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Hauser AW, Havenith M, Koch M, Sterrer M. Festschrift for Wolfgang E. Ernst - electronic and nuclear dynamics and their interplay in molecules, clusters and on surfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:11880-11882. [PMID: 36880607 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp90052e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Guest editors, Andreas W. Hauser, Martina Havenith, Markus Koch and Martin Sterrer, introduce this themed issue dedicated to Professor Wolfgang E. Ernst on the occasion of his 70th birthday.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas W Hauser
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Martina Havenith
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Markus Koch
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Martin Sterrer
- Institute of Physics, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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Treiber L, Kanya R, Kitzler-Zeiler M, Koch M. Dynamics of Above-Threshold Ionization and Laser-Assisted Electron Scattering inside Helium Nanodroplets. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:8380-8387. [PMID: 36384271 PMCID: PMC9677425 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c05410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
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Laser-assisted electron scattering (LAES) is a fundamental
three
body interaction process that enables energy transfer between electrons
and photons in the presence of matter. Here, we focus on the multiscattering
regime of electrons generated by above-threshold ionization (ATI)
of In atoms inside a high-density nanostructure, helium nanodroplets
(HeN) of ∼40 Å radius. The stochastic nature
of the multiscattering regime results in photoelectron spectra independent
of laser polarization. Numerical simulations via tunnel-type ionization
followed by applying the Kroll–Watson approximation for LAES
are in agreement with experimental spectra and yield a mechanistic
description of electron generation and the LAES energy modulation
processes. We find a negligible influence of the electron start position
inside the helium droplet on the simulated electron energy spectrum.
Further, our simulations shine light on the interplay of electron
time of birth, number of LAES gain/loss events, and final kinetic
energy; early ionization leads to the largest number of scattering
events and thereby the highest electron kinetic energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Treiber
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010Graz, Austria
| | - Reika Kanya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami-Osawa, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo192-0397, Japan
- JST PRESTO, 1-1 minami-Osawa, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo192-0397, Japan
| | - Markus Kitzler-Zeiler
- Photonics Institute, Technische Universität Wien, Gusshausstrasse 27-29, 1040Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Koch
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010Graz, Austria
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Thaler B, Meyer R, Heim P, Ranftl S, Pototschnig JV, Hauser AW, Koch M, Ernst WE. Conservation of Hot Thermal Spin-Orbit Population of 2P Atoms in a Cold Quantum Fluid Environment. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:3977-3984. [PMID: 30973728 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b02920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The 0.4 K internal temperature of superfluid helium nanodroplets is believed to guarantee a corresponding ground-state population of dopant atoms and molecules inside this cryogenic matrix. We have recorded 6s ← 5p excitation spectra of indium atoms in helium droplets and found two absorption bands separated by about 2000 cm-1, a value close to the spin-orbit (SO) splitting of the In 2P ground state. The intensities of the bands agree with a thermal population of the 2P1/2 and 2P3/2 states at 870 K, the temperature of the In pick-up cell. Applying femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy, we found the same dynamical response of the helium solvation shell after the photoexcitation of the two bands. He-density functional theory simulations of the excitation spectra are in agreement with the bimodal structure. Our findings show that the population of SO levels of hot dopants is conserved after pick-up inside the superfluid droplet. Implications for the interpretation of experiments on molecular aggregates are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Thaler
- Institute of Experimental Physics , Graz University of Technology , Petersgasse 16 , 8010 Graz , Austria
| | - Ralf Meyer
- Institute of Experimental Physics , Graz University of Technology , Petersgasse 16 , 8010 Graz , Austria
| | - Pascal Heim
- Institute of Experimental Physics , Graz University of Technology , Petersgasse 16 , 8010 Graz , Austria
| | - Sascha Ranftl
- Institute of Experimental Physics , Graz University of Technology , Petersgasse 16 , 8010 Graz , Austria
| | - Johann V Pototschnig
- Institute of Experimental Physics , Graz University of Technology , Petersgasse 16 , 8010 Graz , Austria
| | - Andreas W Hauser
- Institute of Experimental Physics , Graz University of Technology , Petersgasse 16 , 8010 Graz , Austria
| | - Markus Koch
- Institute of Experimental Physics , Graz University of Technology , Petersgasse 16 , 8010 Graz , Austria
| | - Wolfgang E Ernst
- Institute of Experimental Physics , Graz University of Technology , Petersgasse 16 , 8010 Graz , Austria
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Thaler B, Ranftl S, Heim P, Cesnik S, Treiber L, Meyer R, Hauser AW, Ernst WE, Koch M. Femtosecond photoexcitation dynamics inside a quantum solvent. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4006. [PMID: 30275442 PMCID: PMC6167364 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06413-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The observation of chemical reactions on the time scale of the motion of electrons and nuclei has been made possible by lasers with ever shortened pulse lengths. Superfluid helium represents a special solvent that permits the synthesis of novel classes of molecules that have eluded dynamical studies so far. However, photoexcitation inside this quantum solvent triggers a pronounced response of the solvation shell, which is not well understood. Here, we present a mechanistic description of the solvent response to photoexcitation of indium (In) dopant atoms inside helium nanodroplets (HeN), obtained from femtosecond pump–probe spectroscopy and time-dependent density functional theory simulations. For the In–HeN system, part of the excited state electronic energy leads to expansion of the solvation shell within 600 fs, initiating a collective shell oscillation with a period of about 30 ps. These coupled electronic and nuclear dynamics will be superimposed on intrinsic photoinduced processes of molecular systems inside helium droplets. Femtosecond laser spectroscopy has contributed to our understanding of structure and function of matter. Here, the authors explore the applicability of superfluid helium nanodroplets as a sample preparation method that allows investigation of previously inaccessible classes of tailor-made or fragile molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Thaler
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Sascha Ranftl
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Pascal Heim
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan Cesnik
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Leonhard Treiber
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Ralf Meyer
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas W Hauser
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang E Ernst
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Markus Koch
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010, Graz, Austria.
