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Gjennestad MA, Wilhelmsen Ø. Thermodynamic Stability of Volatile Droplets and Thin Films Governed by Disjoining Pressure in Open and Closed Containers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:7879-7893. [PMID: 32519871 PMCID: PMC7467777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Distributed thin films of water and their coexistence with droplets are investigated using a capillary description based on a thermodynamic fundamental relation for the film Helmholtz energy, derived from disjoining pressure isotherms and an accurate equation of state. Gas-film and film-solid interfacial tensions are derived, and the latter has a dependence on film thickness. The resulting energy functionals from the capillary description are discretized, and stationary states are identified. The thermodynamic stability of configurations with thin films in systems that are closed (canonical ensemble) or connected to a particle reservoir (grand canonical ensemble) is evaluated by considering the eigenvalues of the corresponding Hessian matrices. The conventional stability criterion from the literature states that thin flat films are stable when the derivative of the disjoining pressure with respect to the film thickness is negative. This criterion is found to apply only in open systems. A closer inspection of the eigenvectors of the negative eigenvalues shows that condensation/evaporation destabilizes the film in an open system. In closed systems, thin films can be stable even though the disjoining pressure derivative is positive, and their stability is governed by mechanical instabilities of a similar kind to those responsible for spinodal dewetting in nonvolatile systems. The films are stabilized when their thickness and disjoining pressure derivative are such that the minimum unstable wavelength is larger than the container diameter. Droplets in coexistence with thin films are found to be unstable for all considered examples in open systems. In closed systems, they are found to be stable under certain conditions. The unstable droplets in both open and closed systems are saddle points in their respective energy landscapes. In the closed system, they represent the activation barrier for the transition between a stable film and a stable droplet. In the open system, the unstable droplets represent the activation barrier for the transition from a film into a bulk liquid phase. Thin films are found to be the equilibrium configuration up to a certain value of the total density in a closed system. Beyond this value, there is a morphological phase transition to stable droplet configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Aa. Gjennestad
- PoreLab/Department
of Physics, Norwegian University of Science
and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Øivind Wilhelmsen
- PoreLab/SINTEF
Energy Research, 7034 Trondheim, Norway
- Department
of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian
University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Liu Q, Gao M, Zhao Y, Li J, Qu C, Zhang J, Chen G. Synthesis and Interfacial Activity of a New Quaternary Ammonium Surfactant as an oil/gas field chemical. TENSIDE SURFACT DET 2020. [DOI: 10.3139/113.110665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cationic quaternary ammonium surfactant s are widely applied in many fields, such as detergent, cosmetics, petroleum and natural gas industries. However, the study of the effect of anion on cationic surfactants is rare. To research the influence of anions on the surface properties, a cationic surfactant was prepared, (cetyltrimethyl ammonium isonicotinate, CTAIN), and the surface properties were studied, including surface tension, critical micelle concentration, foaming ability and stability, and corrosion inhibition. The results indicated that the minimum surface tension of CTAIN is lower than that of CTAC, the foaming ability and foaming stability of CTAIN is higher than that of CTAC, and the corrosion inhibition efficiency on mild steel of CTAC is more potent than that of CTAIN. All the results indicate that the new cationic quaternary ammonium surfactant is a useful surfactant in the related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaona Liu
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields , Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, 710065 , China
| | - Minlan Gao
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields , Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, 710065 , China
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control , CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology, Beijing, 102206 , China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Shaanxi Environmental Protection Company , Xi'an, 710068 , China
| | - Jinling Li
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields , Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, 710065 , China
| | - Chengtun Qu
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields , Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, 710065 , China
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control , CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology, Beijing, 102206 , China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields , Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, 710065 , China
| | - Gang Chen
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields , Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, 710065 , China
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control , CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology, Beijing, 102206 , China
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Perazzo CA, Mac Intyre JR, Gomba JM. Analytical solutions for the profile of two-dimensional droplets with finite-length precursor films. Phys Rev E 2017; 96:063109. [PMID: 29347321 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.96.063109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
By means of the lubrication approximation we obtain the full family of static bidimensional profiles of a liquid resting on a substrate under partial-wetting conditions imposed by a disjoining-conjoining pressure. We show that for a set of quite general disjoining-conjoining pressure potentials, the free surface can adopt only five nontrivial static patterns; in particular, we find solutions when the height goes to zero which describe satisfactorily the complete free surface for a finite amount of fluid deposited on a substrate. To test the extension of the applicability of our solutions, we compare them with those obtained when the lubrication approximations are not employed and under conditions where the lubrication hypothesis are not strictly valid, and also with axisymmetric solutions. For a given disjoining-conjoining potential, we report a new analytical solution that accounts for all the five possible solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Alberto Perazzo
- IMeTTyB, Universidad Favaloro-CONICET, Solís 453, C1078AAI Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Física y Química, FICEN, Universidad Favaloro, Sarmiento 1853, C1044AAA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J R Mac Intyre
- Instituto de Física Arroyo Seco IFAS (UNCPBA) and CIFICEN (UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET), Pinto 399, 7000, Tandil, Argentina
| | - J M Gomba
- Instituto de Física Arroyo Seco IFAS (UNCPBA) and CIFICEN (UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET), Pinto 399, 7000, Tandil, Argentina
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Zwitterionic ring-opening polymerization for the facile, efficient and versatile grafting of functional polyethers onto graphene sheets. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Perazzo CA, Mac Intyre JR, Gomba JM. Final state of a perturbed liquid film inside a container under the effect of solid-liquid molecular forces and gravity. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 89:043010. [PMID: 24827335 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.89.043010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigate theoretically the possible final stationary configurations that can be reached by a laterally confined uniform liquid film inside a container. The liquid is under the action of gravity, surface tension, and the molecular interaction with the solid substrate. We study the case when the container is in an upright position as well as when it is turned upside down. The governing parameters of the problem are the initial thickness of the film, the size of the recipient that contains the liquid, and a dimensionless number that quantifies the relative strength of gravity with respect to the molecular interaction. The uniform film is always a possible final state and depending on the value of the parameters, up to three different additional final states may exist, each one consisting in a droplet surrounded by a thin film. We derive analytical expressions for the energy of these possible final configurations and from these we analyze which state is indeed reached. A uniform thin film may show three different behaviors after a perturbation: The system recovers its initial shape after any perturbation, the fluid evolves towards a drop (if more than one is possible, it tends toward that with the thinnest precursor film) for any perturbation, or the system ends as a uniform film or a drop depending on the details of the perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Alberto Perazzo
- Departamento de Física y Química, Universidad Favaloro, Solís 453, 1078 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J R Mac Intyre
- Department of Physics, Instituto de Física Arroyo Seco, UNCPBA, Pinto 399, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - J M Gomba
- Department of Physics, Instituto de Física Arroyo Seco, UNCPBA, Pinto 399, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
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