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Mourchid A, Boucenna I, Carn F. Mechanical strength enhancement by grain size reduction in a soft colloidal polycrystal. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:10910-10917. [PMID: 34811558 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01486b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
It has long been known that the mechanical strength of finely grained solid state polycrystals could be enhanced when the grain size is reduced. Indeed, the equation linking the yield stress and the inverse square root of grain size was introduced in the 1950s by Hall and Petch. Since then this relationship has been widely used to engineer structural metals and alloys. To date, no similar behavior has been reported in materials other than atomic systems where the grain size usually lies in the nanometric range. The purpose of the present work is to study the influence of grain size on the mechanical strength enhancement of a soft colloidal 'alloy' made of micellar polycrystalline grains and silica nanoparticles. The nanoparticles act as nucleation sites and their concentration promotes the variation of the polycrystalline grain size. This system bears resemblance to solid state polycrystals; however the achieved grain length scale is situated in the micrometric domain. We show that the grain size evolves non-monotonically, first decreasing then increasing, when the nanoparticle concentration increases. Our main result is that the yield stress rigorously obeys the Hall-Petch law and follows a linear variation as a function of the inverse square root of the grain diameter. We believe that our experimental approach offers new possibilities to study the poorly understood mechanical aspects of polycrystalline and nanocrystalline structures, such as their plasticity, using non-destructive techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mourchid
- Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057 CNRS and Université de Paris, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France.
| | - Imane Boucenna
- Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057 CNRS and Université de Paris, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France.
| | - Florent Carn
- Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057 CNRS and Université de Paris, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France.
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Ono-Dit-Biot JC, Soulard P, Barkley S, Weeks ER, Salez T, Raphaël E, Dalnoki-Veress K. Mechanical properties of 2D aggregates of oil droplets as model mono-crystals. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:1194-1201. [PMID: 33336662 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01165g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the elastic and yielding properties of two dimensional defect-free mono-crystals made of highly monodisperse droplets. Crystals are compressed between two parallel boundaries of which one acts as a force sensor. As the available space between boundaries is reduced, the crystal goes through successive row-reduction transitions. For small compression forces, the crystal responds elastically until a critical force is reached and the assembly fractures in a single catastrophic global event. Correspondingly there is a peak in the force measurement associated with each row-reduction. The elastic properties of ideal mono-crystal samples are fully captured by a simple analytical model consisting of an assembly of individual capillary springs. The yielding properties of the crystal are captured with a minimal bond breaking model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pierre Soulard
- UMR CNRS Gulliver 7083, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Solomon Barkley
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
| | - Eric R Weeks
- Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Thomas Salez
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, LOMA, UMR 5798, F-33405 Talence, France and Global Station for Soft Matter, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Elie Raphaël
- UMR CNRS Gulliver 7083, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Kari Dalnoki-Veress
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada. and UMR CNRS Gulliver 7083, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
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Gerloff S, Ortiz-Ambriz A, Tierno P, Klapp SHL. Dynamical modes of sheared confined microscale matter. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:9423-9435. [PMID: 32914813 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01238f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Based on (overdamped) Stokesian dynamics simulations and video microscopy experiments, we study the non equilibrium dynamics of a sheared colloidal cluster, which is confined to a two-dimensional disk. The experimental system is composed of a mixture of paramagnetic and non magnetic polystyrene particles, which are held in the disk by time shared optical tweezers. The paramagnetic particles are located at the center of the disk and are actuated by an external, rotating magnetic field that induces a magnetic torque. We identify two different steady states by monitoring the mean angular velocities per ring. The first one is characterized by rare slip events, where the inner rings momentarily depin from the outer ring, which is kept static by the set of optical traps. For the second state, we find a bistability of the mean angular velocities, which can be understood from the analysis of the slip events in the particle trajectories. We calculate the particle waiting- and jumping time distributions and estimate a time scale between slips, which is also reflected by a plateau in the mean squared azimuthal displacement. The dynamical transition is further reflected by the components of the stress tensor, revealing a shear-thinning behavior as well as shear stress overshoots. Finally, we briefly discuss the observed transition in the context of stochastic thermodynamics and how it may open future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Gerloff
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, D-10623 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Antonio Ortiz-Ambriz
- Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain and Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Pietro Tierno
- Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain and Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain and Universitat de Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems (UBICS), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Sabine H L Klapp
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, D-10623 Berlin, Germany.