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Rzadkowski W, Lemeshko M. Effect of a magnetic field on molecule–solvent angular momentum transfer. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:104307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5017591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Rzadkowski
- IST Austria (Institute of Science and Technology Austria), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, ul. Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Mikhail Lemeshko
- IST Austria (Institute of Science and Technology Austria), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
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Coppens F, von Vangerow J, Barranco M, Halberstadt N, Stienkemeier F, Pi M, Mudrich M. Desorption dynamics of RbHe exciplexes off He nanodroplets induced by spin-relaxation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:9309-9320. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp00482j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Doped He nanodroplets are ideal model systems to study elementary photophysical processes in hetero-nanostructures. Here we study the formation of free RbHe exciplexes from laser-excited Rb-doped He nanodroplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Coppens
- Laboratoire des Collisions, Agrégats, Réactivité, IRSAMC, Université Toulouse 3- Paul Sabatier, CNRS UMR 5589
- F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 09
- France
| | | | - Manuel Barranco
- Laboratoire des Collisions, Agrégats, Réactivité, IRSAMC, Université Toulouse 3- Paul Sabatier, CNRS UMR 5589
- F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 09
- France
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona
- 08028 Barcelona
| | - Nadine Halberstadt
- Laboratoire des Collisions, Agrégats, Réactivité, IRSAMC, Université Toulouse 3- Paul Sabatier, CNRS UMR 5589
- F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 09
- France
| | | | - Martí Pi
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona
- 08028 Barcelona
- Spain
- Departament FQA, Facultat de Física, Universitat de Barcelona
- 08028 Barcelona
| | - Marcel Mudrich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University
- Aarhus 8000 C
- Denmark
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Thaler P, Volk A, Knez D, Lackner F, Haberfehlner G, Steurer J, Schnedlitz M, Ernst WE. Synthesis of nanoparticles in helium droplets-A characterization comparing mass-spectra and electron microscopy data. J Chem Phys 2016; 143:134201. [PMID: 26450307 DOI: 10.1063/1.4932182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Micrometer sized helium droplets provide an extraordinary environment for the growth of nanoparticles. The method promises great potential for the preparation of core-shell particles as well as one-dimensional nanostructures, which agglomerate along quantum vortices, without involving solvents, ligands, or additives. Using a new apparatus, which enables us to record mass spectra of heavy dopant clusters (>10(4) amu) and to produce samples for transmission electron microscopy simultaneously, we synthesize bare and bimetallic nanoparticles consisting of various materials (Au, Ni, Cr, and Ag). We present a systematical study of the growth process of clusters and nanoparticles inside the helium droplets, which can be described with a simple theoretical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Thaler
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Alexander Volk
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Daniel Knez
- Institute for Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis & Graz Centre for Electron Microscopy, TU Graz, Steyrergasse 17, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Florian Lackner
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Georg Haberfehlner
- Institute for Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis & Graz Centre for Electron Microscopy, TU Graz, Steyrergasse 17, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes Steurer
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Schnedlitz
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang E Ernst
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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Modesto-Costa L, Canuto S, Mukherjee PK, Fricke B. A simple model for a theoretical study of the spectral line shifts of alkali atoms attached to helium nanodroplets. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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von Vangerow J, John O, Stienkemeier F, Mudrich M. Dynamics of solvation and desolvation of rubidium attached to He nanodroplets. J Chem Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4926829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. von Vangerow
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - O. John
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - F. Stienkemeier
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - M. Mudrich
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Hauser AW, Gruber T, Filatov M, Ernst WE. Shifts in the ESR spectra of alkali-metal atoms (Li, Na, K, Rb) on helium nanodroplets. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:716-22. [PMID: 23125112 PMCID: PMC3648978 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201200697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2012] [Revised: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
He-droplet-induced changes of the hyperfine structure constants of alkali-metal atoms are investigated by a combination of relativistically corrected ab initio methods with a simulation of the helium density distribution based on He density functional theory. Starting from an accurate description of the variation of the hyperfine structure constant in the M-He diatomic systems (M=Li, Na, K, Rb) as a function of the interatomic distance we simulate the shifts induced by droplets of up to 10,000 (4)He atoms. All theoretical predictions for the relative shifts in the isotropic hyperfine coupling constants of the alkali-metal atoms attached to helium droplets of different size are then tied to a single, experimentally derived parameter of Rb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas W Hauser
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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Ratschek M, Koch M, Ernst WE. Doping helium nanodroplets with high temperature metals: Formation of chromium clusters. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:104201. [PMID: 22423831 DOI: 10.1063/1.3692330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Ratschek
