1
|
Kumaki J. In Situ Real-Time Atomic Force Microscopy Observation of the Surface Mobility on Each Domain of a Polystyrene- b-poly(methyl methacrylate) Film at High Temperatures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:12974-12986. [PMID: 38857434 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The surface chain movements within the microdomains of a polystyrene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA) and corresponding homopolymer films were observed via in situ real-time atomic force microscopy (AFM) at high temperatures and analyzed quantitatively using particle image velocimetry (PIV). At low temperatures, mobility within the PS microdomains resembled that within the PS homopolymer film, but movements in the PMMA microdomains were notably accelerated compared to the PMMA homopolymer. Conversely, at high temperatures, mobility within both PS and PMMA microdomains was considerably suppressed compared to their respective homopolymer films, likely owing to the fixed linkage of the block chains at the microdomain interface. This combination of real-time AFM observation and PIV analysis is an effective method for quantitatively evaluating surface chain mobility in real space.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiro Kumaki
- Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xu J, Bai L, Ren W, Zhu H, Zhou X, Zhang C, Wang X. Flattened chains dominate the adsorption dynamics of loosely adsorbed chains on modified planar substrates. SOFT MATTER 2023; 20:201-211. [PMID: 38078383 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01339a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the adsorption of polystyrene (PS) on phenyl-modified SiO2-Si substrates was investigated. Different from those for PS adsorption on a neat SiO2-Si substrate, the growth rate (vads) in the linear regime and hads/Rg (hads, thickness of flattened and loosely adsorbed layers on the substrate; Rg, radius of gyration) declined with increasing molecular weight (Mw) of PS and the phenyl content on the modified substrates, while the thickness of the flattened layer (hflat) and its coverage increased with increasing phenyl content. The results indicated that the adsorption of loose chains was controlled by the adsorption of flattened chains, as it only occurred in the empty contact sites remaining after the adsorption of flattened chains. Before approaching quasi-equilibrium (t < tcross), the number of flattened chain contact sites increased due to an enthalpically favorable process and, correspondingly, their spatial positions dynamically changed, which perturbed the adsorption of loose chains. When the adsorption of flattened chains reached quasi-equilibrium (t > tcross), the adsorption of loose chains was determined by the empty contact sites. The coverage of flattened chains and time to reach quasi-equilibrium were increased with more phenyl groups on the substrate, enhancing π-π interfacial interactions and resulting in a decreased adsorption rate and fewer loosely adsorbed chains. Mw-dependent vads and hads/Rg differed on phenyl-modified substrates compared to the neat SiO2-Si substrate owing to fewer empty contact sites for loose chains. The study findings improve our understanding of the mechanism responsible for the formation and structure of the adsorbed layer on solid surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianquan Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Lu Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Weizhao Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Huifeng Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Xianjing Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Cuiyun Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Xinping Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu J, Guo X, Guo H, Zhang Y, Wang X. Exploring the Molecular Origin for the Long-Range Propagation of the Substrate Effect in Unentangled Poly(methyl methacrylate) Films. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4655. [PMID: 38139907 PMCID: PMC10748294 DOI: 10.3390/polym15244655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The polymer/substrate interface plays a significant role in the dynamics of nanoconfined polymers because of its suppression on polymer mobility and its long-range propagation feature, while the molecular origin of the long-range substrate effect in unentangled polymer material is still ambiguous. Herein, we investigated the propagation distances of the substrate effect (h*) by a fluorinated tracer-labeled method of two unentangled polymer films supported on silicon substrates: linear and ring poly(methyl methacrylate) films with relatively low molecular weights. The results indicate that the value of h* has a molecular weight dependence of h*∝N (N is the degree of polymerization) in the unentangled polymer films, while h*∝N1/2 was presented as previously reported in the entangled films. A theoretical model, depending on the polymer/polymer intermolecular interaction, was proposed to describe the above long-range propagation behavior of the substrate effect and agrees with our experiment results very well. From the model, it revealed that the intermolecular friction determines the long-range propagation of the substrate effect in the unentangled system, but the intermolecular entanglement is the dominant role in entangled system. These results give us a deeper understanding of the long-range substrate effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianquan Xu
- Institute for School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (X.G.); (H.G.); (Y.Z.)
