1
|
Complex plasma research under microgravity conditions. NPJ Microgravity 2023; 9:13. [PMID: 36750724 PMCID: PMC9905515 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-023-00261-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The future of complex plasma research under microgravity condition, in particular on the International Space Station ISS, is discussed. First, the importance of this research and the benefit of microgravity investigations are summarized. Next, the key knowledge gaps, which could be topics of future microgravity research are identified. Here not only fundamental aspects are proposed but also important applications for lunar exploration as well as artificial intelligence technology are discussed. Finally, short, middle and long-term recommendations for complex plasma research under microgravity are given.
Collapse
|
2
|
Berumen J, Goree J. Experiment and model for a Stokes layer in a strongly coupled dusty plasma. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:035208. [PMID: 34654083 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.035208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A Stokes layer, which is a flow pattern that arises in a viscous fluid adjacent to an oscillatory boundary, was observed in an experiment using a two-dimensional strongly coupled dusty plasma. Liquid conditions were maintained using laser heating, while a separate laser manipulation applied an oscillatory shear that was localized and sinusoidal. The evolution of the resulting flow was analyzed using space-time diagrams. These figures provide an intuitive visualization of a Stokes layer, including features such as the depth of penetration and wavelength. Another feature, the characteristic speed for the penetration of the oscillatory flow, also appears prominently in space-time diagrams. To model the experiment, the Maxwell-fluid model of a Stokes layer was generalized to describe a two-phase liquid. In our experiment, the phases were gas and dust, where the dust cloud was viscoelastic due to strong Coulomb coupling. The model is found to agree with the experiment, in the appearance of the space-time diagrams, and in the values of the characteristic speed, depth of penetration, and wavelength.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Berumen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - J Goree
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zampetaki AV, Huang H, Du CR, Löwen H, Ivlev AV. Buckling of two-dimensional plasma crystals with nonreciprocal interactions. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:043204. [PMID: 33212619 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.043204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Laboratory realizations of two-dimensional (2D) plasma crystals typically involve monodisperse microparticles confined into horizontal monolayers in radio-frequency (rf) plasma sheaths. This gives rise to the so-called plasma wakes beneath the microparticles. The presence of wakes renders the interactions in such systems nonreciprocal, a fact that can lead to a quite different behavior from the one expected for their reciprocal counterparts. Here we examine the buckling of a hexagonal 2D plasma crystal, occurring as the confinement strength is decreased, taking explicitly into account the nonreciprocity of the system via a well-established point-wake model. We observe that for a finite wake charge, the monolayer hexagonal crystal undergoes a transition first to a bilayer hexagonal structure, unrealizable in harmonically confined reciprocal Yukawa systems, and subsequently to a bilayer square structure. Our theoretical results are confirmed by molecular dynamics simulations for experimentally relevant parameters, indicating the potential of their observation in state-of-the-art experiments with 2D complex plasmas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A V Zampetaki
- Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, 85741 Garching, Germany.,Institut für Theoretische Physik II, Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - H Huang
- College of Science, Donghua University, 201620 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - C-R Du
- College of Science, Donghua University, 201620 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - H Löwen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II, Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A V Ivlev
- Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, 85741 Garching, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Grain growth under shear annealing is crucial for controlling the properties of polycrystalline materials. However, their microscopic kinetics are not well understood because individual atomic trajectories are difficult to track. Here, we study grain growth with single-particle kinetics in colloidal polycrystals using video microscopy. Rich grain-growth phenomena are revealed in three shear regimes, including the normal grain growth (NGG) in weak shear melting-recrystallization process in strong shear. For intermediate shear, early stage NGG is arrested by built-up stress and eventually gives way to dynamic abnormal grain growth (DAGG). We find that DAGG occurs via a melting-recrystallization process, which naturally explains the puzzling stress drop at the onset of DAGG in metals. Moreover, we visualize that grain boundary (GB) migration is coupled with shear via disconnection gliding. The disconnection-gliding dynamics and the collective motions of ambient particles are resolved. We also observed that grain rotation can violate the conventional relation [Formula: see text] (R is the grain radius, and θ is the misorientation angle between two grains) by emission and annihilation of dislocations across the grain, resulting in a step-by-step rotation. Besides grain growth, we discover a result in shear-induced melting: The melting volume fraction varies sinusoidally on the angle mismatch between the triangular lattice orientation of the grain and the shear direction. These discoveries hold potential to inform microstructure engineering of polycrystalline materials.