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Mijit E, Durandurdu M, Rodrigues JEFS, Trapananti A, Rezvani SJ, Rosa AD, Mathon O, Irifune T, Di Cicco A. Structural and electronic transformations of GeSe 2 glass under high pressures studied by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318978121. [PMID: 38536755 PMCID: PMC10998580 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318978121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Pressure-induced transformations in an archetypal chalcogenide glass (GeSe2) have been investigated up to 157 GPa by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Ge and Se K-edge XAS data allowed simultaneous tracking of the correlated local structural and electronic changes at both Ge and Se sites. Thanks to the simultaneous analysis of extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) signals of both edges, reliable quantitative information about the evolution of the first neighbor Ge-Se distribution could be obtained. It also allowed to account for contributions of the Ge-Ge and Se-Se bond distributions (chemical disorder). The low-density to high-density amorphous-amorphous transformation was found to occur within 10 to 30 GPa pressure range, but the conversion from tetrahedral to octahedral coordination of the Ge sites is completed above [Formula: see text] 80 GPa. No convincing evidence of another high-density amorphous state with coordination number larger than six was found within the investigated pressure range. The number of short Ge-Ge and Se-Se "wrong" bonds was found to increase upon pressurization. Experimental XAS results are confirmed by MD simulations, indicating the increase of chemical disorder under high pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emin Mijit
- Physics Division, School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, CamerinoI-62032, Italy
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble Cedex 938043, France
| | - Murat Durandurdu
- Department of Nanotechnology Engineering, Abdullah Gül University, Kayseri38080, Turkey
| | | | - Angela Trapananti
- Physics Division, School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, CamerinoI-62032, Italy
| | - S. Javad Rezvani
- Physics Division, School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, CamerinoI-62032, Italy
| | | | - Olivier Mathon
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble Cedex 938043, France
| | - Tetsuo Irifune
- Geodynamics Research Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama790-8577, Japan
| | - Andrea Di Cicco
- Physics Division, School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, CamerinoI-62032, Italy
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2
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Mijit E, Elias F S Rodrigues J, Tchoudinov G, Paparoni F, Shinmei T, Irifune T, Mathon O, Dorothea Rosa A, Di Cicco A. EXAFS investigations on the pressure induced local structural changes of GeSe 2glass under different hydrostatic conditions. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:264001. [PMID: 36990102 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acc8b1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Pressure-induced transformations in glassy GeSe2have been studied using the x-ray absorption spectroscopy. Experiments have been carried out at the scanning-energy beamline BM23 (European Synchrotron Radiation Facility) providing a micrometric x-ray focal spot up to pressures of about 45 GPa in a diamond anvil cell. Both Se and Ge K-edge experiments were performed under different hydrostatic conditions identifying the metallization onsets by accurate determinations of the edge shifts. The semiconductor-metal transition was observed to be completed around 20 GPa when neon was used as a pressure transmitting medium (PTM), while this transition was slightly shifted to lower pressures when no PTM was used. Accurate double-edge extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) refinements were carried out using advanced data-analysis methods. EXAFS data-analysis confirmed the trend shown by the edge shifts for this disordered material, showing that the transition from tetrahedral to octahedral coordination for Ge sites is not fully achieved at 45 GPa. Results of present high pressure EXAFS experiments have shown the absence of significant neon incorporation into the glass within the pressure range up to 45 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emin Mijit
- Physics Division, School of Science and Technology, Università di Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9, I-62032 Camerino, (MC), Italy
| | - João Elias F S Rodrigues
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71, Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Georghii Tchoudinov
- Physics Division, School of Science and Technology, Università di Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9, I-62032 Camerino, (MC), Italy
| | - Francesco Paparoni
- Physics Division, School of Science and Technology, Università di Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9, I-62032 Camerino, (MC), Italy
| | - Toru Shinmei
- Geodynamics Research Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Irifune
- Geodynamics Research Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Olivier Mathon
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71, Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Angelika Dorothea Rosa
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71, Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Andrea Di Cicco
- Physics Division, School of Science and Technology, Università di Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9, I-62032 Camerino, (MC), Italy
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3
