1
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Iritani B, Tiberi E, Skomorowski W, Moszynski R, Borkowski M, Zelevinsky T. Accurate Determination of Blackbody Radiation Shifts in a Strontium Molecular Lattice Clock. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:263201. [PMID: 38215384 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.263201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Molecular lattice clocks enable the search for new physics, such as fifth forces or temporal variations of fundamental constants, in a manner complementary to atomic clocks. Blackbody radiation (BBR) is a major contributor to the systematic error budget of conventional atomic clocks and is notoriously difficult to characterize and control. Here, we combine infrared Stark-shift spectroscopy in a molecular lattice clock and modern quantum chemistry methods to characterize the polarizabilities of the Sr_{2} molecule from dc to infrared. Using this description, we determine the static and dynamic blackbody radiation shifts for all possible vibrational clock transitions to the 10^{-16} level. This constitutes an important step toward millihertz-level molecular spectroscopy in Sr_{2} and provides a framework for evaluating BBR shifts in other homonuclear molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Iritani
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
| | - E Tiberi
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
| | - W Skomorowski
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - R Moszynski
- Quantum Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Borkowski
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - T Zelevinsky
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
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2
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Moussa A, El-Kork N, Zeid I, Salem E, Korek M. Laser Cooling with an Intermediate State and Electronic Structure Studies of the Molecules CaCs and CaNa. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:18577-18596. [PMID: 35694530 PMCID: PMC9178733 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The ground and excited electronic states of the diatomic molecules CaCs and CaNa have been investigated by implementing the ab initio CASSCF/(MRCI + Q) calculation. The potential energy curves of the doublet and quartet electronic low energy states in the representation 2s+1Λ(±) have been determined for the two considered molecules, in addition to the spectroscopic constants T e, ωe, B e, R e, and the values of the dipole moment μe and the dissociation energy D e. The determination of vibrational constants E v, B v, D v, and the turning points R min and R max up to the vibrational level v = 100 was possible with the use of the canonical functions schemes. Additionally, the transition and the static dipole moments curves, Einstein coefficients, the spontaneous radiative lifetime, the emission oscillator strength, and the Franck-Condon factors are computed. These calculations showed that the molecule CaCs is a good candidate for Doppler laser cooling with an intermediate state. A "four laser" cooling scheme is presented, along with the values of Doppler limit temperature T D = 55.9 μK and the recoil temperature T r = 132 nK. These results should provide a good reference for experimental spectroscopic and ultra-cold molecular physics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Moussa
- Faculty
of Science, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2809, Lebanon
| | - Nayla El-Kork
- Department
of Physics, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi 51133, United Arab Emirates
- Space
and Planetary Science Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 51133, United Arab Emirates
| | - Israa Zeid
- Faculty
of Science, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2809, Lebanon
| | - Ehab Salem
- Faculty
of Science, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2809, Lebanon
| | - Mahmoud Korek
- Faculty
of Science, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2809, Lebanon
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3
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Zhang Y, Wang Q, Ni S, Ji L, Cao Z, Qi J. The effect of spin-orbit coupling on molecular properties: Potential energy curve, transition dipole moment and laser cooling scheme of NH. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 267:120578. [PMID: 34815177 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The influence of spin-orbit coupling on the cooling of NH molecular laser is investigated based on the ab initio theory. The potential energy curves (PECs) and spectral constants for four Λ-S states (X3Σ-, a1Δ, b1Σ+ and A3Π) and eight Ω states [Formula: see text] a1Δ2, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] ) of NH molecule are obtained by the multi-reference configuration interaction (MRCI) plus Davidson correction. The spectroscopic constants (Re, ωe, ωeχe, Be, De) are obtained by solving the one dimensional radial Schrödinger equation, and the results are almost the same as the previously reported data. In addition, the transition dipole moment, permanent dipole moment, Franck-Condon factors, and radiative lifetime of NH molecule are also acquired. Also, the effects of the intermediate state on the [Formula: see text] , [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] transitions are considered. The feasible laser cooling schemes using a single laser are formulated. In the proposed cooling scheme, there wavelengths for the [Formula: see text] are used, the main pump lasers are λ00 = 335.74 nm. The feasible transition is based on this. It is found that spin-orbit coupling has a significant effect on potential energy curves, permanent dipole moments, transition dipole moments and vibration energy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunguang Zhang
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, China.
