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Borgis D, Laage D, Belloni L, Jeanmairet G. Dielectric response of confined water films from a classical density functional theory perspective. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11141-11150. [PMID: 37860645 PMCID: PMC10583706 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01267k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We re-examine the problem of the dielectric response of highly polar liquids such as water in confinement between two walls using simple two-variable density functional theory involving number and polarisation densities. In the longitudinal polarisation case where a perturbing field is applied perpendicularly to the walls, we show that the notion of the local dielectric constant, although ill-defined at a microscopic level, makes sense when coarse-graining over the typical size of a particle is introduced. The approach makes it possible to study the effective dielectric response of thin liquid films of various thicknesses in connection with the recent experiments of Fumagalli et al., [Science, 2018, 360, 1339-1342], and to discuss the notion of the interfacial dielectric constant. We argue that the observed properties as a function of slab dimensions, in particular the very low dielectric constants of the order of 2-3 measured for thin slabs of ∼1 nm thickness do not highlight any special properties of water but can be recovered for a generic polar solvent having similar particle size and the same high dielectric constant. Regarding the transverse polarisation case where the perturbing field is parallel to the walls, the associated effective dielectric constant as a function of slab dimensions reaches bulk-like values at much shorter widths than in the longitudinal case. In both cases, we find an oscillatory behaviour for slab thicknesses in the one nanometer range due to packing effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Borgis
- Maison de la Simulation, CNRS-CEA-Université Paris-Saclay UAR 3441 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS 75005 Paris France
| | - Damien Laage
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS 75005 Paris France
| | - Luc Belloni
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Guillaume Jeanmairet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physico-Chimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX F-75005 Paris France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Électrochimique de l'Énergie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459 80039 Amiens Cedex France
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2
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Rafique M, Erbaş A. Mechanical deformation affects the counterion condensation in highly-swollen polyelectrolyte hydrogels. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:7550-7561. [PMID: 37750366 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00585b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte gels can generate electric potentials under mechanical deformation. While the underlying mechanism of such a response is often attributed to changes in counterion-condensation levels or alterations in the ionic conditions in the pervaded volume of the hydrogel, the exact molecular origins are largely unknown. By using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations of a polyacrylic acid hydrogel in explicit water as a model system, we simulate the uniaxial compression and uniaxial stretching of weakly to highly swollen (i.e., between 60-90% solvent content) hydrogel networks and calculate the microscopic condensation levels of counterions around the hydrogel chains. The counterion condensation under deformation is highly non-monotonic. Ionic condensation around the constituting chains of the deformed hydrogel tends to increase as the chains are stretched. This increase reaches a maximum and decreases as the chains are strongly stretched. The condensation around the collapsed chains of the hydrogel is weakly affected by the deformation. As a result, both compressing and stretching the model hydrogel lead to an overall increase in the counterion condensation. The effect vanishes for weakly swollen hydrogels, for which most ions are already condensed. The simulations with single, stretched polyelectrolyte chains show a qualitatively similar response, suggesting the effect of chain elongation on the ionic distribution throughout the hydrogel. Notably, this deformation-induced counterion condensation phenomenon does not occur in a polyelectrolyte solution at its critical concentration, indicating the role of hydrogel topology constraining the chain ends. Our results indicate that counterion condensation in a deforming polyelectrolyte hydrogel can be highly heterogeneous and exhibit a rich behaviour of electrostatic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzaffar Rafique
- UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
| | - Aykut Erbaş
- UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
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3
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Muñoz-Santiburcio D, Marx D. Confinement-Controlled Aqueous Chemistry within Nanometric Slit Pores. Chem Rev 2021; 121:6293-6320. [PMID: 34006106 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this Focus Review, we put the spotlight on very recent insights into the fascinating world of wet chemistry in the realm offered by nanoconfinement of water in mechanically rather rigid and chemically inert planar slit pores wherein only monolayer and bilayer water lamellae can be hosted. We review the effect of confinement on different aspects such as hydrogen bonding, ion diffusion, and charge defect migration of H+(aq) and OH-(aq) in nanoconfined water depending on slit pore width. A particular focus is put on the strongly modulated local dielectric properties as quantified in terms of anisotropic polarization fluctuations across such extremely confined water films and their putative effects on chemical reactions therein. The stunning findings disclosed only recently extend wet chemistry in particular and solvation science in general toward extreme molecular confinement conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Muñoz-Santiburcio