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Lazarev S, Besedin I, Zozulya AV, Meijer JM, Dzhigaev D, Gorobtsov OY, Kurta RP, Rose M, Shabalin AG, Sulyanova EA, Zaluzhnyy I, Menushenkov AP, Sprung M, Petukhov AV, Vartanyants IA. Ptychographic X-Ray Imaging of Colloidal Crystals. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:1702575. [PMID: 29171683 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201702575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Ptychographic coherent X-ray imaging is applied to obtain a projection of the electron density of colloidal crystals, which are promising nanoscale materials for optoelectronic applications and important model systems. Using the incident X-ray wavefield reconstructed by mixed states approach, a high resolution and high contrast image of the colloidal crystal structure is obtained by ptychography. The reconstructed colloidal crystal reveals domain structure with an average domain size of about 2 µm. Comparison of the domains formed by the basic close-packed structures, allows us to conclude on the absence of pure hexagonal close-packed domains and confirms the presence of random hexagonal close-packed layers with predominantly face-centered cubic structure within the analyzed part of the colloidal crystal film. The ptychography reconstruction shows that the final structure is complicated and may contain partial dislocations leading to a variation of the stacking sequence in the lateral direction. As such in this work, X-ray ptychography is extended to high resolution imaging of crystalline samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Lazarev
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU), pr. Lenina 30, 634050, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Ilya Besedin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, 115409, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey V Zozulya
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Janne-Mieke Meijer
- Van't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterial Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dmitry Dzhigaev
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oleg Yu Gorobtsov
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ruslan P Kurta
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Max Rose
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anatoly G Shabalin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elena A Sulyanova
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography RAS, Leninskii pr. 59, 119333, Moscow, Russia
| | - IvanA Zaluzhnyy
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, 115409, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey P Menushenkov
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, 115409, Moscow, Russia
| | - Michael Sprung
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrei V Petukhov
- Van't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterial Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Ivan A Vartanyants
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, 115409, Moscow, Russia
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McDermott D, Olson Reichhardt CJ, Reichhardt C. Structural transitions and hysteresis in clump- and stripe-forming systems under dynamic compression. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:9549-9560. [PMID: 27834430 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm01939k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Using numerical simulations, we study the dynamical evolution of particles interacting via competing long-range repulsion and short-range attraction in two dimensions. The particles are compressed using a time-dependent quasi-one dimensional trough potential that controls the local density, causing the system to undergo a series of structural phase transitions from a low density clump lattice to stripes, voids, and a high density uniform state. The compression proceeds via slow elastic motion that is interrupted with avalanche-like bursts of activity as the system collapses to progressively higher densities via plastic rearrangements. The plastic events vary in magnitude from small rearrangements of particles, including the formation of quadrupole-like defects, to large-scale vorticity and structural phase transitions. In the dense uniform phase, the system compresses through row reduction transitions mediated by a disorder-order process. We characterize the rearrangement events by measuring changes in the potential energy, the fraction of sixfold coordinated particles, the local density, and the velocity distribution. At high confinements, we find power law scaling of the velocity distribution during row reduction transitions. We observe hysteresis under a reversal of the compression when relatively few plastic rearrangements occur. The decompressing system exhibits distinct phase morphologies, and the phase transitions occur at lower compression forces as the system expands compared to when it is compressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle McDermott
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA. and Department of Physics, Wabash College, Crawfordsville, Indiana 47933, USA.
| | | | - Charles Reichhardt
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
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