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang K, Huang D, Feng Y. Shear modulus of two-dimensional Yukawa or dusty-plasma solids obtained from the viscoelasticity in the liquid state. Phys Rev E 2019; 99:063206. [PMID: 31330584 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.99.063206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Langevin dynamical simulations of two-dimensional (2D) Yukawa liquids are performed to investigate the shear modulus of 2D solid dusty plasmas. Using the known transverse sound speeds, we obtain a theoretical expression of the shear modulus of 2D Yukawa crystals as a function of the screening parameter κ, which can be used as the candidate of their shear modulus. The shear relaxation modulus G(t) of 2D Yukawa liquids is calculated from the shear stress autocorrelation function, consisting of the kinetic, potential, and cross portions. Due to their viscoelasticity, 2D Yukawa liquids exhibit the typical elastic property when the time duration is much less than the Maxwell relaxation time. As a result, the infinite frequency shear modulus G_{∞}, i.e., the shear relaxation modulus G(t) when t=0, of a 2D Yukawa liquid should be related to the shear modulus of the corresponding quenched 2D Yukawa solid (with the same κ value), with all particles suddenly frozen at their locations of the liquid state. It is found that the potential portion of the infinite frequency shear modulus for 2D Yukawa liquids at any temperature well agrees with the shear modulus of 2D Yukawa crystals with the same κ obtained from the transverse sound speeds. Thus, we find that the shear modulus of 2D Yukawa solids can be obtained from the motion of individual particles of the corresponding Yukawa liquids using their viscoelastic property.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wang
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Dong Huang
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Haralson Z, Goree J. Overestimation of Viscosity by the Green-Kubo Method in a Dusty Plasma Experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:195001. [PMID: 28548538 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.195001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Green-Kubo (GK) method is widely used in simulations of strongly coupled plasmas to obtain the viscosity coefficient. However, the method's applicability, which is often taken for granted, has not been tested experimentally. We report an experimental test using a two-dimensional strongly coupled dusty plasma. We find that the GK viscosity is ≈60% larger than the result of a benchmark hydrodynamic method, obtained in the same experiment with the same conditions except for the presence of shear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zach Haralson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - J Goree
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pustylnik MY, Fink MA, Nosenko V, Antonova T, Hagl T, Thomas HM, Zobnin AV, Lipaev AM, Usachev AD, Molotkov VI, Petrov OF, Fortov VE, Rau C, Deysenroth C, Albrecht S, Kretschmer M, Thoma MH, Morfill GE, Seurig R, Stettner A, Alyamovskaya VA, Orr A, Kufner E, Lavrenko EG, Padalka GI, Serova EO, Samokutyayev AM, Christoforetti S. Plasmakristall-4: New complex (dusty) plasma laboratory on board the International Space Station. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:093505. [PMID: 27782568 DOI: 10.1063/1.4962696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
New complex-plasma facility, Plasmakristall-4 (PK-4), has been recently commissioned on board the International Space Station. In complex plasmas, the subsystem of μm-sized microparticles immersed in low-pressure weakly ionized gas-discharge plasmas becomes strongly coupled due to the high (103-104 e) electric charge on the microparticle surface. The microparticle subsystem of complex plasmas is available for the observation at the kinetic level, which makes complex plasmas appropriate for particle-resolved modeling of classical condensed matter phenomena. The main purpose of PK-4 is the investigation of flowing complex plasmas. To generate plasma, PK-4 makes use of a classical dc discharge in a glass tube, whose polarity can be switched with the frequency of the order of 100 Hz. This frequency is high enough not to be felt by the relatively heavy microparticles. The duty cycle of the polarity switching can be also varied allowing to vary the drift velocity of the microparticles and (when necessary) to trap them. The facility is equipped with two videocameras and illumination laser for the microparticle imaging, kaleidoscopic plasma glow observation system and minispectrometer for plasma diagnostics and various microparticle manipulation devices (e.g., powerful manipulation laser). Scientific experiments are programmed in the form of scripts written with the help of specially developed C scripting language libraries. PK-4 is mainly operated from the ground (control center CADMOS in Toulouse, France) with the support of the space station crew. Data recorded during the experiments are later on delivered to the ground on the removable hard disk drives and distributed to participating scientists for the detailed analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Y Pustylnik
- Forschungsgruppe Komplexe Plasmen, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Münchener Straße 20, 82234 Weßling, Germany
| | - M A Fink
- Forschungsgruppe Komplexe Plasmen, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Münchener Straße 20, 82234 Weßling, Germany
| | - V Nosenko
- Forschungsgruppe Komplexe Plasmen, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Münchener Straße 20, 82234 Weßling, Germany
| | - T Antonova
- Forschungsgruppe Komplexe Plasmen, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Münchener Straße 20, 82234 Weßling, Germany
| | - T Hagl
- Forschungsgruppe Komplexe Plasmen, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Münchener Straße 20, 82234 Weßling, Germany
| | - H M Thomas
- Forschungsgruppe Komplexe Plasmen, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Münchener Straße 20, 82234 Weßling, Germany
| | - A V Zobnin
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhorskaya 13/19, 125412 Moscow, Russia
| | - A M Lipaev
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhorskaya 13/19, 125412 Moscow, Russia