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany.,CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Dominik Marx
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
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4
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Monet G, Bresme F, Kornyshev A, Berthoumieux H. Nonlocal Dielectric Response of Water in Nanoconfinement. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:216001. [PMID: 34114838 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.216001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent experiments reporting a very low dielectric permittivity for nanoconfined water have renewed the interest in the structure and dielectric properties of water in narrow gaps. Here, we describe such systems with a minimal Landau-Ginzburg field theory composed of a nonlocal bulk-determined term and a local water-surface interaction term. We show how the interplay between the boundary conditions and intrinsic bulk correlations encodes the dielectric properties of confined water. Our theoretical analysis is supported by molecular dynamics simulations and comparison with the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Monet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée (LPTMC, UMR 7600), F-75005 Paris, France
| | - F Bresme
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, W12 0BZ 2AZ London, United Kingdom
| | - A Kornyshev
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, W12 0BZ 2AZ London, United Kingdom
| | - H Berthoumieux
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée (LPTMC, UMR 7600), F-75005 Paris, France
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5
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Herbert JM. Dielectric continuum methods for quantum chemistry. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John M. Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA
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6
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Abstract
The dielectric response of a polar solvent to an ion is analyzed in terms of the bound charge, the net charge that accumulates near the ion as a consequence of the inhomogeneous polarization of the surrounding solvent. We demonstrate that the total bound charge arising in a full molecular treatment is identical to the total bound charge from standard continuum theory. In continuum theory, the bound charge resides in an infinitely thin layer, while in a molecular description the bound charge is spread over a region of finite width. Near simple atomic ions, the width of the bound charge distribution is roughly 1.3 nm. By simulating a sequence of ion charges from 0.1 to 2 e, where e is the magnitude of the electron charge, we analyze the applicability of linear response theory, which has been used by several authors. With increasing charge, the nonlinear response extends to an increasing distance from the ion. However, outside the region containing bound charge, the response is linear and in accord with continuum theory. Previous attempts to assign a dielectric constant to a solvent in the interfacial region are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Sang Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Sherwin J Singer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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7
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Vatin M, Porro A, Sator N, Dufrêche JF, Berthoumieux H. Electrostatic interactions in water: a nonlocal electrostatic approach. Mol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2020.1825849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Vatin
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée (LPTMC), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Paris, France
- ICSM/LMCT Site de Marcoule, Bagnols sur Céze Cedex, France
| | - A. Porro
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée (LPTMC), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - N. Sator
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée (LPTMC), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - J.-F. Dufrêche
- ICSM/LMCT Site de Marcoule, Bagnols sur Céze Cedex, France
| | - H. Berthoumieux
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée (LPTMC), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Paris, France
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8
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Honorio T, Bore T, Benboudjema F, Vourc’h E, Ferhat M. Dielectric properties of the pore solution in cement-based materials. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.112548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Banerjee P, Bagchi B. Ion pair correlations due to interference between solvent polarizations induced in water. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:064501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5133753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Puja Banerjee
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Biman Bagchi
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
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10
