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Sabulsky DO, Junca J, Zou X, Bertoldi A, Prevedelli M, Beaufils Q, Geiger R, Landragin A, Bouyer P, Canuel B. Multiphoton Atom Interferometry via Cavity-Enhanced Bragg Diffraction. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:213601. [PMID: 38856273 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.213601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
We present a novel atom interferometer configuration that combines large momentum transfer with the enhancement of an optical resonator for the purpose of measuring gravitational strain in the horizontal directions. Using Bragg diffraction and taking advantage of the optical gain provided by the resonator, we achieve momentum transfer up to 8ℏk with mW level optical power in a cm-sized resonating waist. Importantly, our experiment uses an original resonator design that allows for a large resonating beam waist and eliminates the need to trap atoms in cavity modes. We demonstrate inertial sensitivity in the horizontal direction by measuring the change in tilt of our resonator. This result paves the way for future hybrid atom or optical gravitational wave detectors. Furthermore, the versatility of our method extends to a wide range of measurement geometries and atomic sources, opening up new avenues for the realization of highly sensitive inertial atom sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D O Sabulsky
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - J Junca
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - X Zou
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - A Bertoldi
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - M Prevedelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, Via Berti-Pichat 6/2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Q Beaufils
- LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - R Geiger
- LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - A Landragin
- LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - P Bouyer
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - B Canuel
- LP2N, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences, Université Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS:UMR 5298, rue F. Mitterrand, F-33400 Talence, France
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2
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Shui H, Lai CK, Yu Z, Tian J, Wu C, Chen X, Zhou X. Optimal lattice depth on lifetime of D-band ultracold atoms in a triangular optical lattice. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:26599-26609. [PMID: 37710517 DOI: 10.1364/oe.489823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Ultracold atoms in optical lattices are a flexible and effective platform for quantum precision measurement, and the lifetime of high-band atoms is an essential parameter for the performance of quantum sensors. In this work, we investigate the relationship between the lattice depth and the lifetime of D-band atoms in a triangular optical lattice and show that there is an optimal lattice depth for the maximum lifetime. After loading the Bose-Einstein condensate into D band of optical lattice by shortcut method, we observe the atomic distribution in quasi-momentum space for the different evolution time, and measure the atomic lifetime at D band with different lattice depths. The lifetime is maximized at an optimal lattice depth, where the overlaps between the wave function of D band and other bands (mainly S band) are minimized. Additionally, we discuss the influence of atomic temperature on lifetime. These experimental results are in agreement with our numerical simulations. This work paves the way to improve coherence properties of optical lattices, and contributes to the implications for the development of quantum precision measurement, quantum communication, and quantum computing.
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3
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Mao DK, Deng XB, Luo HQ, Xu YY, Zhou MK, Duan XC, Hu ZK. A dual-magneto-optical-trap atom gravity gradiometer for determining the Newtonian gravitational constant. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:053202. [PMID: 34243337 DOI: 10.1063/5.0040701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As part of a program to determine the gravitational constant G using multiple independent methods in the same laboratory, an atom gravity gradiometer is being developed. The gradiometer is designed with two magneto-optical traps to ensure both the fast simultaneous launch of two atomic clouds and an optimized configuration of source masses. Here, the design of the G measurement by atom interferometry is detailed, and the experimental setup of the atom gravity gradiometer is reported. A preliminary sensitivity of 3 × 10-9 g/Hz to differential gravity acceleration is obtained, which corresponds to 99 E/Hz (1 E = 10-9 s-2) for the gradiometer with a baseline of 0.3 m. This provides access to measuring G at the level of less than 200 parts per million in the first experimental stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Kai Mao
- Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bing Deng
- Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Qing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao-Yao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Min-Kang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Chun Duan
- Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Kun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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4
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Determination of the fine-structure constant with an accuracy of 81 parts per trillion. Nature 2020; 588:61-65. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2964-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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5
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Sun YR, Hu SM. Precision spectroscopy of atomic helium. Natl Sci Rev 2020; 7:1818-1827. [PMID: 34691519 PMCID: PMC8288801 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaa216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Helium is a prototype three-body system and has long been a model system for developing quantum mechanics theory and computational methods. The fine-structure splitting in the 23P state of helium is considered to be the most suitable for determining the fine-structure constant α in atoms. After more than 50 years of efforts by many theorists and experimentalists, we are now working toward a determination of α with an accuracy of a few parts per billion, which can be compared to the results obtained by entirely different methods to verify the self-consistency of quantum electrodynamics. Moreover, the precision spectroscopy of helium allows determination of the nuclear charge radius, and it is expected to help resolve the 'proton radius puzzle'. In this review, we introduce the latest developments in the precision spectroscopy of the helium atom, especially the discrepancies among theoretical and experimental results, and give an outlook on future progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu R Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, iChem Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shui-Ming Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, iChem Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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6
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Laboratory Courses on Laser Spectroscopy and Atom Trapping. ATOMS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/atoms8020025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We present an overview of experiments covered in two semester-length laboratory courses dedicated to laser spectroscopy and atom trapping. These courses constitute a powerful approach for teaching experimental physics in a manner that is both contemporary and capable of providing the background and skills relevant to a variety of research laboratories. The courses are designed to be accessible for all undergraduate streams in physics and applied physics as well as incoming graduate students. In the introductory course, students carry out several experiments in atomic and laser physics. In a follow up course, students trap atoms in a magneto-optical trap and carry out preliminary investigations of the properties of laser cooled atoms based on the expertise acquired in the first course. We discuss details of experiments, impact, possible course formats, budgetary requirements, and challenges related to long-term maintenance.
