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Yu ZF, Xue JK. Photonic transistor based on a coupled-cavity system with polaritons. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:26276-26288. [PMID: 37710491 DOI: 10.1364/oe.492686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the transmission of probe fields in a coupled-cavity system with polaritons and propose a theoretical schema for realizing a polariton-based photonic transistor. When probe light passes through such a hybrid optomechanical device, its resonant point with Stokes or anti-Stokes scattered effects, intensity with amplification or attenuation effects, as well as group velocity with slow or fast light effects can be effectively controlled by another pump light. This controlling depends on the exciton-photon coupling and single-photon coupling. We also discover an asymmetric Fano resonance in transparency windows under the strong exciton-photon coupling, which is different from general symmetric optomechanically induced transparency. Our results open up exciting possibilities for designing photonic transistors, which may be useful for implementing polariton integrated circuits.
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2
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De J, Ma X, Yin F, Ren J, Yao J, Schumacher S, Liao Q, Fu H, Malpuech G, Solnyshkov D. Room-Temperature Electrical Field-Enhanced Ultrafast Switch in Organic Microcavity Polariton Condensates. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:1557-1563. [PMID: 36630440 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Integrated electro-optical switches are essential as one of the fundamental elements in the development of modern optoelectronics. As an architecture for photonic systems exciton polaritons, hybrid bosonic quasiparticles that possess unique properties derived from both excitons and photons, have shown much promise. For this system, we demonstrate a significant improvement of emitted intensity and condensation threshold by applying an electric field to a microcavity filled with an organic microbelt. Our theoretical investigations indicate that the electric field makes the excitons dipolar and induces an enhancement of the exciton-polariton interaction and of the polariton lifetime. Based on these electric field-induced changes, a sub-nanosecond electrical field-enhanced polariton condensate switch is realized at room temperature, providing the basis for developing an on-chip integrated photonic device in the strong light-matter coupling regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo De
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing100048, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Institute of Molecule Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, P. R. China
| | - Xuekai Ma
- Department of Physics and Center for Optoelectronics and Photonics Paderborn (CeOPP), Universität Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098Paderborn, Germany
| | - Fan Yin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Institute of Molecule Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, P. R. China
| | - Jiahuan Ren
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Institute of Molecule Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, P. R. China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Institute of Molecule Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, P. R. China
| | - Stefan Schumacher
- Department of Physics and Center for Optoelectronics and Photonics Paderborn (CeOPP), Universität Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098Paderborn, Germany.,Wyant College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona85721, United States
| | - Qing Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbing Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Guillaume Malpuech
- PHOTON-N2, CNRS, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont INP, F-63000Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Dmitry Solnyshkov
- PHOTON-N2, CNRS, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont INP, F-63000Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231Paris, France
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3
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Kyriienko O, Krizhanovskii DN, Shelykh IA. Nonlinear Quantum Optics with Trion Polaritons in 2D Monolayers: Conventional and Unconventional Photon Blockade. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:197402. [PMID: 33216594 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.197402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We study a 2D system of trion polaritons at the quantum level and demonstrate that for monolayer semiconductors they can exhibit a strongly nonlinear optical response. The effect is due to the composite nature of trion-based excitations resulting in their nontrivial quantum statistical properties, and enhanced phase space filling effects. We present the full quantum theory to describe the statistics of trion polaritons, and demonstrate that the associated nonlinearity persists at the level of few quanta, where two qualitatively different regimes of photon antibunching are present for weak and strong single photon-trion coupling. We find that single photon emission from trion polaritons becomes experimentally feasible in state-of-the-art transition metal dichalcogenide setups. This can foster the development of quantum polaritonics using 2D monolayers as a material platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Kyriienko
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QL, United Kingdom
| | - D N Krizhanovskii
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - I A Shelykh
- Department of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi-3, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
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4
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Barkhausen F, Schumacher S, Ma X. Multistable circular currents of polariton condensates trapped in ring potentials. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:1192-1195. [PMID: 32108803 DOI: 10.1364/ol.386250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the formation and trapping of different stationary solutions, oscillatory solutions, and rotating solutions of a polariton condensate in a planar semiconductor microcavity with a built-in ring-shaped potential well. Multistable ring-shaped solutions are trapped in shallow potential wells. These solutions have the same ring-shaped density distribution but different topological charges, corresponding to different orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the emitted light. For stronger confinement potentials, besides the fundamental modes, higher excited (dipole) modes can also be trapped. If two modes are excited simultaneously, their beating produces a complex oscillation or rotation dynamics. When the two modes have the same OAM, a double-ring solution forms for which the density oscillates between the inner and the outer ring. When the two modes have different OAM, a rotating solution with fractional OAM is created.
