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Wang X, Sun C, Jia S, Pang Y, Liu Z. Flow pattern maps of double emulsions transporting through bifurcation microchannels. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:6544-6557. [PMID: 38984795 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00488d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The transportation behaviors of compound droplets in confined channels are widespread phenomena while the physical mechanisms are far from being completely unraveled. In this work, behaviors of double emulsions flowing through bifurcation microchannels are experimentally studied with the aim of building universal flow pattern maps. Three flow patterns are categorized according to different features of daughter droplets in terms of size, uniformity, and shell thickness. A detailed analysis of the dynamics of interfacial evolutions in different patterns is carried out and the coupling interaction between interfaces is found to affect the minimum tail distance during transportation. It is feasible to obtain the threshold of the occurrence of the coupling interaction, due to the different variation tendencies in the two states, which relies on three dimensionless parameters, i.e. droplet length, length ratio, and capillary number. Furthermore, a novel physical model is proposed to build the flow pattern map, with the two transition boundaries being expressed as different relationships in terms of the three identified parameters. The physical mechanisms are summarized with the aid of force analysis. An excellent agreement is shown between the model and experimental results in different liquid systems and bifurcation structures, indicating the generality of the proposed model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Faculty of Mechanics, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Chao Sun
- School of Mechanical & Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shiyan Jia
- School of Mechanical & Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yan Pang
- Faculty of Mechanics, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Zhaomiao Liu
- Faculty of Mechanics, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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Tazikeh Lemeski A, Seyyedi SM, Hashemi-Tilehnoee M, Naeimi AS. Influence of triangular obstacles on droplet breakup dynamics in microfluidic systems. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13324. [PMID: 38858444 PMCID: PMC11164865 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63922-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Microfluidic devices with complex geometries and obstacles have attracted considerable interest in biomedical engineering and chemical analysis. Understanding droplet breakup behavior within these systems is crucial for optimizing their design and performance. This study investigates the influence of triangular obstacles on droplet breakup processes in microchannels. Two distinct types of triangular obstructions, positioned at the bifurcation (case I) and aligned with the flow (case II), are analyzed to evaluate their impact on droplet behavior. The investigation considers various parameters, including the Capillary number (Ca), non-dimensional droplet length (L*), non-dimensional height (A*), and non-dimensional base length (B*) of the triangle. Utilizing numerical simulations with COMSOL software, the study reveals that the presence of triangular obstacles significantly alters droplet breakup dynamics. Importantly, the shape and location of the obstacle emerge as key factors governing breakup characteristics. Results indicate faster breakup of the initial droplet when the obstacle is positioned in the center of the microchannel for case I. For case II, the study aims to identify conditions under which droplets either break up into unequal-sized entities or remain intact, depending on various flow conditions. The findings identify five distinct regimes: no breakup, breakup without a tunnel, breakup with a tunnel, droplet fragmentation into unequal-sized parts, and sorting. These regimes depend on the presence or absence of triangular obstacles and the specific flow conditions. This investigation enhances our understanding of droplet behavior within intricate microfluidic systems and provides valuable insights for optimizing the design and functionality of droplet manipulation and separation devices. Notably, the results emphasize the significant role played by triangular obstacles in droplet breakup dynamics, with the obstacle's shape and position being critical determinants of breakup characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Tazikeh Lemeski
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Aliabad Katoul, Iran
| | - Seyyed Masoud Seyyedi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Aliabad Katoul, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Hashemi-Tilehnoee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Aliabad Katoul, Iran
| | - Azadeh Sadat Naeimi
- Department of Physics, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Aliabad Katoul, Iran
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Huang H, Liu J, Yu J, Pan W, Yan Z, Pan Z. Behind the Non-Uniform Breakup of Bubble Slug in Y-Shaped Microchannel: Dynamics and Mechanisms. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:695. [PMID: 38930665 PMCID: PMC11205542 DOI: 10.3390/mi15060695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Bubble flow in confined geometries is a problem of fundamental and technological significance. Among all the forms, bubble breakup in bifurcated microchannels is one of the most commonly encountered scenarios, where an in-depth understanding is necessary for better leveraging the process. This study numerically investigates the non-uniform breakup of a bubble slug in Y-shaped microchannels under different flow ratios, Reynolds numbers, and initial bubble volumes. Overall, the bubble can either breakup or non-breakup when passing through the bifurcation and shows different forms depending on flow regimes. The flow ratio-Reynolds number phase diagrams indicate a power-law transition line of breakup and non-breakup. The bubble takes longer to break up with rising flow ratios yet breaks earlier with higher Reynolds numbers and volumes. Non-breakup takes less time than the breakup patterns. Flow ratio is the origin of non-uniform breakup. Both the Reynolds number and initial volume influence the bubble states when reaching the bifurcation and thus affect subsequent processes. Bubble neck dynamics are analyzed to describe the breakup further. The volume distribution after breaking up is found to have a quadratic relation with the flow ratio. Our study is hoped to provide insights for practical applications related to non-uniform bubble breakups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxiang Huang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (H.H.); (J.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jiazheng Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (H.H.); (J.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jialing Yu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (H.H.); (J.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Wentao Pan
- Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511453, China
| | - Zhe Yan
- Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - Zhenhai Pan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China;
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Ma D, Liang D, Zhu C, Fu T, Ma Y, Yuan X, Li HZ. The breakup dynamics and mechanism of viscous droplets in Y-shaped microchannels. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.116300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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5
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Two-phase flow and mass transfer in microchannels: A review from local mechanism to global models. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.116017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Liu Z, Duan C, Jiang S, Zhu C, Ma Y, Fu T. Microfluidic step emulsification techniques based on spontaneous transformation mechanism: A review. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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7
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Review on Microbubbles and Microdroplets Flowing through Microfluidic Geometrical Elements. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11020201. [PMID: 32075302 PMCID: PMC7074625 DOI: 10.3390/mi11020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Two-phase flows are found in several industrial systems/applications, including boilers and condensers, which are used in power generation or refrigeration, steam generators, oil/gas extraction wells and refineries, flame stabilizers, safety valves, among many others. The structure of these flows is complex, and it is largely governed by the extent of interphase interactions. In the last two decades, due to a large development of microfabrication technologies, many microstructured devices involving several elements (constrictions, contractions, expansions, obstacles, or T-junctions) have been designed and manufactured. The pursuit for innovation in two-phase flows in these elements require an understanding and control of the behaviour of bubble/droplet flow. The need to systematize the most relevant studies that involve these issues constitutes the motivation for this review. In the present work, literature addressing gas-liquid and liquid-liquid flows, with Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, and covering theoretical, experimental, and numerical approaches, is reviewed. Particular focus is given to the deformation, coalescence, and breakup mechanisms when bubbles and droplets pass through the aforementioned microfluidic elements.