| | - Qihao Wang
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, China
| | - Simin Ni
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, China
| | - Lingling Ji
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, China
| | - Zhanli Cao
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, China
| | - Jiangxia Qi
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, China
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4
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Lewis TN, Wang C, Daniel JR, Dhital M, Bardeen CJ, Hemmerling B. Optimizing pulsed-laser ablation production of AlCl molecules for laser cooling. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:22785-22793. [PMID: 34610064 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03515k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum monochloride (AlCl) has been proposed as a promising candidate for laser cooling to ultracold temperatures, and recent spectroscopy results support this prediction. It is challenging to produce large numbers of AlCl molecules because it is a highly reactive open-shell molecule and must be generated in situ. Here we show that pulsed-laser ablation of stable, non-toxic mixtures of Al with alkali or alkaline earth chlorides, denoted XCln, can provide a robust and reliable source of cold AlCl molecules. Both the chemical identity of XCln and the Al : XCln molar ratio are varied, and the yield of AlCl is monitored using absorption spectroscopy in a cryogenic gas. For KCl, the production of Al and K atoms was also monitored. We model the AlCl production in the limits of nonequilibrium recombination dominated by first-encounter events. The non-equilibrium model is in agreement with the data and also reproduces the observed trend with different XCln precursors. We find that AlCl production is limited by the solid-state densities of Al and Cl atoms and the recondensation of Al atoms in the ablation plume. We suggest future directions for optimizing the production of cold AlCl molecules using laser ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor N Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - John R Daniel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Madhav Dhital
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | | | - Boerge Hemmerling
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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5
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Blackburn L, Keller M. The effect of the electric trapping field on state-selective loading of molecules into rf ion traps. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18449. [PMID: 33116215 PMCID: PMC7595205 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74759-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Trapped molecular ions in pure rovibronic states are desirable in experiments ranging from cold chemistry to searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. Resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionisation (REMPI) can be used to prepare molecular ions in specific internal states with high fidelities. However, in the presence of electric fields, ionisation spectra exhibit frequency shifts and the ionisation thresholds are broadened. For this reason, REMPI studies are normally conducted in low and highly homogeneous electric fields, whereas the operating principle of rf ion traps requires electric fields that vary in space and time. In order to investigate the impact of this on the state-selectivity of REMPI in ion traps, we have simulated the expected broadening of the ionisation threshold under various operating conditions of a typical linear Paul trap. In many cases, the width of the ionisation threshold exceeds the separation between rotational energy levels, preventing state-selective ionisation. Careful choice of the trapping and laser parameters during loading can reduce this broadening, enabling state-selective ionisation in some instances. Where this strategy is not sufficient, the broadening can be reduced further by rapidly switching the trapping voltages off and on again during loading. This has been demonstrated experimentally for a Coulomb crystal of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$^{40}\hbox {Ca}^+$$\end{document}40Ca+ ions without descrystallising it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Blackburn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, BN1 9QH, UK.
| | - Matthias Keller
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, BN1 9QH, UK
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6
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Hua TP, Sun YR, Hu SM. Dispersion-like lineshape observed in cavity-enhanced saturation spectroscopy of HD at 1.4 µm. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:4863-4866. [PMID: 32870877 DOI: 10.1364/ol.401879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Precision measurement of ro-vibrational transitions in the electronic ground state of the hydrogen molecule can be used to test quantum electrodynamics and also to determine the dimensionless proton-to-electron mass ratio. Saturation spectroscopy of the 2-0 overtone transitions of hydrogen deuterium (HD) were measured with three cavity-enhanced spectroscopy methods. With a sensitivity at the 10-13cm-1 level, we revealed a dispersion-like lineshape instead of a conventional Lamb "dip," which explains the significant discrepancy among previous independent measurements. The spectra can be fit well by using the Fano profile. Centers of R(1) and R(3) lines were determined as 217 105 182 111 (19)stat(240)syskHz and 220 704 305 234 (20)stat(240)syskHz, respectively.
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7
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Bai S, Han X, Bai J, Jiao Y, Wang H, Zhao J, Jia S. Observation of photoassociation spectroscopy of ultralong 37D 5/2 + 6S 1/2Cs 2 Rydberg molecules. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:084302. [PMID: 32113370 DOI: 10.1063/1.5132993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We present an experimental observation of 37D5/2 + 6S1/2Cs2 Rydberg-ground molecules by employing a two-photon photoassociation method. Two distinct Rydberg-ground molecular signals, deep and shallow bound molecules, are observed at the red detuning of atomic line. In theory, the model of scattering interaction between the Rydberg electron and ground-state atom is used to simulate the experiments. Two potential energy curves with energy minimum, deep pure triplet 3Σ and shallow hyperfine-mixed singlet-triplet 1,3Σ potentials, refer to the attained Rydberg-ground molecular signals, respectively. Calculations of the binding energy of triplet 3Σ and mixed 1,3Σv = 0 states are compared with the measurements. The agreement between the calculated and measured values of the binding energy yields zero-energy scattering lengths as T(0) = -19.2a0 and as S(0) = -1.3a0, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suying Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jingxu Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yuechun Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jianming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Suotang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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8
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Wang X, Liu W, Li Y, Wu J, Sovkov VB, Ma J, Onishchenko S, Li P, Fu Y, Li D, Fan Q, Xiao L, Jia S. Hyperfine structure of the NaCs b 3Π 2 state near the dissociation limit 3S 1/2 + 6P 3/2 observed with ultracold atomic photoassociation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:3809-3816. [PMID: 31872827 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05870b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report new observations of the hyperfine structure in three ro-vibrational levels of the b3Π2 state of NaCs near the dissociation limit 3S1/2 + 6P3/2. The experiment was done via photoassociation of ultracold atoms in a dual-species dark-spot magneto-optical trap, and the spectra were measured as atomic trap losses. The simulation of the hyperfine structure showed that the greater part of the observed structure belongs to almost isolated levels of the b3Π2 state, but there are other parts of mixed character where the contribution from the 1Σ symmetry dominates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Wucheng Rd. 92, 030006 Taiyuan, China.