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5
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Schmidt D, Berger B, Kahlert M, Bayer M, Schneider C, Höfling S, Sedov ES, Kavokin AV, Aßmann M. Tracking Dark Excitons with Exciton Polaritons in Semiconductor Microcavities. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:047403. [PMID: 30768323 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.047403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Dark excitons are of fundamental importance for a wide variety of processes in semiconductors but are difficult to investigate using optical techniques due to their weak interaction with light fields. We reveal and characterize dark excitons nonresonantly injected into a semiconductor microcavity structure containing InGaAs/GaAs quantum wells by a gated train of eight 100 fs pulses separated by 13 ns by monitoring their interactions with the bright lower polariton mode. We find a surprisingly long dark exciton lifetime of more than 20 ns, which is longer than the time delay between two consecutive pulses. This creates a memory effect that we clearly observe through the variation of the time-resolved transmission signal. We propose a rate equation model that provides a quantitative agreement with the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Schmidt
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - B Berger
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - M Kahlert
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - M Bayer
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
- A. F. Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia
| | - C Schneider
- Technische Physik, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - S Höfling
- Technische Physik, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - E S Sedov
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, SO17 1NJ Southampton, United Kingdom
- Vladimir State University named after A. G. and N. G. Stoletovs, Gorky Street 87, 600000, Vladimir, Russia
| | - A V Kavokin
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, Ulanovskaya 1, Peterhof, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
- International Center for Polaritonics, Westlake University, No. 18, Shilongshan Road, Cloud Town, Xihu District, Hangzhou, China
| | - M Aßmann
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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6
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Ma X, Schumacher S. Vortex Multistability and Bessel Vortices in Polariton Condensates. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:227404. [PMID: 30547643 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.227404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Vortices are topological objects formed in coherent nonlinear systems. As such they are studied in a wide number of physical systems and promise applications in information storage, processing, and communication. In semiconductor microcavities, vortices in polariton condensates can be conveniently created, studied, and manipulated using solely optical means. For nonresonant excitation with a ring-shaped pump a stable vortex can be formed, leading to bistability with left- and right-handed vorticity. In the present work we report on a much richer vortex multistability, with optically addressable vortices with topological charges m=±1, ±2, and ±3, all stable for the same system and excitation parameters. This unusual multistable behavior is rooted in the inherent nonlinear feedback between reservoir excitations and condensate in the microcavity. For larger radius of the ring-shaped pump we also find a Bessel vortex with its characteristic spiralling phase in the high density region and pronounced self-stabilization ability. Our theoretical results open up exciting possibilities for optical manipulation of vortex multiplets in a compact semiconductor system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuekai Ma
- Department of Physics and Center for Optoelectronics and Photonics Paderborn (CeOPP), Universität Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Stefan Schumacher
- Department of Physics and Center for Optoelectronics and Photonics Paderborn (CeOPP), Universität Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
- College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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7
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Pickup L, Kalinin K, Askitopoulos A, Hatzopoulos Z, Savvidis PG, Berloff NG, Lagoudakis PG. Optical Bistability under Nonresonant Excitation in Spinor Polariton Condensates. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:225301. [PMID: 29906137 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.225301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We realize bistability in the spinor of polariton condensates under nonresonant optical excitation and in the absence of biasing external fields. Numerical modeling of the system using the Ginzburg-Landau equation with an internal Josephson coupling between the two spin components of the condensate qualitatively describes the experimental observations. We demonstrate that polariton spin bistability strongly depends on the condensate's overlap with the exciton reservoir by tuning the excitation geometry and sample temperature. We obtain noncollapsing bistability hysteresis loops for a record range of sweep times, [10 μs, 1 s], offering a promising route to spin switches and spin memory elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pickup
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - K Kalinin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 143026, Russian Federation
| | - A Askitopoulos
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Z Hatzopoulos
- Microelectronics Research Group, IESL-FORTH, P.O. Box 1527, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Physics, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - P G Savvidis
