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Kaneyasu T, Hikosaka Y, Wada S, Fujimoto M, Ota H, Iwayama H, Katoh M. Time domain double slit interference of electron produced by XUV synchrotron radiation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6142. [PMID: 37061592 PMCID: PMC10105747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33039-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a new realization of the time-domain double-slit experiment with photoelectrons, demonstrating that spontaneous radiation from a bunch of relativistic electrons can be used to control the quantum interference of single-particles. The double-slit arrangement is realized by a pair of light wave packets with attosecond-controlled spacing, which is naturally included in the spontaneous radiation from two undulators in series. Photoelectrons emitted from helium atoms are observed in the energy-domain under the condition of detecting them one by one, and the stochastic buildup of the quantum interference pattern on a detector plane is recorded.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kaneyasu
- SAGA Light Source, Tosu, 841-0005, Japan.
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.
| | - Y Hikosaka
- Institute of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - S Wada
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - M Fujimoto
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - H Ota
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - H Iwayama
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- Sokendai (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - M Katoh
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
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Photia T, Temnuch W, Srisuphaphon S, Tanasanchai N, Anukool W, Wongrach K, Manit P, Chiangga S, Deachapunya S. High-precision grating period measurement. APPLIED OPTICS 2019; 58:270-273. [PMID: 30645304 DOI: 10.1364/ao.58.000270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a method for measuring a periodic structure, particularly a grating period. The method is based on the high-precision laser Talbot effect. The combination of a rubidium-locked external cavity diode laser and the Talbot interferometer provides an excellent and simple tool for this purpose. Some experimental results are provided to demonstrate the approach.
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Mairhofer L, Eibenberger S, Shayeghi A, Arndt M. A Quantum Ruler for Magnetic Deflectometry. ENTROPY 2018; 20:e20070516. [PMID: 33265606 PMCID: PMC7513036 DOI: 10.3390/e20070516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Matter-wave near-field interference can imprint a nano-scale fringe pattern onto a molecular beam, which allows observing its shifts in the presence of even very small external forces. Here we demonstrate quantum interference of the pre-vitamin 7-dehydrocholesterol and discuss the conceptual challenges of magnetic deflectometry in a near-field interferometer as a tool to explore photochemical processes within molecules whose center of mass is quantum delocalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Mairhofer
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Sandra Eibenberger
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Armin Shayeghi
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Markus Arndt
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Wien, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-4277-51210
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Yin Y, Xu S, Li T, Yin Y, Xia Y, Yin J. 2D surface optical lattice formed by plasmon polaritons with application to nanometer-scale molecular deposition. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7788. [PMID: 28798344 PMCID: PMC5552755 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08175-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface plasmon polaritons, due to their tight spatial confinement and high local intensity, hold great promises in nanofabrication which is beyond the diffraction limit of conventional lithography. Here, we demonstrate theoretically the 2D surface optical lattices based on the surface plasmon polariton interference field, and the potential application to nanometer-scale molecular deposition. We present the different topologies of lattices generated by simple configurations on the substrate. By explicit theoretical derivations, we explain their formation and characteristics including field distribution, periodicity and phase dependence. We conclude that the topologies can not only possess a high stability, but also be dynamically manipulated via changing the polarization of the excitation laser. Nanometer-scale molecular deposition is simulated with these 2D lattices and discussed for improving the deposition resolution. The periodic lattice point with a width resolution of 33.2 nm can be obtained when the fullerene molecular beam is well-collimated. Our study can offer a superior alternative method to fabricate the spatially complicated 2D nanostructures, with the deposition array pitch serving as a reference standard for accurate and traceable metrology of the SI length standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanning Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Supeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Tao Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yaling Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China. .,NYU-ECNU Institute of Physics at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Jianping Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
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Abstract
Can we sensibly attribute some of the happenings in our world to the agency of some of the things around us? We do this all the time, but there are conceptual challenges purporting to show that attributable agency, and specifically one of its most important subspecies, human free agency, is incoherent. We address these challenges in a novel way: rather than merely rebutting specific arguments, we discuss a concrete model that we claim positively illustrates attributable agency in an indeterministic setting. The model, recently introduced by one of the authors in the context of artificial intelligence, shows that an agent with a sufficiently complex memory organization can employ indeterministic happenings in a meaningful way. We claim that these considerations successfully counter arguments against the coherence of libertarian (indeterminism-based) free will.