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9
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Zhang SY, Xie F, Jia FD, Li XK, Wang RQ, Li R, Wu Y, Zhong ZP. Ab initio calculation on spectroscopic properties and radiative lifetimes of low-lying excited states of NaK. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp1904065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-yang Zhang
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feng Xie
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Feng-dong Jia
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao-kang Li
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ru-quan Wang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Rui Li
- Data Center for High Energy Density Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Data Center for High Energy Density Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Zhi-ping Zhong
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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10
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Measurement of the variation of electron-to-proton mass ratio using ultracold molecules produced from laser-cooled atoms. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3771. [PMID: 31434889 PMCID: PMC6704166 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11761-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental techniques to manipulate cold molecules have seen great development in recent years. The precision measurements of cold molecules are expected to give insights into fundamental physics. Here we use a rovibrationally pure sample of ultracold KRb molecules to improve the measurement on the stability of electron-to-proton mass ratio \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\left( {\mu = \frac{{m_{\mathrm{e}}}}{{M_{\mathrm{p}}}}} \right)$$\end{document}μ=meMp. The measurement is based upon a large sensitivity coefficient of the molecular spectroscopy, which utilizes a transition between a nearly degenerate pair of vibrational levels each associated with a different electronic potential. Observed limit on temporal variation of μ is \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\frac{1}{\mu }\frac{{d\mu }}{{dt}} = (0.30 \pm 1.0) \times 10^{ - 14} \, {\mathrm{year}}^{ - 1}$$\end{document}1μdμdt=(0.30±1.0)×10-14year-1, which is better by a factor of five compared with the most stringent laboratory molecular limits to date. Further improvements should be straightforward, because our measurement was only limited by statistical errors. Ultracold molecules are suitable platforms for precision measurements due to their internal degrees of freedom. Here the authors derive a limit on the variation of the electron-to-proton mass ratio by using the spectroscopy of ultracold KRb molecules.
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Liu L, Zhang DC, Yang H, Liu YX, Nan J, Rui J, Zhao B, Pan JW. Observation of Interference between Resonant and Detuned stirap in the Adiabatic Creation of ^{23}Na^{40}K Molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:253201. [PMID: 31347860 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.253201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (stirap) allows efficiently transferring the populations between two discrete quantum states and has been used to prepare molecules in their rovibrational ground state. In realistic molecules, a well-resolved intermediate state is usually selected to implement the resonant stirap. Because of the complex molecular level structures, the detuned stirap always coexists with the resonant stirap and may cause unexpected interference phenomenon. However, it is generally accepted that the detuned stirap can be neglected if compared with the resonant stirap. Here we report on the first observation of interference between the resonant and detuned stirap in the adiabatic creation of ^{23}Na^{40}K ground-state molecules. The interference is identified by observing that the number of Feshbach molecules after a round-trip stirap oscillates as a function of the hold time, with a visibility of about 90%. This occurs even if the intermediate excited states are well resolved, and the single-photon detuning of the detuned stirap is about 1 order of magnitude larger than the linewidth of the excited state and the Rabi frequencies of the stirap lasers. Moreover, the observed interference indicates that if more than one hyperfine level of the ground state is populated, the stirap prepares a coherent superposition state among them, but not an incoherent mixed state. Further, the purity of the hyperfine levels of the created ground state can be quantitatively determined by the visibility of the oscillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - De-Chao Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Jue Nan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Jun Rui
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
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12
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Gardner A, Softley T, Keller M. Multi-photon ionisation spectroscopy for rotational state preparation of [Formula: see text]. Sci Rep 2019; 9:506. [PMID: 30679634 PMCID: PMC6345942 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36783-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we investigate the 2 + 1' resonance enhanced multi-photon ionisation (REMPI) of molecular nitrogen via the a1Πg(v = 6) intermediate state and analyse its feasibility to generate molecular nitrogen ions in a well defined ro-vibrational state. This is an important tool for high precision experiments based on trapped molecular ions, and is crucial for studying the time variation of the fundamental constant mp/me using [Formula: see text]. The transition is not reported in the literature and detailed spectral analysis has been conducted to extract the molecular constants of the intermediate state. By carefully choosing the intermediate ro-vibrational state, the ionisation laser wavelength and controlling the excitation laser pulse energy, unwanted formation of rotationally excited molecular ions can be suppressed and ro-vibrational ground state ions can be generated with high purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Gardner
- ITCM Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, BN1 9QH United Kingdom
| | - Timothy Softley
- University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Keller
- ITCM Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, BN1 9QH United Kingdom
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13
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Two-Photon Vibrational Transitions in 16O2+ as Probes of Variation of the Proton-to-Electron Mass Ratio. ATOMS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/atoms7010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrational overtones in deeply-bound molecules are sensitive probes for variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio μ . In nonpolar molecules, these overtones may be driven as two-photon transitions. Here, we present procedures for experiments with 16 O 2 + , including state-preparation through photoionization, a two-photon probe, and detection. We calculate transition dipole moments between all X 2 Π g vibrational levels and those of the A 2 Π u excited electronic state. Using these dipole moments, we calculate two-photon transition rates and AC-Stark-shift systematics for the overtones. We estimate other systematic effects and statistical precision. Two-photon vibrational transitions in 16 O 2 + provide multiple routes to improved searches for μ variation.
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14
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Abstract
Molecular overtone transitions provide optical frequency transitions sensitive to variation in the proton-to-electron mass ratio ( μ ≡ m p / m e ). However, robust molecular state preparation presents a challenge critical for achieving high precision. Here, we characterize infrared and optical-frequency broadband laser cooling schemes for TeH + , a species with multiple electronic transitions amenable to sustained laser control. Using rate equations to simulate laser cooling population dynamics, we estimate the fractional sensitivity to μ attainable using TeH + . We find that laser cooling of TeH + can lead to significant improvements on current μ variation limits.