- Microelectronics Research Group, IESL-FORTH, P.O. Box 1527, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, 71003, Crete, Greece
- ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - N G Berloff
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 143026, Russian Federation
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom
| | - P G Lagoudakis
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 143026, Russian Federation
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8
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Ding SJ, Li X, Nan F, Zhong YT, Zhou L, Xiao X, Wang QQ, Zhang Z. Strongly Asymmetric Spectroscopy in Plasmon-Exciton Hybrid Systems due to Interference-Induced Energy Repartitioning. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:177401. [PMID: 29219439 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.177401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent intense effort has been devoted to exploring different manifestations of resonant excitations of strongly coupled plasmons and excitons, but so far such studies have been limited to situations where the Fano- or Rabi-type spectra are largely symmetric at zero detuning. Using a newly developed full quantum mechanical model, here we reveal the existence of a highly asymmetric spectroscopic regime for both the Rabi splitting and transparency dip. The asymmetric nature is inherently tied to the non-negligible exciton absorbance and is caused by substantial interference-induced energy repartitioning of the resonance peaks. This theoretical framework can be exploited to reveal the quantum behaviors of the two excitation entities with varying mutual coupling strengths in both linear and nonlinear regimes. We also use prototypical systems of rhodamine molecules strongly coupled with AuAg alloyed nanoparticles and well-devised control experiments to demonstrate the validity and tunability of the energy repartitioning and correlated electronic state occupations, as captured by the variations in the asymmetric spectroscopy and corresponding nonlinear absorption coefficient as a function of the Au:Ag ratio. The present study helps to substantially enrich our microscopic understanding of strongly coupled plasmon-exciton systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Jing Ding
- Department of Physics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Fan Nan
- Department of Physics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Yu-Ting Zhong
- Department of Physics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Physics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Xudong Xiao
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territory 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qu-Quan Wang
- Department of Physics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
- Institute for Advanced Study, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials (ICQD), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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9
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Suchomel H, Brodbeck S, Liew TCH, Amthor M, Klaas M, Klembt S, Kamp M, Höfling S, Schneider C. Prototype of a bistable polariton field-effect transistor switch. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5114. [PMID: 28698678 PMCID: PMC5506067 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05277-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microcavity exciton polaritons are promising candidates to build a new generation of highly nonlinear and integrated optoelectronic devices. Such devices range from novel coherent light emitters to reconfigurable potential landscapes for electro-optical polariton-lattice based quantum simulators as well as building blocks of optical logic architectures. Especially for the latter, the strongly interacting nature of the light-matter hybrid particles has been used to facilitate fast and efficient switching of light by light, something which is very hard to achieve with weakly interacting photons. We demonstrate here that polariton transistor switches can be fully integrated in electro-optical schemes by implementing a one-dimensional polariton channel which is operated by an electrical gate rather than by a control laser beam. The operation of the device, which is the polariton equivalent to a field-effect transistor, relies on combining electro-optical potential landscape engineering with local exciton ionization to control the scattering dynamics underneath the gate. We furthermore demonstrate that our device has a region of negative differential resistance and features a completely new way to create bistable behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Suchomel
- Technische Physik and Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen-Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - S Brodbeck
- Technische Physik and Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen-Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - T C H Liew
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - M Amthor
- Technische Physik and Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen-Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - M Klaas
- Technische Physik and Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen-Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - S Klembt
- Technische Physik and Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen-Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - M Kamp
- Technische Physik and Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen-Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - S Höfling
- Technische Physik and Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen-Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany.,SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY 16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - C Schneider
- Technische Physik and Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen-Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany.