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Sun N, Mao Z, Zhang X, Tkachev SN, Lin JF. Hot dense silica glass with ultrahigh elastic moduli. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13946. [PMID: 35977985 PMCID: PMC9385850 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18062-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicate and oxide glasses are often chemically doped with a variety of cations to tune for desirable properties in technological applications, but their performances are often limited by relatively lower mechanical and elastic properties. Finding a new route to synthesize silica-based glasses with high elastic and mechanical properties needs to be explored. Here, we report a dense SiO2-glass with ultra-high elastic moduli using sound velocity measurements by Brillouin scattering up to 72 GPa at 300 K. High-temperature measurements were performed up to 63 GPa at 750 K and 59 GPa at 1000 K. Compared to compression at 300 K, elevated temperature helps compressed SiO2-glass effectively overcome the kinetic barrier to undergo permanent densification with enhanced coordination number and connectivity. This hot compressed SiO2-glass exhibits a substantially high bulk modulus of 361–429 GPa which is at least 2–3 times greater than the metallic, oxide, and silicate glasses at ambient conditions. Its Poisson’s ratio, an indicator for the packing efficiency, is comparable to the metallic glasses. Even after temperature quench and decompression to ambient conditions, the SiO2-glass retains some of its unique properties at compression and possesses a Poisson’s ratio of 0.248(11). In addition to chemical alternatives in glass syntheses, coupled compression and heating treatments can be an effective means to enhance mechanical and elastic properties in high-performance glasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningyu Sun
- Laboratory of Seismology and Physics of Earth's Interior, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Planetary Exploration and Emerging Technologies, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Zhu Mao
- Laboratory of Seismology and Physics of Earth's Interior, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China. .,CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China. .,Frontiers Science Center for Planetary Exploration and Emerging Technologies, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Laboratory of Seismology and Physics of Earth's Interior, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Sergey N Tkachev
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Jung-Fu Lin
- Department of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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4
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Lobanov SS, Speziale S, Winkler B, Milman V, Refson K, Schifferle L. Electronic, Structural, and Mechanical Properties of SiO_{2} Glass at High Pressure Inferred from its Refractive Index. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:077403. [PMID: 35244414 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.077403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report the first direct measurements of the refractive index of silica glass up to 145 GPa that allowed quantifying its density, bulk modulus, Lorenz-Lorentz polarizability, and band gap. These properties show two major anomalies at ∼10 and ∼40 GPa. The anomaly at ∼10 GPa signals the onset of the increase in Si coordination, and the anomaly at ∼40 GPa corresponds to a nearly complete vanishing of fourfold Si. More generally, we show that the compressibility and density of noncrystalline solids can be accurately measured in simple optical experiments up to at least 110 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey S Lobanov
- Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
- Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Golm 14476, Germany
| | - Sergio Speziale
- Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Björn Winkler
- Institut für Geowissenschaften, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Victor Milman
- Dassault Systèmes BIOVIA, 334 Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0WN, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Refson
- ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Lukas Schifferle
- Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
- Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Golm 14476, Germany
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5
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Ohara K, Onodera Y, Murakami M, Kohara S. Structure of disordered materials under ambient to extreme conditions revealed by synchrotron x-ray diffraction techniques at SPring-8-recent instrumentation and synergic collaboration with modelling and topological analyses. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:383001. [PMID: 34286699 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The structure of disordered materials is still not well understood because of insufficient experimental data. Indeed, diffraction patterns from disordered materials are very broad and can be described only in pairwise correlations because of the absence of translational symmetry. Brilliant hard x-rays from third-generation synchrotron radiation sources enable us to obtain high-quality diffraction data for disordered materials from ambient to high temperature and high pressure, which has significantly improved our grasp of the nature of order in disordered materials. Here, we introduce the progress in the instrumentation for hard x-ray beamlines at SPring-8 over the last 20 years with associated results and advanced data analysis techniques to understand the topology in disordered materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Ohara
- Diffraction and Scattering Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Yohei Onodera
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | | | - Shinji Kohara
- Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Department of Earth Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8092, Switzerland
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6
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Solomatova NV, Caracas R. Buoyancy and Structure of Volatile-Rich Silicate Melts. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. SOLID EARTH 2021; 126:e2020JB021045. [PMID: 33680690 PMCID: PMC7900987 DOI: 10.1029/2020jb021045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The early Earth was marked by at least one global magma ocean. Melt buoyancy played a major role for its evolution. Here we model the composition of the magma ocean using a six-component pyrolite melt, to which we add volatiles in the form of carbon as molecular CO or CO2 and hydrogen as molecular H2O or through substitution for magnesium. We compute the density relations from first-principles molecular dynamics simulations. We find that the addition of volatiles renders all the melts more buoyant compared to the reference volatile-free pyrolite. The effect is pressure dependent, largest at the surface, decreasing to about 20 GPa, and remaining roughly constant to 135 GPa. The increased buoyancy would have enhanced convection and turbulence, and thus promoted the chemical exchanges of the magma ocean with the early atmosphere. We determine the partial molar volume of both H2O and CO2 throughout the magma ocean conditions. We find a pronounced dependence with temperature at low pressures, whereas at megabar pressures the partial molar volumes are independent of temperature. At all pressures, the polymerization of the silicate melt is strongly affected by the amount of oxygen added to the system while being only weakly affected by the specific type of volatile added.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V. Solomatova