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15
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Wu J, Liu W, Wang X, Ma J, Li D, Sovkov VB, Xiao L, Jia S. Observation of photoassociation of ultracold sodium and cesium at the asymptote Na (3S 1/2) + Cs (6P 1/2). J Chem Phys 2018; 148:174304. [PMID: 29739213 DOI: 10.1063/1.5023330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the production of ultracold heteronuclear NaCs* molecules in a dual-species magneto-optical trap through photoassociation. The electronically excited molecules are formed below the Na (3S1/2) + Cs (6P1/2) dissociation limit. 12 resonance lines are detected using trap-loss spectroscopy based on a highly sensitive modulation technique. The highest observed rovibrational level exhibits clear hyperfine structure, which is detected for the first time. This structure is simulated within a simplified model consisting of 4 coupled levels belonging to the initially unperturbed Hund's case "a" electronic states, which have been explored in our previous work that dealt with the Na (3S1/2) + Cs (6P3/2) asymptote [W. Liu et al., Phys. Rev. A 94, 032518 (2016)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wenliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Dan Li
- Center for Photonics and Electronics, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Vladimir B Sovkov
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Liantuan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Suotang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Gao Y, Wan M. Vibrational branching ratios and radiative lifetimes in the laser cooling of AlBr. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:5519-5524. [PMID: 28165081 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp08181a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of laser cooling of the AlBr molecule is investigated using ab initio quantum chemistry. Potential energy curves, permanent dipole moments, and transition dipole moments for the ground state X1Σ+ and the first two excited states (a3Π and A1Π) are calculated using the multi-reference configuration interaction plus Davidson corrections (MRCI+Q) method with the ACVQZ basis set; the spin-orbit coupling effects are also taken into account in electronic structure calculations at the MRCI level. Based on the acquired potential energy curves and transition dipole moments, highly diagonally distributed Franck-Condon factors (f00 = 0.9540, f11 = 0.8172) and vibrational branching ratios (R00 = 0.9708, R11 = 0.8420) for the transition are determined. Radiative lifetime calculations of the A1Π1 (ν' = 0-4) state are found to be short (9.16-11.48 ns) enough for rapid laser cooling. The proposed main cycling laser drives the transition at the wavelength λ00 = 279.19 nm. The vibrational branching loss ratios of the A1Π1 (ν') state to the intervening states a3Π0+ and a3Π1 are small (<5.2 × 10-6) enough to be negligible. The present theoretical results indicate that the AlBr molecule is a promising candidate for laser cooling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Gao
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, College of Physics and Materials Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| | - Mingjie Wan
- Computational Physics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Yibin University, Yibin 644007, China
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17
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Feng G, Li Y, Wang X, Wu J, Sovkov VB, Ma J, Xiao L, Jia S. Manipulation of photoassociation of ultracold Cs atoms with tunable scattering length by external magnetic fields. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13677. [PMID: 29057882 PMCID: PMC5651920 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13534-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that for ultracold, optically trapped Cs atoms the photoassociation (PA) can be manipulated by using external uniform magnetic fields due to the alteration of the scattering wavefunction in the region of the free–bound optical transition. We present PA–induced atom loss measurements with the same intensity for PA laser but different external magnetic fields, and analyze main contributions of the PA to the variation of the number of atoms in the trap. The PA rate exhibits a strong dependence on the changing uniform magnetic field. The experimental data are simulated within the model of a single–channel one–well rectangular potential, whose depth is adjusted so as to assure the predicted variation of the scattering length with the magnetic field. The computational and experimental results are in a reasonable agreement to each other. The same model is used to illustrate some general properties of the two–body quantum system in the near–threshold state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guosheng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, P. R. China
| | - Yuqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, P. R. China
| | - Jizhou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, P.R. China
| | - Vladimir B Sovkov
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, P. R. China.,St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, P. R. China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, P.R. China.
