1
|
Qin Y, Guo M, Zhang F, Li Z, Liu Q, Tang F. Gas Dispersion Coefficient Test System and Dimensionless Inversion Method for Porous Media. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:45137-45151. [PMID: 38046323 PMCID: PMC10688218 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Due to the complex porous media structure of the longwall gob area, it has been difficult to determine the gas dispersion coefficient of oxygen when studying spontaneous coal combustion in the gob area. In this work, we first designed an experimental device for testing the gas diffusion coefficient of porous media. Then, the distribution law of gas concentration in porous media under different particle size conditions was obtained by experiments. Subsequently, we established a dimensionless mathematical model of gas dispersion in porous media and developed a corresponding numerical simulator based on the finite volume method (FVM). The influence of the dimensionless gas dispersion coefficient on the gas concentration distribution was analyzed, and then a dimensionless inversion method of the gas dispersion coefficient was summarized and put forward. Finally, we obtained the values of the gas dispersion coefficient in the experimental device under different particle size conditions by inversion and discussed its effect on the gas dispersion behavior in porous media. The results show that (1) the distribution of gas concentration obtained from the experimental test and numerical simulation is consistent, which verifies the reliability of our work; (2) the dimensionless gas concentration is the highest near the injection point and gradually decreases along the depth and both sides of the test container; (3) with the increase of the dimensionless gas dispersion coefficient, the distance required for uniform gas mixing in the test container is gradually shortened and the gas dispersion coverage is wider; and (4) the larger pore space facilitates the dispersion behavior of the gas, and the gas dispersion coefficient shows a parabolic trend with the increase of porous medium particle size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueping Qin
- School of Emergency Management
and Safety Engineering, China University
of Mining & Technology, Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Mingyan Guo
- School of Emergency Management
and Safety Engineering, China University
of Mining & Technology, Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Fengjie Zhang
- School of Emergency Management
and Safety Engineering, China University
of Mining & Technology, Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zimeng Li
- School of Emergency Management
and Safety Engineering, China University
of Mining & Technology, Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Emergency Management
and Safety Engineering, China University
of Mining & Technology, Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Fei Tang
- School of Emergency Management
and Safety Engineering, China University
of Mining & Technology, Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rosseau LR, Schinkel MA, Roghair I, van Sint Annaland M. Experimental Quantification of Gas Dispersion in 3D-Printed Logpile Structures Using a Noninvasive Infrared Transmission Technique. ACS ENGINEERING AU 2022; 2:236-247. [PMID: 35781935 PMCID: PMC9242522 DOI: 10.1021/acsengineeringau.1c00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
![]()
3D-printed catalyst
structures have the potential to broaden reactor
operating windows. However, the hydrodynamic aspects associated with
these novel catalyst structures have not yet been quantified in detail.
This work applies a recently introduced noninvasive, instantaneous,
whole-field concentration measurement technique based on infrared
transmission to quantify the rate of transverse gas dispersion in
3D-printed logpile structures. Twenty-two structural variations have
been investigated at various operating conditions, and the measured
transverse gas dispersion has been correlated to the Péclet
number and the structures’ porosity and feature size. It is
shown that staggered configurations of these logpile structures offer
significantly more tunability of the dispersion behavior compared
to straight structures. The proposed correlations can be used to facilitate
considerations of reactor design and operating windows.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leon R.S. Rosseau
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600MB, The Netherlands
| | - Merlijn A.M.R. Schinkel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600MB, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo Roghair
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600MB, The Netherlands
| | - Martin van Sint Annaland
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600MB, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mangal D, Palmer JC, Conrad JC. Nanoparticle dispersion in porous media: Effects of array geometry and flow orientation. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:015102. [PMID: 34412201 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.015102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the effects of array geometry and flow orientation on transport of finite-sized particles in ordered arrays using Stokesian dynamics simulations. We find that quiescent diffusion is independent of array geometry over the range of volume fraction of the nanoposts examined. Longitudinal dispersion under flow depends on the direction of incident flow relative to the array lattice vectors. Taylor-Aris behavior is recovered for flow along the lattice directions, whereas a nonmonotonic dependence of the dispersion coefficient on the Péclet number is obtained for flow orientations slightly perturbed from certain lattice vectors, owing to a competition between directional locking and spatial velocity variations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Mangal
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Jeremy C Palmer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Jacinta C Conrad