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Juffmann T, Ulbricht H, Arndt M. Experimental methods of molecular matter-wave optics. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2013; 76:086402. [PMID: 23907707 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/76/8/086402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We describe the state of the art in preparing, manipulating and detecting coherent molecular matter. We focus on experimental methods for handling the quantum motion of compound systems from diatomic molecules to clusters or biomolecules.Molecular quantum optics offers many challenges and innovative prospects: already the combination of two atoms into one molecule takes several well-established methods from atomic physics, such as for instance laser cooling, to their limits. The enormous internal complexity that arises when hundreds or thousands of atoms are bound in a single organic molecule, cluster or nanocrystal provides a richness that can only be tackled by combining methods from atomic physics, chemistry, cluster physics, nanotechnology and the life sciences.We review various molecular beam sources and their suitability for matter-wave experiments. We discuss numerous molecular detection schemes and give an overview over diffraction and interference experiments that have already been performed with molecules or clusters.Applications of de Broglie studies with composite systems range from fundamental tests of physics up to quantum-enhanced metrology in physical chemistry, biophysics and the surface sciences.Nanoparticle quantum optics is a growing field, which will intrigue researchers still for many years to come. This review can, therefore, only be a snapshot of a very dynamical process.
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Juffmann T, Milic A, Müllneritsch M, Asenbaum P, Tsukernik A, Tüxen J, Mayor M, Cheshnovsky O, Arndt M. Real-time single-molecule imaging of quantum interference. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 7:297-300. [PMID: 22447163 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2012.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The observation of interference patterns in double-slit experiments with massive particles is generally regarded as the ultimate demonstration of the quantum nature of these objects. Such matter-wave interference has been observed for electrons, neutrons, atoms and molecules and, in contrast to classical physics, quantum interference can be observed when single particles arrive at the detector one by one. The build-up of such patterns in experiments with electrons has been described as the "most beautiful experiment in physics". Here, we show how a combination of nanofabrication and nano-imaging allows us to record the full two-dimensional build-up of quantum interference patterns in real time for phthalocyanine molecules and for derivatives of phthalocyanine molecules, which have masses of 514 AMU and 1,298 AMU respectively. A laser-controlled micro-evaporation source was used to produce a beam of molecules with the required intensity and coherence, and the gratings were machined in 10-nm-thick silicon nitride membranes to reduce the effect of van der Waals forces. Wide-field fluorescence microscopy detected the position of each molecule with an accuracy of 10 nm and revealed the build-up of a deterministic ensemble interference pattern from single molecules that arrived stochastically at the detector. In addition to providing this particularly clear demonstration of wave-particle duality, our approach could also be used to study larger molecules and explore the boundary between quantum and classical physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Juffmann
- Vienna Center of Quantum Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Szewc C, Collier JD, Ulbricht H. Note: A helical velocity selector for continuous molecular beams. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2010; 81:106107. [PMID: 21034135 DOI: 10.1063/1.3499254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report on a modern realization of the classic helical velocity selector for gas phase particle beams. The device operates stably under high vacuum conditions at rotational frequencies limited only by commercial dc motor capabilities. Tuning the rotational frequency allows selective scanning over a broad velocity band. The width of the selected velocity distributions at full-width-half-maximum is as narrow as a few percent of the selected mean velocity and independent of the rotational speed of the selector. The selector generates low vibrational noise amplitudes comparable to mechanically damped state-of-the-art turbo-molecular pumps and is therefore compatible with vibration sensitive experiments like molecule interferometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Szewc
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Highfield, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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Dreas-Wlodarczak A, Müllneritsch M, Juffmann T, Cioffi C, Arndt M, Mayor M. Immobilization of zinc porphyrin complexes on pyridine-functionalized glass surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:10822-10826. [PMID: 20297830 DOI: 10.1021/la100638u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In order to immobilize sublimable and fluorescent dye molecules on transparent surfaces for the detection of far field molecular interference experiments, we investigate the potential of pyridine-functionalized glass substrates as coordination sites for the zinc complex of tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP). Borosilicate glass is functionalized with 4-(6-(ethoxydimethylsilyl)hexyloxy)pyridine in order to cover the glass surface with pyridine subunits. ZnTPP molecules are deposited by sublimation through mechanical masks of various sizes in a high-vacuum chamber. The resulting micropatterns are analyzed using epifluorescence microscopy which also allows us to define a measure for the quality of molecular immobilization. We observe a reduced mobility and an increased efficiency for the trapping of ZnTPP on pyridine-functionalized surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Dreas-Wlodarczak
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Nanotechnology, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
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