| | - Liantuan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, P.R. China
| | - Suotang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, P.R. China
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18
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Fedorov DA, Barnes DK, Varganov SA. Ab initio calculations of spectroscopic constants and vibrational state lifetimes of diatomic alkali-alkaline-earth cations. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:124304. [PMID: 28964028 DOI: 10.1063/1.4986818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigate the lifetimes of vibrational states of diatomic alkali-alkaline-earth cations to determine their suitability for ultracold experiments where long decoherence time and controllability by an external electric field are desirable. The potential energy and permanent dipole moment curves for the ground electronic states of LiBe+, LiMg+, NaBe+, and NaMg+ are obtained using the coupled cluster with singles doubles and triples and multireference configuration interaction methods in combination with large all-electron cc-pCVQZ and aug-cc-pCV5Z basis sets. The energies and wave functions of all vibrational states are obtained by solving the Schrödinger equation for nuclei with the B-spline basis set method. To predict the lifetimes of vibrational states, the transition dipole moments, as well as the Einstein coefficients describing spontaneous emission, and the stimulated absorption and emission induced by black body radiation are calculated. Surprisingly, in all studied ions, the lifetimes of the highest excited vibrational states are similar to the lifetimes of the ground vibrational states indicating that highly vibrationally excited ions could be useful for the ultracold experiments requiring long decoherence time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A Fedorov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, USA
| | - Dustin K Barnes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, USA
| | - Sergey A Varganov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, USA
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19
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Sovkov VB, Xie F, Lyyra AM, Ahmed EH, Ma J, Jia S. Re-examination of the Cs 2 ground singlet X 1Σ g+ and triplet a 3Σ u+ states. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:104301. [PMID: 28915738 DOI: 10.1063/1.5001481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper clarifies the disagreement in the depth of the potential energy curve of the cesium dimer singlet ground state which has lasted for nearly a decade. We point out that the origin of this disagreement must be a technical misprint in the values of the three binding energies reported by Danzl et al. [Science 321, 1062 (2008)], while the X1Σg+ state potential reported by Coxon and Hajigeorgiou [J. Chem. Phys. 132, 094105 (2010)], based on experimental data by Amiot and Dulieu [J. Chem. Phys. 117, 5155 (2002)], is quite correct. We have recalculated the potential energy function of the triplet ground state a3Σu+ by using the available experimental data spanning both the attractive and the repulsive branches so that the potential energy function complies asymptotically with the singlet ground state X1Σg+ potential energy function by Coxon and Hajigeorgiou. This is important for the simulation of the near dissociation properties such as Feshbach resonances, which are typically observed in modern experiments with ultracold atoms and molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir B Sovkov
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Feng Xie
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - A Marjatta Lyyra
- Physics Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122-6082, USA
| | - Ergin H Ahmed
- Physics Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122-6082, USA
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Suotang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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20
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DeMille D, Doyle JM, Sushkov AO. Probing the frontiers of particle physics with tabletop-scale experiments. Science 2017; 357:990-994. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aal3003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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21
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Park JW, Yan ZZ, Loh H, Will SA, Zwierlein MW. Second-scale nuclear spin coherence time of ultracold23Na40K molecules. Science 2017; 357:372-375. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aal5066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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22
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Leefer N, Gerhardus A, Budker D, Flambaum VV, Stadnik YV. Search for the Effect of Massive Bodies on Atomic Spectra and Constraints on Yukawa-Type Interactions of Scalar Particles. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:271601. [PMID: 28084774 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.271601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We propose a new method to search for hypothetical scalar particles that have feeble interactions with standard-model particles. In the presence of massive bodies, these interactions produce a nonzero Yukawa-type scalar-field magnitude. Using radio-frequency spectroscopy data of atomic dysprosium, as well as atomic clock spectroscopy data, we constrain the Yukawa-type interactions of a scalar field with the photon, electron, and nucleons for a range of scalar-particle masses corresponding to length scales >10 cm. In the limit as the scalar-particle mass m_{ϕ}→0, our derived limits on the Yukawa-type interaction parameters are Λ_{γ}≳8×10^{19} GeV, Λ_{e}≳1.3×10^{19} GeV, and Λ_{N}≳6×10^{20} GeV. Our measurements also constrain combinations of interaction parameters, which cannot otherwise be probed with traditional anomalous-force measurements. We suggest further measurements to improve on the current level of sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Leefer
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Gerhardus
- Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics, Physikalisches Institut der Universitat Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - D Budker
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Physics Department, University of California, Berkeley 94720-7300, USA
- Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - V V Flambaum
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Y V Stadnik
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
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23
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Will SA, Park JW, Yan ZZ, Loh H, Zwierlein MW. Coherent Microwave Control of Ultracold ^{23}Na^{40}K Molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:225306. [PMID: 27314727 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.225306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate coherent microwave control of rotational and hyperfine states of trapped, ultracold, and chemically stable ^{23}Na^{40}K molecules. Starting with all molecules in the absolute rovibrational and hyperfine ground state, we study rotational transitions in combined magnetic and electric fields and explain the rich hyperfine structure. Following the transfer of the entire molecular ensemble into a single hyperfine level of the first rotationally excited state, J=1, we observe lifetimes of more than 3 s, comparable to those in the rovibrational ground state, J=0. Long-lived ensembles and full quantum state control are prerequisites for the use of ultracold molecules in quantum simulation, precision measurements, and quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian A Will
- MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, Research Laboratory of Electronics, and Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Jee Woo Park
- MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, Research Laboratory of Electronics, and Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Zoe Z Yan
- MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, Research Laboratory of Electronics, and Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Huanqian Loh
- MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, Research Laboratory of Electronics, and Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Center for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543, Singapore
| | - Martin W Zwierlein
- MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, Research Laboratory of Electronics, and Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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24
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Yang J, Guan Y, Zhao W, Zhou Z, Han X, Ma J, Sovkov VB, Ivanov VS, Ahmed EH, Lyyra AM, Dai X. Observations and analysis with the spline-based Rydberg-Klein-Rees approach for the 3(1)Σg(+) state of Rb2. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:024308. [PMID: 26772572 DOI: 10.1063/1.4939524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ro-vibrational term values of the 3(1)Σg (+) state of (85,85)Rb2 and (85,87)Rb2 and resolved fluorescence spectra to the A(1)Σu (+) state are recorded following optical-optical double resonance excitation. The experimental data are heavily perturbed, and as a result, the standard analysis based on Dunham series representation of the energy levels fails. The analysis is done via modeling the adiabatic potential function with the Rydberg-Klein-Rees potential constructed from the generalized smoothing spline interpolation of the vibrational energies Gv and rotational constants Bv.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yafei Guan
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhaoyu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaomin Han
- State Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Vladimir B Sovkov
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Valery S Ivanov
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Ergin H Ahmed
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - A Marjatta Lyyra
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Xingcan Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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25
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Khanyile NB, Shu G, Brown KR. Observation of vibrational overtones by single-molecule resonant photodissociation. Nat Commun 2015. [PMID: 26197787 PMCID: PMC4525170 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular ions can be held in a chain of laser-cooled atomic ions by sympathetic cooling. This system is ideal for performing high-precision molecular spectroscopy with applications in astrochemistry and fundamental physics. Here we show that this same system can be coupled with a broadband laser to discover new molecular transitions. We use three-ion chains of Ca+ and CaH+ to observe vibrational transitions via resonance-enhanced multiphoton dissociation detected by Ca+ fluorescence. On the basis of theoretical calculations, we assign the observed peaks to the transition from the ground vibrational state, ν=0 to ν=9 and 10. Our method allows us to track single-molecular events, and it can be extended to work with any molecule by using normal mode frequency shifts to detect the dissociation. This survey spectroscopy serves as a bridge to the precision spectroscopy required for molecular ion control. Studying the spectra of molecules typically requires large samples, which can be difficult to achieve for hard-to-generate ions. Here, the authors obtain spectra from single CaH+ molecules in a three-ion Columbic crystal, observing new molecular transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ncamiso B Khanyile
- Schools of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Computational Science and Engineering, and Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, USA
| | - Gang Shu
- Schools of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Computational Science and Engineering, and Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, USA
| | - Kenneth R Brown
- Schools of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Computational Science and Engineering, and Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, USA
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26
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Stadnik YV, Flambaum VV. Searching for topological defect dark matter via nongravitational signatures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:151301. [PMID: 25375699 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.151301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We propose schemes for the detection of topological defect dark matter using pulsars and other luminous extraterrestrial systems via nongravitational signatures. The dark matter field, which makes up a defect, may interact with standard model particles, including quarks and the photon, resulting in the alteration of their masses. When a topological defect passes through a pulsar, its mass, radius, and internal structure may be altered, resulting in a pulsar "quake." A topological defect may also function as a cosmic dielectric material with a distinctive frequency-dependent index of refraction, which would give rise to the time delay of a periodic extraterrestrial light or radio signal, and the dispersion of a light or radio source in a manner distinct to a gravitational lens. A topological defect passing through Earth may alter Earth's period of rotation and give rise to temporary nonzero electric dipole moments for an electron, proton, neutron, nuclei and atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y V Stadnik
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - V V Flambaum
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
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27
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Gao Y, Gao T. Ab initiostudy of ground and low-lying excited states of MgLi and MgLi+molecules with valence full configuration interaction and MRCI method. Mol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2014.926030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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28
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Sovkov VB, Ivanov VS. Binding energies of the ground triplet state a(3) Σ(u)(+) of Rb2 and Cs2 in terms of the generalized Le Roy-Bernstein near-dissociation expansion. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:134307. [PMID: 24712793 DOI: 10.1063/1.4869981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Formulae of Le Roy-Bernstein near-dissociation theory are derived in a general isotope-invariant form, applicable to any term in the rotational expansion of a diatomic ro-vibrational term value. It is proposed to use the generalized Le Roy-Bernstein expansion to describe the binding energies (ro-vibrational term values) of the ground triplet state a(3) Σ(u)(+) of alkali metal dimers. The parameters of this description are determined for Rb2 and Cs2 molecules. This approach gives a recipe to calculate the whole variety of the binding energies with characteristic accuracies from ∼1 × 10(-3) to 1 × 10(-2) cm(-1) using a relatively simple algebraic equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V B Sovkov
- V.A. Fock Institute of Physics and Department of Physics of St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya Street 1, Petrodvoretz, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - V S Ivanov
- V.A. Fock Institute of Physics and Department of Physics of St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya Street 1, Petrodvoretz, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
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29
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Jansen P, Bethlem HL, Ubachs W. Perspective: Tipping the scales: Search for drifting constants from molecular spectra. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:010901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4853735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Lemeshko
- a ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics , Cambridge , MA , 02138 , USA
- b Physics Department , Harvard University , Cambridge , MA , 02138 , USA
- c Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA , 93106 , USA
| | - Roman V. Krems
- c Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA , 93106 , USA
- d Department of Chemistry , University of British Columbia , BC V6T 1Z1, Vancouver , Canada