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10
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Ma X, Egorov OA, Schumacher S. Creation and Manipulation of Stable Dark Solitons and Vortices in Microcavity Polariton Condensates. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:157401. [PMID: 28452514 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.157401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Solitons and vortices obtain widespread attention in different physical systems as they offer potential use in information storage, processing, and communication. In exciton-polariton condensates in semiconductor microcavities, solitons and vortices can be created optically. However, dark solitons are unstable and vortices cannot be spatially controlled. In the present work we demonstrate the existence of stable dark solitons and vortices under nonresonant incoherent excitation of a polariton condensate with a simple spatially periodic pump. In one dimension, we show that an additional coherent light pulse can be used to create or destroy a dark soliton in a controlled manner. In two dimensions we demonstrate that a coherent light beam can be used to move a vortex to a specific position on the lattice or be set into motion by simply switching the periodic pump structure from two-dimensional (lattice) to one-dimensional (stripes). Our theoretical results open up exciting possibilities for optical on-demand generation and control of dark solitons and vortices in polariton condensates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuekai Ma
- Department of Physics and Center for Optoelectronics and Photonics Paderborn (CeOPP), Universität Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Oleg A Egorov
- Institute of Condensed Matter Theory and Solid State Optics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Schumacher
- Department of Physics and Center for Optoelectronics and Photonics Paderborn (CeOPP), Universität Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
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11
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Zhao X, Chen L, Chen J, Shi W, Liu F. Color-tunable emission of quantum dots via strong exciton-plasmon coupling in nanoporous gold structure at room temperature. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:20219-20227. [PMID: 27607629 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate the color-tunable emission of CdTe quantum dots (QDs) enabled by strongly coupling the QDs to the nanoporous gold (NPG) structure at room temperature. By manipulating the concentrations of the QDs or the excitation flux of the laser, the coupling strength between the excitons in QDs and the plasmons in NPG is controlled, resulting in a large Rabi splitting at the magnitude of hundreds of meV and a photoluminescence (PL) tuning distinguishable by the naked eye. In addition, such large PL tuning is enabled not only for the strong coupling occurring on resonance but also off resonance. We believe that our study offers a new approach towards designing and fabricating novel opto-electronic devices where dynamical and large spectral tuning of QD PL emission is desired.
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12
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Iorsh I, Alodjants A, Shelykh IA. Microcavity with saturable nonlinearity under simultaneous resonant and nonresonant pumping: multistability, Hopf bifurcations and chaotic behaviour. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:11505-11514. [PMID: 27410078 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.011505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We studied optical response of microcavity non-equilibrium exciton-polariton Bose-Einstein condensate with saturable nonlinearity under simultaneous resonant and non-resonant pumping. We demonstrated the emergence of multistabile behavior due to the saturation of the excitonic absorption. Stable periodic Rabi-type oscillations of the excitonic and photonic condensate components in the regime of the stationary pump and their transition to the chaotic dynamics through the cascade of Hopf bifurcations by tuning of the electrical pump are revealed.