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Misiura A, Shen H, Tauzin L, Dutta C, Bishop LDC, Carrejo NC, Zepeda O J, Ramezani S, Moringo NA, Marciel AB, Rossky PJ, Landes CF. Single-Molecule Dynamics Reflect IgG Conformational Changes Associated with Ion-Exchange Chromatography. Anal Chem 2021; 93:11200-11207. [PMID: 34346671 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Conformational changes of antibodies and other biologics can decrease the effectiveness of pharmaceutical separations. Hence, a detailed mechanistic picture of antibody-stationary phase interactions that occur during ion-exchange chromatography (IEX) can provide critical insights. This work examines antibody conformational changes and how they perturb antibody motion and affect ensemble elution profiles. We combine IEX, three-dimensional single-protein tracking, and circular dichroism spectroscopy to investigate conformational changes of a model antibody, immunoglobulin G (IgG), as it interacts with the stationary phase as a function of salt conditions. The results indicate that the absence of salt enhances electrostatic attraction between IgG and the stationary phase, promotes surface-induced unfolding, slows IgG motion, and decreases elution from the column. Our results reveal previously unreported details of antibody structural changes and their influence on macroscale elution profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Misiura
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Hao Shen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, 800 E Summit Street, Kent, Ohio 44240, United States
| | - Lawrence Tauzin
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Chayan Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Logan D C Bishop
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Nicole C Carrejo
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jorge Zepeda O
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Shahryar Ramezani
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Nicholas A Moringo
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Amanda B Marciel
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Peter J Rossky
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.,Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.,Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Christy F Landes
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.,Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.,Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim Y, Moon C, Nematollahi O, Kim HD, Kim KC. Time-Resolved PIV Measurements and Turbulence Characteristics of Flow Inside an Open-Cell Metal Foam. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14133566. [PMID: 34202204 PMCID: PMC8269601 DOI: 10.3390/ma14133566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Open-cell metal foams are porous medium for thermo-fluidic systems. However, their complex geometry makes it difficult to perform time-resolved (TR) measurements inside them. In this study, a TR particle image velocimetry (PIV) method is introduced for use inside open-cell metal foam structures. Stereolithography 3D printing methods and conventional post-processing methods cannot be applied to metal foam structures; therefore, PolyJet 3D printing and post-processing methods were employed to fabricate a transparent metal foam replica. The key to obtaining acceptable transparency in this method is the complete removal of the support material from the printing surfaces. The flow characteristics inside a 10-pore-per-inch (PPI) metal foam were analyzed in which porosity is 0.92 while laminar flow condition is applied to inlet. The flow inside the foam replica is randomly divided and combined by the interconnected pore network. Robust crosswise motion occurs inside foam with approximately 23% bulk speed. Strong influence on transverse motion by metal foam is evident. In addition, span-wise vorticity evolution is similar to the integral time length scale of the stream-wise center plane. The span-wise vorticity fluctuation through the foam arrangement is presented. It is believed that this turbulent characteristic is caused by the interaction of jets that have different flow directions inside the metal foam structure. The finite-time Lyapunov exponent method is employed to visualize the vortex ridges. Fluctuating attracting and repelling material lines are expected to enhance the heat and mass transfer. The results presented in this study could be useful for understanding the flow characteristics inside metal foams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youngwoo Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (Y.K.); (C.M.); (O.N.)
| | - Chanhee Moon
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (Y.K.); (C.M.); (O.N.)
| | - Omid Nematollahi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (Y.K.); (C.M.); (O.N.)
| | - Hyun Dong Kim
- Rolls-Royce and Pusan National University Technology Centre, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.D.K.); (K.C.K.); Tel.: +82-51-510-1536 (H.D.K.); +82-51-510-2324 (K.C.K.)
| | - Kyung Chun Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (Y.K.); (C.M.); (O.N.)
- Correspondence: (H.D.K.); (K.C.K.); Tel.: +82-51-510-1536 (H.D.K.); +82-51-510-2324 (K.C.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jacob JDC, Krishnamoorti R, Conrad JC. Particle dispersion in porous media: Differentiating effects of geometry and fluid rheology. Phys Rev E 2017; 96:022610. [PMID: 28950508 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.96.022610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the effects of geometric order and fluid rheology on the dispersion of micron-sized particles in two-dimensional microfluidic porous media. Particles suspended in a mixture of glycerol and water or in solutions of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) polymers were imaged as they flowed through arrays of microscale posts. From the trajectories of the particles, we calculated the velocity distributions and thereafter obtained the longitudinal and transverse dispersion coefficients. Particles flowed in the shear-thinning HPAM solution through periodic arrays of microposts were more likely to switch between streamlines, due to elastic instabilities. As a result, the distributions of particle velocity were broader in HPAM solutions than in glycerol-water mixtures for ordered geometries. In a disordered array of microposts, however, there was little difference between the velocity distributions obtained in glycerol-water and in HPAM solutions. Correspondingly, particles flowed through ordered post arrays in HPAM solutions exhibited enhanced transverse dispersion. This result suggests that periodic geometric order amplifies the effects of the elasticity-induced velocity fluctuations, whereas geometric disorder of barriers effectively averages out the fluctuations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack D C Jacob
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Ramanan Krishnamoorti
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Jacinta C Conrad
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| |
Collapse
|