| | | | | | | | - Xinping Wang
- Institute for School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (X.G.); (H.G.); (Y.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Koike K, Kumaki J. Chain Movements at the Topmost Surface of Poly(methyl methacrylate) and Polystyrene Films Directly Evaluated by In Situ High-Temperature Atomic Force Microscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:13707-13719. [PMID: 36318939 PMCID: PMC9671121 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The surfaces of polymeric materials are thermodynamically unstable, and the glass-transition temperature (Tg) is significantly lower than that in the bulk material. However, the mobility of the chains at the top of the surface has never been directly evaluated. In this study, the movements of the topmost chains of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS) bulk films were observed in situ at high temperatures with atomic force microscopy in tapping mode. PMMA and PS chains started moving at ∼97 and ∼50 °C, respectively, which were slightly and significantly below the values of their bulk Tg (PMMA, 108 °C; PS, 104 °C), respectively. The activation energies of the apparent diffusion constants of PMMA and PS, derived by particle image velocimetry analysis, were 193 and 151 kJ mol-1, respectively, and reasonable for the glass transition. Movements of isolated PMMA chains deposited on a PMMA film by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique were also observed and confirmed to be essentially the same as those on the PMMA film surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Koike
- Department of Organic Materials Science,
Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Jiro Kumaki
- Department of Organic Materials Science,
Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu J, Wang X, Bian Z, Wu X, You J, Wang X. Surface crystalline structure of thin poly(l-lactide) films determined by the long-range substrate effect. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
|
6
|
Xu J, Wang X, Chen L, Ao W, Zuo B, Zhang C, Wang X. Spatially Heterogeneous Dynamics in Supported Ultrathin Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Films Depend on the Thicknesses of the Film and the Adsorbed Layer. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianquan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Wentao Ao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Cuiyun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
The lightweight and high-strength functional nanocomposites are important in many practical applications. Natural biomaterials with excellent mechanical properties provide inspiration for improving the performance of composite materials. Previous studies have usually focused on the bionic design of the material's microstructure, sometimes overlooking the importance of the interphase in the nanocomposite system. In this Perspective, we will focus on the construction and control of the interphase in confined space and the connection between the interphase and the macroscopic properties of the materials. We shall survey the current understanding of the critical size of the interphase and discuss the general rules of interphase formation. We hope to raise awareness of the interphase concept and encourage more experimental and simulation studies on this subject, with the aim of an optimal design and controllable preparation of polymer nanocomposite materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Huang
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology
of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People’s Republic
of China
- School
of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Jiajia Zhou
- South
China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School
of Molecular Science and Engineering, South
China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials
and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingjie Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology
of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People’s Republic
of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chain movements of a molecularly flat PMMA substrate surface prepared by thermal imprinting with mica and isolated PMMA chains deposited on the PMMA substrate observed by AFM around the bulk Tg. Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00600-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
9
|
Relaxation behavior of polymer thin films: Effects of free surface, buried interface, and geometrical confinement. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
10
|
Umetsu R, Kumaki J. Thermal stabilities of a molecularly stepped PMMA substrate prepared by thermal nanoimprinting and isolated PMMA chains deposited on it evaluated by high-temperature atomic force microscopy. Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00508-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
11
|
Liu Y, Sakurai K. Thickness Changes in Temperature-Responsive Poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) Ultrathin Films under Ambient Conditions. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:12194-12203. [PMID: 31460334 PMCID: PMC6681975 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report detailed experimental observations of unusual changes in the thickness of solid poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) ultrathin films, which are well known to have temperature-responsive hydrophilic-hydrophobic switching properties. To date, a number of studies have been carried out on the bulk and the brush forms of PNIPAM in contact with liquid water, as well as in highly humid environments, and, recently, these ultrathin films have been preliminarily shown to exhibit temperature responses even under low-humidity, ambient conditions. In this work, the thicknesses of ultrathin PNIPAM films in a temperature/moisture-controlled sample stage were monitored continuously using multichannel X-ray reflectometry. At room temperature, the sample thickness showed an unexpected increase after thermal treatment at 70 °C for 3 h. In the temperature cycle between 15 and 60 °C, heating and cooling resulted in some clear differences. During cooling, initially, the thickness was almost constant but began to increase when the temperature exceeded 33 °C, which corresponds to the lower critical solution temperature (LCST). This observation indicates that the PNIPAM ultrathin film is