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13
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Liu F, Zhan T, Zhu AY, Yi F, Shi W. Band structure and dispersion engineering of strongly coupled plasmon-phonon-polaritons in graphene-integrated structures. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:1480-1494. [PMID: 26832528 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.001480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically investigate the polaritonic band structure and dispersion properties of graphene using transfer matrix methods, with strongly coupled graphene plasmons (GPs) and molecular infrared vibrations as a representative example. Two common geometrical configurations are considered: graphene coupled subwavelength dielectric grating (GSWDG) and graphene nanoribbons (GNR). By exploiting the dispersion and the band structure, we show the possibility of tailoring desired polaritonic behavior in each of the two configurations. We compare the strength of coupling occurring in both structures and find that the interaction is stronger in GNR than that of GSWDG structure as a result of the stronger field confinement of the edge modes. The band structure and dispersion analysis not only sheds light on the physics of the hybridized polariton formation but also offers insight into tailoring the optical response of graphene light-matter interactions for numerous applications, such as biomolecular sensing and detection.
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14
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Zhang WL, Wu XM, Wang F, Ma R, Li XF, Rao YJ. Stark effect induced microcavity polariton solitons. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:15762-15767. [PMID: 26193554 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.015762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes a way of generating polariton solitons (PSs) in a semiconductor microcavity using Stark effect as the trigger mechanism. A Stark pulse performing as the writing beam is used to excite non-resonant fluctuations of polariton, which finally evolves into bright PSs. It is found that a branch of PS solutions versus pump parameters could be found through optimizing parameters of the Stark pulse, and polarization of the generated PS is dependent on the writing beam.
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15
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Berman OL, Kezerashvili RY, Kolmakov GV. Harnessing the polariton drag effect to design an electrically controlled optical switch. ACS NANO 2014; 8:10437-10447. [PMID: 25265156 DOI: 10.1021/nn503787q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We propose a design of a Y-shaped electrically controlled optical switch based on the studies of propagation of an exciton-polariton condensate in a patterned optical microcavity with an embedded quantum well. The polaritons are driven by a time-independent force due to the microcavity wedge shape and by a time-dependent drag force owing to the interaction of excitons in a quantum well and the electric current running in a neighboring quantum well. It is demonstrated that by applying the drag force one can direct more than 90% of the polariton flow toward the desired branch of the switch with no hysteresis. By considering the transient dynamics of the polariton condensate, we estimate the response speed of the switch as 9.1 GHz. We also propose a design of the polariton switch in a flat microcavity based on the geometrically identical Y-shaped quantum wells where the polariton flow is only induced by the drag force. The latter setup enables one to design a multiway switch that can act as an electrically controlled optical transistor with on and off functions. Finally, we performed the simulations for a microcavity with an embedded gapped graphene layer and demonstrated that in this case the response speed of the switch can be increased up to 14 GHz for the same switch size. The simulations also show that the energy gap in the quasiparticle spectrum in graphene can be utilized as an additional parameter that controls the propagation of the signals in the switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg L Berman
- Physics Department, New York City College of Technology, City University of New York , Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States
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16
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Kaliteevski MA, Ivanov KA, Pozina G, Gallant AJ. Single and double bosonic stimulation of THz emission in polaritonic systems. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5444. [PMID: 24962234 PMCID: PMC4069673 DOI: 10.1038/srep05444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of the surrounding cavity on the efficiency of different types of polaritonic emitters of THz radiation has been analysed. It is demonstrated that THz lasing threshold in realistic structures cannot be achieved without a THz cavity, due to destruction of polaritons via excitonic Mott transition. Even modest values of cavity quality factor (not exceeding 50) provide significant quantum efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Kaliteevski
- St-Petersburg Academic University Khlopina 8/3, 194021, 194021, St-Petersburg, Russia
- Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute of Russian Academy of Science, Polytechnicheskaya 26, 194021, St-Petersburg, Russia
| | - K. A. Ivanov
- St-Petersburg Academic University Khlopina 8/3, 194021, 194021, St-Petersburg, Russia
| | - G. Pozina
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, S-58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - A. J. Gallant
- School of Engineering and Computing Sciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham, UK DH1 3LE
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17