- Institute of Experimental Physics, TU Graz, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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Poms J, Hauser AW, Ernst WE. Helium nanodroplets doped with xenon and rubidium atoms: a case study of van der Waals interactions between heliophilic and heliophobic dopants. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:15158-65. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp42333b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Fechner L, Grüner B, Sieg A, Callegari C, Ancilotto F, Stienkemeier F, Mudrich M. Photoionization and imaging spectroscopy of rubidium atoms attached to helium nanodroplets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:3843-51. [PMID: 22327348 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp22749e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Fechner
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Giese C, Stienkemeier F, Mudrich M, Hauser AW, Ernst WE. Homo- and heteronuclear alkali metal trimers formed on helium nanodroplets. Part II. Femtosecond spectroscopy and spectra assignments. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:18769-80. [PMID: 21869967 DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21191a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Homo- and heteronuclear alkali quartet trimers of type K(3-n)Rb(n) (n = 0,1,2,3) formed on helium nanodroplets are probed by one-color femtosecond (fs) photoionization (PI) spectroscopy. The obtained frequencies are assigned to vibrations in different electronic states in comparison to high level ab initio calculations of the involved potentials including pronounced Jahn-Teller and spin-orbit couplings. Despite the fact that the resulting complex vibronic structure of the heavy alkali molecules complicates the comparison of experiment and theory we find good agreement for many of the observed lines for all species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Giese
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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Theisen M, Lackner F, Ernst WE. Cs atoms on helium nanodroplets and the immersion of Cs+ into the nanodroplet. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:074306. [PMID: 21861569 DOI: 10.1063/1.3624840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Theisen
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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Loginov E, Callegari C, Ancilotto F, Drabbels M. Spectroscopy on Rydberg States of Sodium Atoms on the Surface of Helium Nanodroplets. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:6779-88. [PMID: 21446657 DOI: 10.1021/jp111146n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniy Loginov
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, Ecole Polytechnique Fédéral de Lausanne (EPFL),CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Callegari
- Institute of Experimental Physics, TU Graz, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Francesco Ancilotto
- Dipartimento di Fisica, “G. Galilei”, Universita' di Padova, via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy and CNR-IOM-Democritos, I-34014 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marcel Drabbels
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, Ecole Polytechnique Fédéral de Lausanne (EPFL),CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Callegari C, Ancilotto F. Perturbation Method to Calculate the Interaction Potentials and Electronic Excitation Spectra of Atoms in He Nanodroplets. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:6789-96. [PMID: 21434657 DOI: 10.1021/jp111157w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Callegari
- Institute of Experimental Physics, TU Graz, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria, EU
| | - Francesco Ancilotto
- Dipartimento di Fisica ‘G. Galilei’, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- CNR-IOM-Democritos, I-34136 Trieste, Italy
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Grüner B, Schlesinger M, Heister P, Strunz WT, Stienkemeier F, Mudrich M. Vibrational relaxation and dephasing of Rb2 attached to helium nanodroplets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:6816-26. [PMID: 21394372 DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02355h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The vibrational wave-packet dynamics of diatomic rubidium molecules (Rb(2)) in triplet states formed on the surface of superfluid helium nanodroplets is investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Detailed comparison of experimental femtosecond pump-probe spectra with dissipative quantum dynamics simulations reveals that vibrational relaxation is the main source of dephasing. The rate constant for vibrational relaxation in the first excited triplet state 1(3)Σ(g)+ is found to be constant γ ≈ 0.5 ns(-1) for the lowest vibrational levels v ≲ 15 and to increase sharply when exciting to higher energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Grüner
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Lackner F, Krois G, Theisen M, Koch M, Ernst WE. Spectroscopy of nS, nP, and nD Rydberg series of Cs atoms on helium nanodroplets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:18781-8. [PMID: 21789302 DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21280j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Lackner
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
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Koch M, Lanzersdorfer J, Callegari C, Muenter JS, Ernst WE. Molecular Beam Magnetic Resonance in Doped Helium Nanodroplets. A Setup for Optically Detected ESR/NMR in the Presence of Unresolved Zeeman Splittings. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:13347-56. [PMID: 19921944 DOI: 10.1021/jp9041827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Koch
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria/EU, and Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0216
| | - Johannes Lanzersdorfer
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria/EU, and Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0216
| | - Carlo Callegari
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria/EU, and Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0216
| | - John S. Muenter
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria/EU, and Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0216
| | - Wolfgang E. Ernst
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria/EU, and Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0216
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