sensitive to the small amounts of water contained in the air, even under ambient, low-humidity conditions. On the other hand, during heating run from 15 to 60 °C, the humidity dependence was monotonic, and no specific changes in the PNIPAM films were observed at around the LCST. By studying the humidity dependence, we found that the hydrophilic and hydrophobic states of the PNIPAM ultrathin film exhibit different temperature dependence behaviors. In addition, we found that swelling takes place even under low-moisture conditions. To understand the difference in the thickness changes observed on cooling and heating further, some models considering the effect of the boundary conditions in the polymer ultrathin film system were considered. In the case of the ultrathin film, the hydrophilic/hydrophobic switching property occurred only in the surface layer, which dominated the absorption of water molecules from air. In contrast, the interface layer was time-stable and provided an escape route for water molecules during heating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Liu
- University
of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0006, Japan
- National
Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1, Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakurai
- University
of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0006, Japan
- National
Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1, Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu Y, Sakurai K. Slow dynamics in thermal expansion of polyvinyl acetate thin film with interface layer. Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-019-0211-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
13
|
Zuo B, Zhou H, Davis MJB, Wang X, Priestley RD. Effect of Local Chain Conformation in Adsorbed Nanolayers on Confined Polymer Molecular Mobility. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:217801. [PMID: 31283350 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.217801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Interfaces play an important role in modifying the dynamics of polymers confined to the nanoscale. We demonstrate that the distance over which an interface suppresses molecular mobility in poly(styrene) thin films can be systematically increased by tens of nanometers by controlling the chain of conformation, i.e., the height of the loops in irreversibly adsorbed nanolayers. These effects arise from topological interaction between adsorbed and neighboring unadsorbed chains, respectively, which increase their motional coupling to facilitate the propagation of suppressed dynamics originating at the interface, thus highlighting the ability to manipulate interfacial effects by local conformation of chains in adsorbed nanolayers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Mary J B Davis
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Rodney D Priestley
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
- Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Atomic force microscopy of single polymer chains on a substrate at temperatures above the bulk glass transition temperatures. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
15
|
Liu Y, Sakurai K. Uniaxial Negative Thermal Expansion of Polyvinyl Acetate Thin Film. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:11272-11280. [PMID: 30133290 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present paper reports some experimental observations of reproducible uniaxial negative thermal expansion (u-NTE) in an amorphous polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) ultrathin film. It has been found that the mechanism of the phenomena is different from latest reports on so-called NTE in crystal or other topological materials. It is known that PVAc exhibits glass transition at around 31 °C. During cooling from the high-temperature side, one can observe the decrease of the thickness by monitoring interference fringes in the X-ray reflectivity curve as a function of temperature. Across the glass transition, however, the thickness starts to increase, instead of reducing. In the heating process, the thickness decreases as long as the temperature is lower than that for glass transition ( Tg). In the present research, such changes in thickness during repeated heating/cooling cycles have been studied systematically. To discuss the mechanism, dependence on film thickness has been investigated as well. It has been found that the present phenomena are well explained as u-NTE, which induces reduction and increase of thickness ( z-direction) just by thermal expansion and shrinking in x- y directions, respectively. This would be caused and enhanced by the growth of a mechanically hard, high-density layer near the interface to the surface of hydrophilic silicon dioxide. The structural change during heating/cooling cycles is discussed in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Liu
- University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1, Tennodai , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0006 , Japan
- National Institute for Materials Science , 1-2-1, Sengen , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0047 , Japan
| | - Kenji Sakurai
- University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1, Tennodai , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0006 , Japan
- National Institute for Materials Science , 1-2-1, Sengen , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0047 , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Burroughs MJ, Christie D, Gray LAG, Chowdhury M, Priestley RD. 21st Century Advances in Fluorescence Techniques to Characterize Glass‐Forming Polymers at the Nanoscale. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201700368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary J. Burroughs
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA
| | - Dane Christie
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA
| | - Laura A. G. Gray
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA
| | - Mithun Chowdhury
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA
| | - Rodney D. Priestley
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xu J, Zhang Y, Zhou H, Hong Y, Zuo B, Wang X, Zhang L. Probing the Utmost Distance of Polymer Dynamics Suppression by a Substrate by Investigating the Diffusion of Fluorinated Tracer-Labeled Polymer Chains. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianquan Xu