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Pervishko AA, Liew TCH, Kovalev VM, Savenko IG, Shelykh IA. Nonlinear effects in multi-photon polaritonics. OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 21:15183-15194. [PMID: 23842304 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.015183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We consider theoretically nonlinear effects in a semiconductor quantum well embedded inside a photonic microcavity. Two-photon absorption by a 2p exciton state is considered and investigated; the matrix element of two-photon absorption is calculated. We compute the emission spectrum of the sample and demonstrate that under coherent pumping the nonlinearity of the two photon absorption process gives rise to bistability.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Pervishko
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
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18
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Ballarini D, De Giorgi M, Cancellieri E, Houdré R, Giacobino E, Cingolani R, Bramati A, Gigli G, Sanvitto D. All-optical polariton transistor. Nat Commun 2013; 4:1778. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 353] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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19
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Zhang WL, Yu SF. Vectorial polariton solitons in semiconductor microcavities. OPTICS EXPRESS 2010; 18:21219-21224. [PMID: 20941018 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.021219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents numerical studies of vectorial polariton solitons in semiconductor microcavities. In the simulation, polarization degree of freedom of the polariton fields is taken into consideration. In the bistable regime, bright and/or dark solitons are found to bifurcate from the homogonous solutions of the two circular polarization modes. The combinations of solitons in the two polarization directions can be bright-dark, dark-bright, bright-bright, and dark-dark.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Zhang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
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20
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Paraïso TK, Wouters M, Léger Y, Morier-Genoud F, Deveaud-Plédran B. Multistability of a coherent spin ensemble in a semiconductor microcavity. NATURE MATERIALS 2010; 9:655-660. [PMID: 20601942 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 05/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Coherent manipulation of spin ensembles is a key issue in the development of spintronics. In particular, multivalued spin switching may lead to new schemes of logic gating and memories. This phenomenon has been studied with atom vapours 30 years ago, but is still awaited in the solid state. Here, we demonstrate spin multistability with microcavity polaritons in a trap. Owing to the spinor nature of these light-matter quasiparticles and to the anisotropy of their interactions, we can optically control the spin state of a single confined level by tuning the excitation power, frequency and polarization. First, we realize high-efficiency power-dependent polarization switching. Then, at constant excitation power, we evidence polarization hysteresis and determine the conditions for realizing multivalued spin switching. Finally, we demonstrate an unexpected regime, where our system behaves as a high-contrast spin trigger. These results open new pathways to the development of advanced spintronics devices and to the realization of multivalued logic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Paraïso
- Laboratory of Quantum Optoelectronics, EPFL, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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21
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Tlidi M, Vladimirov AG, Pieroux D, Turaev D. Spontaneous motion of cavity solitons induced by a delayed feedback. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:103904. [PMID: 19792313 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.103904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We study the properties of 2D cavity solitons in a coherently driven optical resonator subjected to a delayed feedback. The delay is found to induce a spontaneous motion of a single cavity soliton that is stationary and stable otherwise. This behavior occurs when the product of the delay time and the feedback strength exceeds some critical value. We derive an analytical formula for the speed of a moving soliton. Numerical results are in good agreement with analytical predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tlidi
- Optique Nonlinéaire Théorique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 231, Campus Plaine, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
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22
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Egorov OA, Skryabin DV, Yulin AV, Lederer F. Bright cavity polariton solitons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:153904. [PMID: 19518634 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.153904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The lower branch of the dispersion relation of exciton polaritons in semiconductor microcavities, operating in the strong-coupling regime, contains sections of both positive and negative curvature along one spatial direction. We show that this leads to the existence of stable one-dimensional bright microcavity solitons supported by the repulsive polariton nonlinearity. To achieve localization along the second transverse direction we propose to create a special soliton waveguide by changing the cavity detuning and hence the boundary of the soliton existence in such a way that the solitons are allowed only within the stripe of the desired width.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Egorov
- Institute of Condensed Matter Theory and Solid State Optics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
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