| | - A D Usachev
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhorskaya 13/19, 125412 Moscow, Russia
| | - V I Molotkov
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhorskaya 13/19, 125412 Moscow, Russia
| | - O F Petrov
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhorskaya 13/19, 125412 Moscow, Russia
| | - V E Fortov
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhorskaya 13/19, 125412 Moscow, Russia
| | - C Rau
- Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Giessenbachstraße 1, 85741 Garching, Germany
| | - C Deysenroth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Giessenbachstraße 1, 85741 Garching, Germany
| | - S Albrecht
- Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Giessenbachstraße 1, 85741 Garching, Germany
| | - M Kretschmer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Univerität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - M H Thoma
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Univerität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - G E Morfill
- Terraplasma GmbH, Lichtenbergstraße 8, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - R Seurig
- OHB System AG, Manfred-Fuchs-Straße 1, 82234 Weßling, Germany
| | - A Stettner
- OHB System AG, Manfred-Fuchs-Straße 1, 82234 Weßling, Germany
| | - V A Alyamovskaya
- S.P. Korolev RSC "Energia," 4A Lenin Street, 141070 Korolev, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - A Orr
- European Space Research and Technology Centre, European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - E Kufner
- European Space Research and Technology Centre, European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - E G Lavrenko
- Central Research Institute for Machine Building (TsNIIMash), Pioneer Street 4, 141070 Korolev, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - G I Padalka
- Gagarin Research and Test Cosmonaut Training Center, 141160 Star City, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - E O Serova
- Gagarin Research and Test Cosmonaut Training Center, 141160 Star City, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - A M Samokutyayev
- Gagarin Research and Test Cosmonaut Training Center, 141160 Star City, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - S Christoforetti
- European Astronaut Center, European Space Agency, Linder Höhe, 51147 Köln, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Weber M, Fink M, Fortov V, Lipaev A, Molotkov V, Morfill G, Petrov O, Pustylnik M, Thoma M, Thomas H, Usachev A, Raeth C. Assessing particle kinematics via template matching algorithms. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:7987-8012. [PMID: 27137240 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.007987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Template matching algorithms represent a viable tool to locate particles in optical images. A crucial factor of the performance of these methods is the choice of the similarity measure. Recently, it was shown in [Gao and Helgeson, Opt. Express 22 (2014)] that the correlation coefficient (CC) leads to good results. Here, we introduce the mutual information (MI) as a nonlinear similarity measure and compare the performance of the MI and the CC for different noise scenarios. It turns out that the mutual information leads to superior results in the case of signal dependent noise. We propose a novel approach to estimate the velocity of particles which is applicable in imaging scenarios where the particles appear elongated due to their movement. By designing a bank of anisotropic templates supposed to fit the elongation of the particles we are able to reliably estimate their velocity and direction of motion out of a single image.
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang C, Wang W, I L. Avalanche structural rearrangement through cracking-healing in weakly stressed cold dusty plasma liquids. Phys Rev E 2016; 93:013202. [PMID: 26871178 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.93.013202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally investigate the spatiotemporal dynamical behaviors of the avalanche structural rearrangement through micro-cracking-healing in weakly stressed cold dusty plasma liquids, and the kinetic origins for their different spatial and temporal classifications. The crystalline ordered domains can be cracked or temporarily sustain and transfer the weak stress to remote regions for cracking-healing. It is found that cracking sites form a fractal network with cluster size following power law distribution in the xyt space. The histograms of the persistent times for sustaining regional ordered and disordered structure, the temporal cracking burst width, and quiescent time between two bursts all follow power law decays with fast descending tails. Cracking can be classified into a single temporal burst with simple line like spatial patterns and the successive cracking fluctuation with densely packed cracking clusters. For an ordered region, whether the Burgers vectors of the incoming dislocations from the boundary allow direct dislocation reduction is the key for the above two classifications through cracking a large ordered domain into medium scale corotating ordered domains or small patches. The low regional structural order at the end of a cracking burst can be regarded as an alarm for predicting the short quiescent period before the next cracking burst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Yang
- Department of Physics and Center for Complex Systems, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan 320, Republic of China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Physics and Center for Complex Systems, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan 320, Republic of China
| | - Lin I