- Department of Chemistry,
Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology
of the Education Ministry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Yizhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry,
Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology
of the Education Ministry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry,
Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology
of the Education Ministry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Yongming Hong
- Department of Chemistry,
Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology
of the Education Ministry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemistry,
Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology
of the Education Ministry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry,
Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology
of the Education Ministry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Chemistry,
Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology
of the Education Ministry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hayashi T, Segawa K, Sadakane K, Fukao K, Yamada NL. Interfacial interaction and glassy dynamics in stacked thin films of poly(methyl methacrylate). J Chem Phys 2017; 146:203305. [PMID: 28571347 DOI: 10.1063/1.4974835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutron reflectivity and dielectric permittivity of alternately stacked thin films of protonated and deuterated poly(methyl methacrylate) were measured to elucidate a correlation between the time evolution of the interfacial structure and the segmental dynamics in the stacked thin polymer films during isothermal annealing above the glass transition temperature. The roughness at the interface between two thin layers increases with the annealing time, whereas the relaxation rate and strength of the α-process decrease with an increase in the annealing time. A strong correlation between the time evolution of the interfacial structure and the dynamics of the α-process during annealing could be observed using neutron reflectivity and dielectric relaxation measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiko Hayashi
- Department of Physics, Ritsumeikan University, Noji-Higashi 1-1-1, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
| | - Kenta Segawa
- Department of Physics, Ritsumeikan University, Noji-Higashi 1-1-1, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
| | - Koichiro Sadakane
- Department of Physics, Ritsumeikan University, Noji-Higashi 1-1-1, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
| | - Koji Fukao
- Department of Physics, Ritsumeikan University, Noji-Higashi 1-1-1, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
| | - Norifumi L Yamada
- Neutron Science Division, Institute for Materials Structure Science, High Energy Acceleration Research Organization, 203-1 Shirakata, Tokai, Naka 319-1106, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang C, Li L, Wang X, Xue G. Stabilization of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Nanofibers with Core–Shell Structures Confined in AAO Templates by the Balance between Geometric Curvature, Interfacial Interactions, and Cooling Rate. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance
Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing
National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Linling Li
- Key Laboratory of High Performance
Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing
National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance
Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing
National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Gi Xue
- Key Laboratory of High Performance
Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing
National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Narayanan T, Wacklin H, Konovalov O, Lund R. Recent applications of synchrotron radiation and neutrons in the study of soft matter. CRYSTALLOGR REV 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/0889311x.2016.1277212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hanna Wacklin
- European Spallation Source ERIC, Lund, Sweden
- Physical Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Reidar Lund
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Shimomura S, Inutsuka M, Yamada NL, Tanaka K. Unswollen layer of cross-linked polyisoprene at the solid interface. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
22
|
Zhang L, Elupula R, Grayson SM, Torkelson JM. Major Impact of Cyclic Chain Topology on the Tg-Confinement Effect of Supported Thin Films of Polystyrene. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ravinder Elupula
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Scott M. Grayson
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Saito I, Miyazaki T, Yamamoto K. Depth-Resolved Structure Analysis of Cylindrical Microdomain in Block Copolymer Thin Film by Grazing-Incidence Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Utilizing Low-Energy X-rays. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Itsuki Saito
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Miyazaki
- Nitto Denko Corporation, 1-1-2, Shimohozumi,
Ibaraki, Osaka 567-8680, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Yamamoto
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Structure analyses of polybutadiene rubber crosslinked with unsaturated carboxylate using contrast variation small-angle neutron scattering. Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2015.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
25
|
Kanaya T, Ogawa H, Kishimoto M, Inoue R, Suter A, Prokscha T. Distribution of glass transition temperatures Tg in polystyrene thin films as revealed by low-energy muon spin relaxation: A comparison with neutron reflectivity results. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 92:022604. [PMID: 26382423 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.92.022604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In a previous paper [Phys. Rev. E 83, 021801 (2011)] we performed neutron reflectivity (NR) measurements on a five-layer polystyrene (PS) thin film consisting of alternatively stacked deuterated polystyrene (dPS) and hydrogenated polystyrene (hPS) layers (dPS/hPS/dPS/hPS/dPS, ∼100 nm thick) on a Si substrate to reveal the distribution of Tg along the depth direction. Information on the Tg distribution is very useful to understand the interesting but unusual properties of polymer thin films. However, one problem that we have to clarify is if there are effects of deuterium labeling on Tg or not. To tackle the problem we performed low-energy muon spin relaxation (μSR) measurements on the above-mentioned deuterium-labeled five-layer PS thin film as well as dPS and hPS single-layer thin films ∼100 nm thick as a function of muon implantation energy. It was found that the deuterium labeling had no significant effects on the Tg distribution, guaranteeing that we can safely discuss the unusual thin film properties based on the Tg distribution revealed by NR on the deuterium-labeled thin films. In addition, the μSR result suggested that the higher Tg near the Si substrate is due to the strong orientation of phenyl rings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiji Kanaya