| | - John M. Doyle
- b Physics Department , Harvard University , Cambridge , MA , 02138 , USA
| | - Sabre Kais
- e Departments of Chemistry and Physics , Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN , 47907 , USA
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31
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Guo S, Bajdich M, Mitas L, Reynolds PJ. Study of dipole moments of LiSr and KRb molecules by quantum Monte Carlo methods. Mol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2013.788741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi Guo
- a Department of Physics , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NA , 27695
| | - Michal Bajdich
- b Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , CA , 94720
| | - Lubos Mitas
- a Department of Physics , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NA , 27695
| | - Peter J. Reynolds
- a Department of Physics , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NA , 27695
- c Physics Division and Physical Sciences Directorate, Army Research Office , Research Triangle Park, NC , 27703
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32
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Evidence for sympathetic vibrational cooling of translationally cold molecules. Nature 2013; 495:490-4. [DOI: 10.1038/nature11937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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33
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Reinaudi G, Osborn CB, McDonald M, Kotochigova S, Zelevinsky T. Optical production of stable ultracold (88)Sr(2) molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:115303. [PMID: 23005643 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.115303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Revised: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We have produced large samples of stable ultracold (88)Sr(2) molecules in the electronic ground state in an optical lattice. The fast, all-optical method of molecule creation involves a near-intercombination-line photoassociation pulse followed by spontaneous emission with a near-unity Franck-Condon factor. The detection uses excitation to a weakly bound electronically excited vibrational level corresponding to a very large dimer and yields a high-Q molecular vibronic resonance. This is the first of two steps needed to create deeply bound (88)Sr(2) for frequency metrology and ultracold chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Reinaudi
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
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34
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Hutzler NR, Lu HI, Doyle JM. The Buffer Gas Beam: An Intense, Cold, and Slow Source for Atoms and Molecules. Chem Rev 2012; 112:4803-27. [PMID: 22571401 DOI: 10.1021/cr200362u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R. Hutzler
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02138, United States
| | - Hsin-I Lu
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02138, United States
| | - John M. Doyle
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02138, United States
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35
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van de Meerakker SYT, Bethlem HL, Vanhaecke N, Meijer G. Manipulation and Control of Molecular Beams. Chem Rev 2012; 112:4828-78. [DOI: 10.1021/cr200349r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hendrick L. Bethlem
- Institute for Lasers, Life and
Biophotonics, VU University Amsterdam,
De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolas Vanhaecke
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Bâtiment 505, Université Paris-Sud,
91405 Orsay, France
| | - Gerard Meijer
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin,
Germany
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36
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Byrd JN, Côté R, Montgomery JA. Long-range interactions between like homonuclear alkali metal diatoms. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:244307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3671371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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37
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Aymar M, Guérout R, Dulieu O. Structure of the alkali-metal-atom + strontium molecular ions: Towards photoassociation and formation of cold molecular ions. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:064305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3611399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Aymar
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, UPR3321, Bât. 505, Univ Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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38
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Xie F, Li L, Li D, Sovkov VB, Minaev KV, Ivanov VS, Lyyra AM, Magnier S. Joint analysis of the Cs2 a3Σu+ and 1g (3(3)Π1g) states. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:024303. [PMID: 21766938 DOI: 10.1063/1.3606397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sets of experimental data on the Cs(2) a(3)Σ(u)(+) and 1(g) (3(3)Π(1g)) states, including the bound-bound and bound-free fluorescence spectra, are analyzed simultaneously to produce the potential energy curves of both states in the form of the Morse long range multiparameter function. The attractive branch of the a(3)Σ(u)(+) state potential is improved relative to the one reported in our earlier work [F. Xie, V. B. Sovkov, A. M. Lyyra, D. Li, S. Ingram, J. Bai, V. S. Ivanov, S. Magnier, and L. Li, J. Chem. Phys. 130, 051102 (2009)], in which the data on this state alone were analyzed. Besides, the new potential of this state also includes the repulsive branch in the range spanned by the bound-free fluorescence spectra. We have not found experimental evidence of the double minimum character of the 3(3)Π(1g) state potential, predicted by ab initio calculations, at least up to v = 8. This fact testifies that the upper state observed is better described by the Hund coupling case (c), in which the case (a) electronic basis states are intermixed by the strong spin-orbit interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Xie
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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39
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Pérez de Tudela R, López-Durán D, González-Lezana T, Delgado-Barrio G, Villarreal P, Gianturco FA, Yurtsever E. Quantum features of a barely bound molecular dopant: Cs2(3Σu) in bosonic helium droplets of variable size. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:6892-902. [PMID: 21585200 DOI: 10.1021/jp111825n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present in this work the study of small (4)He(N)-Cs(2)((3)Σ(u)) aggregates (2 ≤ N ≤ 30) through combined variational, diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC), and path integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) calculations. The full surface is modeled as an addition of He-Cs(2) interactions and He-He potentials. Given the negligible strength and large range of the He-Cs(2) interaction as compared with the one for He-He, a propensity of the helium atoms to pack themselves together, leaving outside the molecular dopant is to be expected. DMC calculations determine the onset of helium gathering at N = 3. To analyze energetic and structural properties as a function of N, PIMC calculations with no bosonic exchange, i.e., Boltzmann statistics, at low temperatures are carried out. At T = 0.1 K, although acceptable one-particle He-Cs(2) distributions are obtained, two-particle He-He distributions are not well described, indicating that the proper symmetry should be taken into account. PIMC distributions at T = 1 K already compare well with DMC ones and show minor exchange effects, although binding energies are still far from having converged in terms of the number of quantum beads. As N increases, the He-He PIMC pair correlation function shows a clear tendency to coincide with the experimental boson-liquid helium one at that temperature. It supports the picture of a helium droplet which carries the molecular impurity on its surface, as found earlier for other triplet dimers.