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7
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A Novel Monitoring Navigation Method for Cold Atom Interference Gyroscope. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19020222. [PMID: 30634445 PMCID: PMC6359164 DOI: 10.3390/s19020222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The implementation principle of a typical three-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope is introduced in this paper. Based on its configuration and current research status, the problems of cold atom interference gyro are pointed out. The data-rate is insufficient, and it is difficult to achieve high dynamic measurement. Then, based on these two limitations, a novel design of the monitoring navigation system of the cold atom interference gyroscope (CAIG) and an intermediate-grade inertial measurement unit (IMU) was proposed to obtain the long-term position result without GPS signals, such as the Inertial Navigation System (INS) in underwater vehicles. While the CAIG was used as the external gyro, the bias of IMU and the misalignment angle between the CAIG-frame and the IMU-frame are obtained through filtering technique. The simulation test and field test demonstrated the improvements of the long-term positioning accuracy of the INS.
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8
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D'Amico G, Rosi G, Zhan S, Cacciapuoti L, Fattori M, Tino GM. Canceling the Gravity Gradient Phase Shift in Atom Interferometry. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:253201. [PMID: 29303327 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.253201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Gravity gradients represent a major obstacle in high-precision measurements by atom interferometry. Controlling their effects to the required stability and accuracy imposes very stringent requirements on the relative positioning of freely falling atomic clouds, as in the case of precise tests of Einstein's equivalence principle. We demonstrate a new method to exactly compensate the effects introduced by gravity gradients in a Raman-pulse atom interferometer. By shifting the frequency of the Raman lasers during the central π pulse, it is possible to cancel the initial position- and velocity-dependent phase shift produced by gravity gradients. We apply this technique to simultaneous interferometers positioned along the vertical direction and demonstrate a new method for measuring local gravity gradients that does not require precise knowledge of the relative position between the atomic clouds. Based on this method, we also propose an improved scheme to determine the Newtonian gravitational constant G towards the 10 ppm relative uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D'Amico
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia and LENS, Università di Firenze, INFN Sezione di Firenze, via Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - G Rosi
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia and LENS, Università di Firenze, INFN Sezione di Firenze, via Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - S Zhan
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia and LENS, Università di Firenze, INFN Sezione di Firenze, via Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - L Cacciapuoti
- European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands
| | - M Fattori
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia and LENS, Università di Firenze, INFN Sezione di Firenze, via Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - G M Tino
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia and LENS, Università di Firenze, INFN Sezione di Firenze, via Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
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9
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Large Fizeau's light-dragging effect in a moving electromagnetically induced transparent medium. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13030. [PMID: 27694938 PMCID: PMC5063957 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most influential experiments on the development of modern macroscopic theory from Newtonian mechanics to Einstein's special theory of relativity, the phenomenon of light dragging in a moving medium has been discussed and observed extensively in different types of systems. To have a significant dragging effect, the long duration of light travelling in the medium is preferred. Here we demonstrate a light-dragging experiment in an electromagnetically induced transparent cold atomic ensemble and enhance the dragging effect by at least three orders of magnitude compared with the previous experiments. With a large enhancement of the dragging effect, we realize an atom-based velocimeter that has a sensitivity two orders of magnitude higher than the velocity width of the atomic medium used. Such a demonstration could pave the way for motional sensing using the collective state of atoms in a room temperature vapour cell or solid state material. Phase velocity of light can be slowed down when passing through a moving medium. Here the authors demonstrate a light dragging effect enhanced by three orders of magnitude over previous reports by using electromagnetically induced transparency in cold Rubidium atoms and utilize this effect for motion sensors.