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Houriez C, Réal F, Vallet V, Mautner M, Masella M. Ion hydration free energies and water surface potential in water nano drops: The cluster pair approximation and the proton hydration Gibbs free energy in solution. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:174504. [PMID: 31703526 DOI: 10.1063/1.5109777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We estimate both single ion hydration Gibbs free energies in water droplets, comprising from 50 to 1000 molecules, and water/vacuum surface potentials in pure water droplets comprising up to 10 000 molecules. We consider four ions, namely, Li+, NH4 +, F-, and Cl-, and we model their hydration process and water/water interactions using polarizable force fields based on an induced point dipole approach. We show both ion hydration Gibbs free energies and water surface potentials to obey linear functions of the droplet radius as soon as droplets comprising a few hundred water molecules. Moreover, we also show that the differences in anion/cation hydration Gibbs free energies in droplets obey a different regime in large droplets than in small clusters comprising no more than six water molecules, in line with the earlier results computed from standard additive point charge force fields. Hence, both point charge and more sophisticated induced point dipole molecular modeling approaches suggest that methods considering only the thermodynamical properties of small ion/water clusters to estimate the absolute proton hydration Gibbs free energy in solution are questionable. In particular, taking into account the data of large ion/water droplets may yield a proton hydration Gibbs free energy in solution value to be shifted by several kBT units compared to small clusters-based approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Houriez
- MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, CTP - Centre Thermodynamique des Procédés, 35 rue Saint-Honoré, 77300 Fontainebleau, France
| | - Florent Réal
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8523 - PhLAM - Physique des Lasers Atomes et Molécules, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Valérie Vallet
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8523 - PhLAM - Physique des Lasers Atomes et Molécules, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Michael Mautner
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, USA and Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8001, New Zealand
| | - Michel Masella
- Laboratoire de Biologie Structurale et Radiobiologie, Service de Bioénergétique, Biologie Structurale et Mécanismes, Institut Joliot, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
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11
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Varghese S, Kannam SK, Hansen JS, P Sathian S. Effect of Hydrogen Bonds on the Dielectric Properties of Interfacial Water. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:8159-8166. [PMID: 31121091 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The dielectric constant for water is reduced under confinement. Although this phenomenon is well known, the underlying physical mechanism for the reduction is still in debate. In this work, we investigate the effect of the orientation of hydrogen bonds on the dielectric properties of confined water using molecular dynamics simulations. We find a reduced rotational diffusion coefficient for water molecules close to the solid surface. The reduced rotational diffusion arises due to the hindered rotation away from the plane parallel to the channel walls. The suppressed rotation in turn affects the orientational polarization of water, leading to a low value for the dielectric constant at the interface. We attribute the constrained out-of-plane rotation to originate from a higher density of planar hydrogen bonds formed by the interfacial water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sleeba Varghese
- Department of Applied Mechanics , Indian Institute of Technology Madras , Chennai 600036 , India
| | - Sridhar Kumar Kannam
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology , Swinburne University of Technology , Melbourne , Victoria 3122 , Australia
- School of Applied Sciences , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
| | - Jesper Schmidt Hansen
- Department of Science and Environment , Roskilde University , Roskilde 4000 , Denmark
| | - Sarith P Sathian
- Department of Applied Mechanics , Indian Institute of Technology Madras , Chennai 600036 , India
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12
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Sarhangi SM, Waskasi MM, Hashemianzadeh SM, Matyushov DV. Effective Dielectric Constant of Water at the Interface with Charged C60 Fullerenes. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:3135-3143. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b00901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Setare Mostajabi Sarhangi
- Molecular Simulation Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Majid Hashemianzadeh
- Molecular Simulation Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
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13
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Berthoumieux H, Paillusson F. Dielectric response in the vicinity of an ion: A nonlocal and nonlinear model of the dielectric properties of water. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:094507. [PMID: 30849905 DOI: 10.1063/1.5080183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this work is to propose a simple continuous model that captures the dielectric properties of water at the nanometric scale. We write an electrostatic energy as a functional of the polarisation field containing a term in P4 and non-local Gaussian terms. Such a hamiltonian can reproduce two key properties of water: the saturation of the polarisation response of water in the presence of a strong electrostatic field and the nanometric dipolar correlations of the solvent molecules modifying the long range van der waals interaction. This model explores thus two fundamental aspects that have to be included in implicit models of electrolytes for a relevant description of electrostatic interactions at nanometric scales.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - F Paillusson
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, United Kingdom
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14
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Abstract