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Du M, Qi T, Fan W, Chen H. Numerical investigation of bubble breakup in a four‐branched microchannel based on non‐Newtonian pseudoplastic fluid. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringTianjin University of Technology Tianjin China
| | - Tong Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringTianjin University of Technology Tianjin China
| | - Wenyuan Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringTianjin University of Technology Tianjin China
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringTianjin University of Technology Tianjin China
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Dynamics and interfacial evolution for bubble breakup in shear-thinning non-Newtonian fluid in microfluidic T-junction. Chem Eng Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2019.115158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Vecchiolla D, Giri V, Biswal SL. Bubble-bubble pinch-off in symmetric and asymmetric microfluidic expansion channels for ordered foam generation. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:9312-9325. [PMID: 30289417 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01285g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
By incorporating the techniques of geometrically mediated splitting and bubble-bubble breakup, the present work offers a novel microfluidic foam generation system via production of segregated, mono- or bidisperse bubbles at capacities exceeding 10 000 bubbles per second. Bubble-bubble pinch-off is precise at high capillary numbers (Ca > 0.065), generating monodisperse or bidisperse daughter bubbles for a symmetric or an asymmetric expansion respectively. Bi- or tridisperse foam is produced as pinch-off perfectly alternates such that the system contains twice the number of fragmented bubbles as intact bubbles. A relationship between the upstream bubble extension and the capillary number demarcates the different regimes of pinch-off defined with respect to frequency and precision: non-splitting, irregular, polydisperse, and monodisperse (or bidisperse for an asymmetric expansion). For tridisperse foam generation via a fixed asymmetric expansion geometry, the wall bubble confinement can be tuned to adjust the pinch-off accuracy in order to access a spectrum of fragmented bubble size ratios. The simplicity in operating and characterizing our system will enable studies on dynamic bubble interactions and ordered, wet foam applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vecchiolla
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
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Sun X, Zhu C, Fu T, Ma Y, Li HZ. Dynamics of droplet breakup and formation of satellite droplets in a microfluidic T-junction. Chem Eng Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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12
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Ziyi X, Taotao F, Chunying Z, Shaokun J, Youguang M, Kai W, Guangsheng L. Dynamics of partially obstructed breakup of bubbles in microfluidic Y-junctions. Electrophoresis 2018; 40:376-387. [PMID: 30188577 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
For revealing the dynamics of partially obstructed breakup of bubbles in microfluidic Y-junctions, the combination of dimensionless power-law and geometric model was applied to study the effects of capillary number, bubble length, and channel angle on the bubble rupture process. In the squeezing process, the gas-liquid interface curve follows the parabolic model. For the evolution of the bubble neck during breakup, the increase of the bubble length, the channel angle, and the capillary number leads to the decrease of the focus distance α. The chord m increases with the increase of the capillary number and the decrease of the bubble length, and it would reach the maximum value when the channel angle is 90°. In the fast pinch-off stage during bubble breakup, the bubble's neck curve no longer conforms to the parabolic model so the focus and chord no longer exist. For the evolution of the bubble head during breakup, the value of γ approaches 1 with the increase of the capillary number and the bubble length, and with the close of the channel angle to 90°. It is found that the quadrilateral model can be applied for the partially obstructed rupture of bubbles in the symmetrical microfluidic Y-junction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Ziyi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Fu Taotao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Zhu Chunying
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Shaokun
- The 718th Research Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, Handan City, Hebei P rovince, P. R. China
| | - Ma Youguang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Wang Kai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Luo Guangsheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China
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14
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Liu Y, Yue J, Zhao S, Yao C, Chen G. Bubble splitting under gas-liquid-liquid three-phase flow in a double T-junction microchannel. AIChE J 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.15920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Liu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Jun Yue
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen; University of Groningen; 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Shuainan Zhao
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian China
| | - Chaoqun Yao
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian China
| | - Guangwen Chen
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian China
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