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10
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11
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Karshenboim SG. Progress in the accuracy of the fundamental physical constants: 2010 CODATA recommended values. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.3367/ufnr.0183.201309d.0935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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12
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Bouchendira R, Cladé P, Guellati-Khélifa S, Nez F, Biraben F. New determination of the fine structure constant and test of the quantum electrodynamics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:080801. [PMID: 21405559 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.080801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We report a new measurement of the ratio h/m(Rb) between the Planck constant and the mass of (87)Rb atom. A new value of the fine structure constant is deduced, α(-1)=137.035999037(91) with a relative uncertainty of 6.6×10(-10). Using this determination, we obtain a theoretical value of the electron anomaly a(e)=0.00115965218113(84), which is in agreement with the experimental measurement of Gabrielse [a(e)=0.00115965218073(28)]. The comparison of these values provides the most stringent test of the QED. Moreover, the precision is large enough to verify for the first time the muonic and hadronic contributions to this anomaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rym Bouchendira
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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13
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Smiciklas M, Shiner D. Determination of the fine structure constant using helium fine structure. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:123001. [PMID: 20867632 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.123001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We measure 31,908,131.25(30) kHz for the 2(3)}P J=0 to 2 fine structure interval in helium. The difference between this and theory to order mα7 (20 Hz numerical uncertainty) implies 0.22(30) kHz for uncalculated terms. The measurement is performed by using atomic beam and electro-optic laser techniques. Various checks include a 3He 2{3}S hyperfine measurement. We can obtain an independent value for the fine structure constant α with a 5 ppb experimental uncertainty. However, dominant mα8 terms (potentially 1.2 kHz) limit the overall uncertainty to a less competitive 20 ppb in α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Smiciklas
- Department of Physics, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, USA
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14
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Talukdar I, Shrestha R, Summy GS. Sub-Fourier characteristics of a δ-kicked-rotor resonance. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:054103. [PMID: 20867924 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.054103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Revised: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally investigate the sub-Fourier behavior of a δ-kicked-rotor resonance by performing a measurement of the fidelity or overlap of a Bose-Einstein condensate exposed to a periodically pulsed standing wave. The temporal width of the fidelity resonance peak centered at the Talbot time and zero initial momentum exhibits an inverse cube pulse number (1/N3)-dependent scaling compared to a 1/N2 dependence for the mean energy width at the same resonance. A theoretical analysis shows that for an accelerating potential the width of the resonance in acceleration space depends on 1/N3, a property which we also verify experimentally. Such a sub-Fourier effect could be useful for high precision gravity measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Talukdar
- Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078-3072, USA
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15
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Karshenboim SG. Precision physics of simple atoms and constraints on a light boson with ultraweak coupling. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:220406. [PMID: 20867154 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.220406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Constraint on spin-dependent and spin-independent Yukawa potential at atomic scale is developed. That covers constraints on a coupling constant of an additional photon γ* and a pseudovector boson. The mass range considered is from 1 eV/c2 to 1 MeV/c2. The strongest constraint on a coupling constant α' is at the level of a few parts in 10913) (for γ*) and below one part in 10(16) (for a pseudovector) corresponding to mass below 1 keV/c2. The constraints are derived from low-energy tests of quantum electrodynamics and are based on spectroscopic data on light hydrogenlike atoms and experiments with magnetic moments of leptons and light nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Karshenboim
- D. I. Mendeleev Institute for Metrology, St. Petersburg, 190005, Russia.