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto-fu 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ogawa
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto-fu 611-0011, Japan
| | - Mizuki Kishimoto
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto-fu 611-0011, Japan
| | - Rintaro Inoue
- Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Kumatori, Sennan-gun, Osaka-fu 590-0494, Japan
| | - Andreas Suter
- Laboratory for Muon-Spin Spectroscopy, Swiss Muon Source SµS, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Prokscha
- Laboratory for Muon-Spin Spectroscopy, Swiss Muon Source SµS, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Lan T, Torkelson JM. Substantial spatial heterogeneity and tunability of glass transition temperature observed with dense polymer brushes prepared by ARGET ATRP. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
27
|
Jiang N, Sendogdular L, Di X, Sen M, Gin P, Endoh MK, Koga T, Akgun B, Dimitriou M, Satija S. Effect of CO2 on a Mobility Gradient of Polymer Chains near an Impenetrable Solid. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/ma502591x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Maya K. Endoh
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Tadanori Koga
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Bulent Akgun
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
| | - Michael Dimitriou
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Sushil Satija
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Xie SJ, Qian HJ, Lu ZY. Hard and soft confinement effects on the glass transition of polymers confined to nanopores. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
29
|
Sha Y, Li L, Wang X, Wan Y, Yu J, Xue G, Zhou D. Growth of Polymer Nanorods with Different Core–Shell Dynamics via Capillary Force in Nanopores. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma5017715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Sha
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials
and Technology (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory
of Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Linling Li
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials
and Technology (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory
of Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials
and Technology (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory
of Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yuanxin Wan
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials
and Technology (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory
of Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials
and Technology (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory
of Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Gi Xue
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials
and Technology (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory
of Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Dongshan Zhou
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials
and Technology (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory
of Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
- School
of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang Laboratory of Phase
Transitions and Microstructures
in Condensed Matters, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Depth-dependent inhomogeneous characteristics in supported glassy polystyrene films revealed by ultra-low X-ray reflectivity measurements. Polym J 2014. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2014.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
31
|
Xu Y, Grobelny P, Von Allmen A, Knudson K, Pikal M, Carpenter JF, Randolph TW. Protein quantity on the air-solid interface determines degradation rates of human growth hormone in lyophilized samples. J Pharm Sci 2014; 103:1356-66. [PMID: 24623139 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) was lyophilized with various glass-forming stabilizers, employing cycles that incorporated various freezing and annealing procedures to manipulate glass formation kinetics, associated relaxation processes, and glass-specific surface areas (SSAs). The secondary structure in the cake was monitored by infrared and in reconstituted samples by circular dichroism. The rhGH concentrations on the surface of lyophilized powders were determined from electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis. Glass transition temperature (Tg ), SSAs, and water contents were determined immediately after lyophilization. Lyophilized samples were incubated at 323 K for 16 weeks, and the resulting extents of rhGH aggregation, oxidation, and deamidation were determined after rehydration. Water contents and Tg were independent of lyophilization process parameters. Compared with samples lyophilized after rapid freezing, rhGH in samples that had been annealed in frozen solids prior to drying, or annealed in glassy solids after secondary drying retained more native-like protein secondary structure, had a smaller fraction of the protein on the surface of the cake, and exhibited lower levels of degradation during incubation. A simple kinetic model suggested that the differences in the extent of rhGH degradation during storage in the dried state between different formulations and processing methods could largely be ascribed to the associated levels of rhGH at the solid-air interface after lyophilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yemin Xu
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 80309
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|