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40
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Jansen P, Xu LH, Kleiner I, Ubachs W, Bethlem HL. Methanol as a sensitive probe for spatial and temporal variations of the proton-to-electron mass ratio. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:100801. [PMID: 21469780 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.100801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The 6.7 and 12.2 GHz masers, corresponding to the 5(1) → 6(0)A+ and 2(0) → 3(-1)E transitions in methanol (CH3OH), respectively, are among the brightest radio objects in the sky. We present calculations for the sensitivity of these and other transitions in the ground state of methanol to a variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio. We show that the sensitivity is greatly enhanced due to a cancellation of energies associated with the hindered internal rotation and the overall rotation of the molecule. We find sensitivities of K(μ) = -42 and K(μ) = -33, for the 5(1) → 6(0)A+ and 2(0) → 3(-1)E transitions, respectively. The sensitivities of other transitions in the different isotopologues of methanol range from -88 to 330. This makes methanol a sensitive probe for spatial and temporal variations of the proton-to-electron mass ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Jansen
- Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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41
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Aikawa K, Akamatsu D, Hayashi M, Oasa K, Kobayashi J, Naidon P, Kishimoto T, Ueda M, Inouye S. Coherent transfer of photoassociated molecules into the rovibrational ground state. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:203001. [PMID: 21231225 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.203001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report on the direct conversion of laser-cooled 41K and 87Rb atoms into ultracold 41K87Rb molecules in the rovibrational ground state via photoassociation followed by stimulated Raman adiabatic passage. High-resolution spectroscopy based on the coherent transfer revealed the hyperfine structure of weakly bound molecules in an unexplored region. Our results show that a rovibrationally pure sample of ultracold ground-state molecules is achieved via the all-optical association of laser-cooled atoms, opening possibilities to coherently manipulate a wide variety of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Aikawa
- Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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42
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Ma J, Wu J, Zhao Y, Xiao L, Jia S. Determination of the rotational constant of the Cs2 0g- (6s + 6p3/2) state by trap loss spectroscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2010; 18:17089-17095. [PMID: 20721097 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.017089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
we demonstrated a high sensitive trap-loss spectroscopy technique by modulating fluorescence of cold atoms in magneto-optical trap, which allow a direct spectroscopy detection of the rovibrational levels with a very weak transition probability. The low-lying vibrational spectroscopy of upsilon = 3 approximately 17 of Cs(2) 0g- pure long-range state have been observed with rotational structures, which are well resolved up to J = 8. The rotational constants are obtained by fitting experimental data to a nonrigid rotation model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006 P.R.China
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Xie F, Sovkov VB, Lyyra AM, Li D, Ingram S, Bai J, Ivanov VS, Magnier S, Li L. Experimental investigation of the Cs2 a Σ3u+ triplet ground state: Multiparameter Morse long range potential analysis and molecular constants. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:051102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3075580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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44
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Rousseau VG, Denteneer PJH. Feshbach-einstein condensates. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:015301. [PMID: 19257204 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.015301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2008] [Revised: 11/13/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the phase diagram of a two-species Bose-Hubbard model describing atoms and molecules on a lattice, interacting via a Feshbach resonance. We identify a region where the system exhibits an exotic super-Mott phase and regions with phases characterized by atomic and/or molecular condensates. Our approach is based on a recently developed exact quantum Monte Carlo algorithm: the stochastic Green function algorithm with tunable directionality. We confirm some of the results predicted by mean-field studies, but we also find disagreement with these studies. In particular, we find a phase with an atomic but no molecular condensate, which is missing in all mean-field phase diagrams.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Rousseau
- Instituut-Lorentz, LION, Universiteit Leiden, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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45
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Bethlem HL, Ubachs W. Testing the time-invariance of fundamental constants using microwave spectroscopy on cold diatomic radicals. Faraday Discuss 2009; 142:25-36; discussion 93-111. [DOI: 10.1039/b819099b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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46
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Danzl JG, Mark MJ, Haller E, Gustavsson M, Bouloufa N, Dulieu O, Ritsch H, Hart R, Nägerl HC. Precision molecular spectroscopy for ground state transfer of molecular quantum gases. Faraday Discuss 2009; 142:283-95; discussion 319-34. [DOI: 10.1039/b820542f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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47
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Danzl JG, Haller E, Gustavsson M, Mark MJ, Hart R, Bouloufa N, Dulieu O, Ritsch H, Nagerl HC. Quantum Gas of Deeply Bound Ground State Molecules. Science 2008; 321:1062-6. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1159909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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48
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Hudson ER, Gilfoy NB, Kotochigova S, Sage JM, DeMille D. Inelastic collisions of ultracold heteronuclear molecules in an optical trap. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:203201. [PMID: 18518530 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.203201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Ultracold RbCs molecules in high-lying vibrational levels of the a3Sigma+ ground electronic state are confined in an optical trap. Inelastic collision rates of these molecules with both Rb and Cs atoms are determined for individual vibrational levels, across an order of magnitude of binding energies. The long-range dispersion coefficients for the collision process are calculated and used in a model that accurately reproduce the observed scattering rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric R Hudson
- Department of Physics, Yale University, 217 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA.
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49
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Zelevinsky T, Kotochigova S, Ye J. Precision test of mass-ratio variations with lattice-confined ultracold molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:043201. [PMID: 18352267 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.043201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We propose a precision measurement of time variations of the proton-electron mass ratio using ultracold molecules in an optical lattice. Vibrational energy intervals are sensitive to changes of the mass ratio. In contrast to measurements that use hyperfine-interval-based atomic clocks, the scheme discussed here is model independent and does not require separation of time variations of different physical constants. The possibility of applying the zero-differential-Stark-shift optical lattice technique is explored to measure vibrational transitions at high accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Zelevinsky
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
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