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16
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Pachucki K, Yerokhin VA. Fine structure of heliumlike ions and determination of the fine structure constant. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:070403. [PMID: 20366863 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.070403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We report a calculation of the fine-structure splitting in light heliumlike atoms, which accounts for all quantum electrodynamical effects up to order alpha{5} Ry. For the helium atom, we resolve the previously reported disagreement between theory and experiment and determine the fine-structure constant with an accuracy of 31 ppb. The calculational results are extensively checked by comparison with the experimental data for different nuclear charges and by evaluation of the hydrogenic limit of individual corrections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Pachucki
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Warsaw, Hoza 69, 00-681 Warsaw, Poland
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17
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Döring D, Debs JE, Robins NP, Figl C, Altin PA, Close JD. Ramsey interferometry with an atom laser. OPTICS EXPRESS 2009; 17:20661-20668. [PMID: 19997295 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.020661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present results on a free-space atom interferometer operating on the first order magnetically insensitive |F = 1,mF = 0) --> |F = 2,mF = 0) ground state transition of Bose-condensed (87)Rb atoms. A pulsed atom laser is output-coupled from a Bose-Einstein condensate and propagates through a sequence of two internal state beam splitters, realized via coherent Raman transitions between the two interfering states. We observe Ramsey fringes with a visibility close to 100% and determine the current and the potentially achievable interferometric phase sensitivity. This system is well suited to testing recent proposals for generating and detecting squeezed atomic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Döring
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Quantum-Atom Optics, The Australian National University, ACT 0200, Australia.
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18
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Amelino-Camelia G, Lämmerzahl C, Mercati F, Tino GM. Constraining the energy-momentum dispersion relation with Planck-scale sensitivity using cold atoms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:171302. [PMID: 19905745 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.171302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We use the results of ultraprecise cold-atom-recoil experiments to constrain the form of the energy-momentum dispersion relation, a structure that is expected to be modified in several quantum-gravity approaches. Our strategy of analysis applies to the nonrelativistic (small speeds) limit of the dispersion relation, and is therefore complementary to an analogous ongoing effort of investigation of the dispersion relation in the ultrarelativistic regime using observations in astrophysics. For the leading correction in the nonrelativistic limit the exceptional sensitivity of cold-atom-recoil experiments remarkably allows us to set a limit within a single order of magnitude of the desired Planck-scale level, thereby providing the first example of Planck-scale sensitivity in the study of the dispersion relation in controlled laboratory experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Amelino-Camelia
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza and Sezione Roma1 INFN, Piazzale Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
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19
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Gibble K. Decoherence and collisional frequency shifts of trapped bosons and fermions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:113202. [PMID: 19792369 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.113202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We perform exact calculations of collisional frequency shifts for several fermions or bosons using a singlet and triplet basis for pairs of particles. The "factor of 2 controversy" for bosons becomes clear-the factor is always 2. Decoherence is described by singlet states and they are unaffected by spatially uniform clock fields. Spatial variations are critical, especially for fermions which were previously thought to be immune to collision shifts. The spatial variations lead to decoherence and a novel frequency shift that is not proportional to the partial density of internal states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Gibble
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA and LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, 75014 Paris, France
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20
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Chiow SW, Herrmann S, Chu S, Müller H. Noise-immune conjugate large-area atom interferometers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:050402. [PMID: 19792468 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.050402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present a pair of simultaneous conjugate Ramsey-Bordé atom interferometers using large (20variant Planck's over 2pik)-momentum transfer beam splitters, where variant Planck's over 2pik is the photon momentum. Simultaneous operation allows for common-mode rejection of vibrational noise. This allows us to surpass the enclosed space-time area of previous interferometers with a splitting of 20variant Planck's over 2pik by a factor of 2500. Using a splitting of 10variant Planck's over 2pik, we demonstrate a 3.4 ppb resolution in the measurement of the fine structure constant. Examples for applications in tests of fundamental laws of physics are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Wey Chiow
- Physics Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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21
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Cladé P, Guellati-Khélifa S, Nez F, Biraben F. Large momentum beam splitter using Bloch oscillations. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:240402. [PMID: 19658984 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.240402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The sensitivity of an inertial sensor based on an atomic interferometer is proportional to the velocity separation of atoms in the two arms of the interferometer. In this Letter we describe how Bloch oscillations can be used to increase this separation and to create a large momentum transfer (LMT) beam splitter. We experimentally demonstrate a separation of 10 recoil velocities. Light shifts during the acceleration introduce phase fluctuations which can reduce the fringes contrast. We precisely calculate this effect and demonstrate that it can be significantly reduced by using a suitable combination of LMT pulses. We finally show that this method seems to be very promising to realize a LMT beam splitter with several tens of recoils and a very good efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Cladé
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, UPMC, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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22
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Liu J, Salumbides EJ, Hollenstein U, Koelemeij JCJ, Eikema KSE, Ubachs W, Merkt F. Determination of the ionization and dissociation energies of the hydrogen molecule. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:174306. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3120443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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