, P.O. Box 12200, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - J Tulkki
- Engineered Nanosystems group, School of Science, Aalto University, P.O. Box 12200, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - S Volz
- École Centrale Paris, Grande Voie des Vignes, 92295 Châtenay-Malabry, France
- CNRS, UPR 288 Laboratoire d'Energétique Moléculaire et Macroscopique, Combustion (EM2C), Grande Voie des Vignes, 92295 Châtenay-Malabry, France
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