Proteins interact with their aqueous surroundings, thereby modifying the physical properties of the solvent. The extent of this perturbation has been investigated by numerous methods in the past half-century, but a consensus has still not emerged regarding the spatial range of the perturbation. To a large extent, the disparate views found in the current literature can be traced to the lack of a rigorous definition of the perturbation range. Stating that a particular solvent property differs from its bulk value at a certain distance from the protein is not particularly helpful since such findings depend on the sensitivity and precision of the technique used to probe the system. What is needed is a well-defined decay length, an intrinsic property of the protein in a dilute aqueous solution, that specifies the length scale on which a given physical property approaches its bulk-water value. Based on molecular dynamics simulations of four small globular proteins, we present such an analysis of the structural and dynamic properties of the hydrogen-bonded solvent network. The results demonstrate unequivocally that the solvent perturbation is short-ranged, with all investigated properties having exponential decay lengths of less than one hydration shell. The short range of the perturbation is a consequence of the high energy density of bulk water, rendering this solvent highly resistant to structural perturbations. The electric field from the protein, which under certain conditions can be long-ranged, induces a weak alignment of water dipoles, which, however, is merely the linear dielectric response of bulk water and, therefore, should not be thought of as a structural perturbation. By decomposing the first hydration shell into polarity-based subsets, we find that the hydration structure of the nonpolar parts of the protein surface is similar to that of small nonpolar solutes. For all four examined proteins, the mean number of water-water hydrogen bonds in the nonpolar subset is within 1% of the value in bulk water, suggesting that the fragmentation and topography of the nonpolar protein-water interface has evolved to minimize the propensity for protein aggregation by reducing the unfavorable free energy of hydrophobic hydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Persson
- Division of Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Pär Söderhjelm
- Division of Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Bertil Halle
- Division of Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
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15
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Sehnem AL, Niether D, Wiegand S, Figueiredo Neto AM. Thermodiffusion of Monovalent Organic Salts in Water. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:4093-4100. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b01152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Doreen Niether
- ICS-3 Soft Condensed Matter, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Simone Wiegand
- ICS-3 Soft Condensed Matter, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52428 Jülich, Germany
- Department für Chemie - Physikalische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, 50939 Cologne, Germany
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16
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Muñoz-Santiburcio D, Marx D. Nanoconfinement in Slit Pores Enhances Water Self-Dissociation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:056002. [PMID: 28949727 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.056002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the self-dissociation of water that is nanoconfined between the sheets of a realistic layered mineral, FeS mackinawite, as well as between Lennard-Jones walls via ab initio simulations. By comparing it with the same reaction in bulk water under various thermodynamic conditions, we show that such strong two-dimensional confinement between hard surfaces greatly enhances the self-dissociation process of water-thus increasing its ionic product K_{w} due to nanoconfinement. In addition to providing free energies, we analyze in detail the underlying dielectric properties in terms of dipole moment distributions, and thus the polarity of the liquid, as well as local polarization fluctuations as quantified by dielectric tensor profiles perpendicular to the lamella.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominik Marx
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
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17
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Muñoz-Santiburcio D, Marx D. Chemistry in nanoconfined water. Chem Sci 2017; 8:3444-3452. [PMID: 28507716 PMCID: PMC5418629 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc04989c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoconfined liquids have extremely different properties from the bulk, which profoundly affects chemical reactions taking place in nanosolvation.
Nanoconfined liquids have extremely different properties from the bulk, which profoundly affects chemical reactions taking place in nanosolvation. Here, we present extensive ab initio simulations of a vast set of chemical reactions within a water lamella that is nanoconfined by mineral surfaces, which might be relevant to prebiotic peptide formation in aqueous environments. Our results disclose a rich interplay of distinct effects, from steric factors typical of reactions occurring in small spaces to a charge-stabilization effect in nanoconfined water at extreme conditions similar to that observed in bulk water when changing from extreme to ambient conditions. These effects are found to modify significantly not only the energetics but also the mechanisms of reactions happening in nanoconfined water in comparison to the corresponding bulk regime.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominik Marx
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie , Ruhr - Universität Bochum , 44780 Bochum , Germany .