- Department of Physics and Center for Complex Systems, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan 320, Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Thomsen H, Bonitz M. Resolving structural transitions in spherical dust clusters. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 91:043104. [PMID: 25974599 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.91.043104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Finite systems in confining potentials are known to undergo structural transitions similar to phase transitions. However, these systems are inhomogeneous, and their "melting" point may depend on the position in the trap and vary with the particle number. Focusing on three-dimensional Coulomb systems in a harmonic trap a rich physics is revealed: in addition to radial melting we demonstrate the existence of intrashell disordering and intershell angular melting. Our analysis takes advantage of a novel melting criterion that is based on the spatial two- and three-particle distribution functions and the associated reduced entropy which can be directly measured in complex plasma experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Thomsen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - M Bonitz
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hartmann P, Kovács AZ, Douglass AM, Reyes JC, Matthews LS, Hyde TW. Slow plastic creep of 2D dusty plasma solids. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:025002. [PMID: 25062196 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.025002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report complex plasma experiments, assisted by numerical simulations, providing an alternative qualitative link between the macroscopic response of polycrystalline solid matter to small shearing forces and the possible underlying microscopic processes. In the stationary creep regime we have determined the exponents of the shear rate dependence of the shear stress and defect density, being α=1.15±0.1 and β=2.4±0.4, respectively. We show that the formation and rapid glide motion of dislocation pairs in the lattice are dominant processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Hartmann
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O.Box. 49, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary and Center for Astrophysics, Space Physics and Engineering Research (CASPER), One Bear Place 97310, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, USA
| | - Anikó Zs Kovács
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O.Box. 49, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Angela M Douglass
- Ouachita Baptist University, 410 Ouachita Street, Arkadelphia, Arkansas 71923, USA
| | - Jorge C Reyes
- Center for Astrophysics, Space Physics and Engineering Research (CASPER), One Bear Place 97310, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, USA
| | - Lorin S Matthews
- Center for Astrophysics, Space Physics and Engineering Research (CASPER), One Bear Place 97310, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, USA
| | - Truell W Hyde
- Center for Astrophysics, Space Physics and Engineering Research (CASPER), One Bear Place 97310, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Yang C, I L. Stress-induced microcracking and cooperative motion of cold dusty plasma liquids. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 89:041102. [PMID: 24827183 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.89.041102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the microresponse of the quasi-two-dimensional dusty plasma liquid around freezing to the shear force from a laser beam through the center of the liquid cluster. It is found that the cold liquid can be viewed as a patchwork of crystalline ordered domains (CODs) which are solidlike but can be cracked and rearranged by weak thermal agitation and external stress, through COD rotations and drifting. Under weak external stress comparable to thermal agitation, the laser zone is not the preferred region mastering cracking initiation. CODs in the laser zone can either break locally, or sustain and propagate the stress to remote regions for cracking, in the form of intermittent bursts. The COD rotation and drifting induced by the persistent torques and momentum from the stress causes the formation of the center shear band with a higher longitudinal speed. Increasing stress can enhance cracking initiation around the shear zone and then spread to other remote regions. It deteriorates the local structural order and causes strong shear banding dominated by longitudinal cooperative hopping.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Yang
- Department of Physics and Center for Complex Systems, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan 32001, Republic of China
| | - Lin I
- Department of Physics and Center for Complex Systems, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan 32001, Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Schwabe M, Zhdanov S, Räth C, Graves DB, Thomas HM, Morfill GE. Collective effects in vortex movements in complex plasmas. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:115002. [PMID: 24702381 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.115002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We study the onset and characteristics of vortices in complex (dusty) plasmas using two-dimensional simulations in a setup modeled after the PK-3 Plus laboratory. A small number of microparticles initially self-arranges in a monolayer around the void. As additional particles are introduced, an extended system of vortices develops due to a nonzero curl of the plasma forces. We demonstrate a shear-thinning effect in the vortices. Velocity structure functions and the energy and enstrophy spectra show that vortex flow turbulence is present that is in essence of the "classical" Kolmogorov type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mierk Schwabe
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, P.O. Box 1312, Giessenbachstraße, 85741 Garching, Germany
| | - Sergey Zhdanov
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, P.O. Box 1312, Giessenbachstraße, 85741 Garching, Germany
| | - Christoph Räth
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, P.O. Box 1312, Giessenbachstraße, 85741 Garching, Germany
| | - David B Graves
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Hubertus M Thomas
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, P.O. Box 1312, Giessenbachstraße, 85741 Garching, Germany
| | - Gregor E Morfill
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, P.O. Box 1312, Giessenbachstraße, 85741 Garching, Germany
| |
Collapse
|