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18
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Schaaf C, Gekle S. Spatially resolved dielectric constant of confined water and its connection to the non-local nature of bulk water. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:084901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4960775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schaaf
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Technical University Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- Biofluid Simulation and Modeling, Fachbereich Physik, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Stephan Gekle
- Biofluid Simulation and Modeling, Fachbereich Physik, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
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19
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Dinpajooh M, Matyushov DV. Dielectric constant of water in the interface. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:014504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4955203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadhasan Dinpajooh
- Department of Physics and School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 871504, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Dmitry V. Matyushov
- Department of Physics and School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 871504, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
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20
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Reif MM, Hünenberger PH. Origin of Asymmetric Solvation Effects for Ions in Water and Organic Solvents Investigated Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations: The Swain Acity-Basity Scale Revisited. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:8485-517. [PMID: 27173101 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b02156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric solvation of ions can be defined as the tendency of a solvent to preferentially solvate anions over cations or cations over anions, at identical ionic charge magnitudes and effective sizes. Taking water as a reference, these effects are quantified experimentally for many solvents by the relative acity (A) and basity (B) parameters of the Swain scale. The goal of the present study is to investigate the asymmetric solvation of ions using molecular dynamics simulations, and to connect the results to this empirical scale. To this purpose, the charging free energies of alkali and halide ions, and of their hypothetical oppositely charged counterparts, are calculated in a variety of solvents. In a first set of calculations, artificial solvent models are considered that present either a charge or a shape asymmetry at the molecular level. The solvation asymmetry, probed by the difference in charging free energy between the two oppositely charged ions, is found to encompass a term quadratic in the ion charge, related to the different solvation structures around the anion and cation, and a term linear in the ion charge, related to the solvation structure around the uncharged ion-sized cavity. For these simple solvent models, the two terms are systematically counteracting each other, and it is argued that only the quadratic term should be retained when comparing the results of simulations involving physical solvents to experimental data. In a second set of calculations, 16 physical solvents are considered. The theoretical estimates for the acity A are found to correlate very well with the Swain parameters, whereas the correlation for B is very poor. Based on this observation, the Swain scale is reformulated into a new scale involving an asymmetry parameter Σ, positive for acitic solvents and negative for basitic ones, and a polarity parameter Π. This revised scale has the same predictive power as the original scale, but it characterizes asymmetry in an absolute sense, the atomistic simulations playing the role of an extra-thermodynamic assumption, and is optimally compatible with the simulation results. Considering the 55 solvents in the Swain set, it is observed that a moderate basity (Σ between -0.9 and -0.3, related to electronic polarization) represents the baseline for most solvents, while a highly variable acity (Σ between 0.0 and 3.0, related to hydrogen-bond donor capacity modulated by inductive effects) represents a landmark of protic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Reif
- Physics Department (T38), Technische Universität München , D-85748 Garching, Germany
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21
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Jahn M, Gekle S. Bulk and interfacial liquid water as a transient network. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 92:052130. [PMID: 26651669 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.92.052130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The special macroscopic properties of liquid water stem from its structure as a complex network of molecules connected by hydrogen bonds. While the dynamics of single molecules within this network has been extensively investigated, only little attention has been paid to the closed loops (meshes) of hydrogen-bonded molecules which determine the network topology. Using molecular dynamics simulations we analyze the size, shape, geometrical arrangement, and dynamical stability of loops containing up to 10 hydrogen bonds. We find that six-membered loops in liquid water even at room temperature retain a striking similarity with the well-known structure of ice. Analyzing the network dynamics we find that rings of more than five hydrogen bonds are stabilized compared to a random collection containing the same number of single bonds. We finally show that in the vicinity of hydrophobic and hydrophilic interfaces loops arrange in a preferred orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Jahn
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Bayreuth, Germany
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