- CNRSEcole Normale Supérieure de LyonLaboratoire de Géologie de Lyon LGLTPE UMR5276Centre Blaise PascalLyonFrance
| | - Razvan Caracas
- CNRSEcole Normale Supérieure de LyonLaboratoire de Géologie de Lyon LGLTPE UMR5276Centre Blaise PascalLyonFrance
- The Center for Earth Evolution and Dynamics (CEED)University of OsloOsloNorway
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7
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Kono Y, Shu Y, Kenney-Benson C, Wang Y, Shen G. Structural Evolution of SiO_{2} Glass with Si Coordination Number Greater than 6. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:205701. [PMID: 33258638 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.205701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pair distribution function measurement of SiO_{2} glass up to 120 GPa reveals changes in the first-, second-, and third-neighbor distances associated with an increase in Si coordination number C_{Si} to >6 above 95 GPa. Packing fractions of Si and O determined from the first- and second-neighbor distances show marked changes accompanied with the structural evolution from C_{Si}=6 to >6. Structural constraints in terms of ionic radius ratio of Si and O, and ratio of nonbonded radius to bonded Si─O distance support the structural evolution of SiO_{2} glass with C_{Si}>6 at high pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Kono
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Geodynamics Research Center, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Yu Shu
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Curtis Kenney-Benson
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Yanbin Wang
- GeoSoilEnviroCARS, Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Guoyin Shen
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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8
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Lee SK, Kim YH, Yi YS, Chow P, Xiao Y, Ji C, Shen G. Oxygen Quadclusters in SiO_{2} Glass above Megabar Pressures up to 160 GPa Revealed by X-Ray Raman Scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:235701. [PMID: 31868455 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.235701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As oxygen may occupy a major volume of oxides, a densification of amorphous oxides under extreme compression is dominated by reorganization of oxygen during compression. X-ray Raman scattering (XRS) spectra for SiO_{2} glass up to 1.6 Mbar reveal the evolution of heavily contracted oxygen environments characterized by a decrease in average O-O distance and the potential emergence of quadruply coordinated oxygen (oxygen quadcluster). Our results also reveal that the edge energies at the centers of gravity of the XRS features increase linearly with bulk density, yielding the first predictive relationship between the density and partial density of state of oxides above megabar pressures. The extreme densification paths with densified oxygen in amorphous oxides shed light upon the possible existence of stable melts in the planetary interiors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Keun Lee
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yong-Hyun Kim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yoo Soo Yi
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Paul Chow
- HPCAT, X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Yuming Xiao
- HPCAT, X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Cheng Ji
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Guoyin Shen
- HPCAT, X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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9
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Murakami M. Water makes glass elastically stiffer under high-pressure. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11890. [PMID: 30089898 PMCID: PMC6082893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30432-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of its potentially broad industrial applications, a new synthesis of elastically stiffer and stronger glass has been a long standing interest in material science. Various chemical composition and synthesis condition have so far been extensively tested to meet this requirement. Since hydration of matter, in general, significantly reduces its stiffness, it has long been believed that an anhydrous condition has to be strictly complied in synthesis processes. Here we report elastic wave velocities of hydrous SiO2 glass determined in-situ up to ultrahigh-pressures of ~180 gigapascals, revealing that the elastic wave velocities of hydrous glass unexpectedly show the rapid increase with pressure and eventually become greater than those of anhydrous glass above ~15 gigapascals. Furthermore, anomalous change in the velocity gradient at ~100 gigapascals, probably caused by the change in Si-O coordination number from 6 to 6+, was also found at ~40 gigapascals lower pressure condition than that previously reported in anhydrous silica glass, implying that water is a highly effective impurity to make SiO2 glass much denser. This experimental discovery strongly indicates that hydration combined with pressurization is highly effective to synthesize elastically stiffer glass materials, which offers a new insight into the fabrication of industrially useful novel materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiko Murakami
- Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8025, Switzerland. .,Department of Earth and Planetary Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
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10
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Guerette M, Ackerson MR, Thomas J, Watson EB, Huang L. Thermally induced amorphous to amorphous transition in hot-compressed silica glass. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:194501. [PMID: 30307254 DOI: 10.1063/1.5025592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In situ Raman and Brillouin light scattering techniques were used to study thermally induced high-density amorphous (HDA) to low-density amorphous (LDA) transition in silica glass densified in hot compression (up to 8 GPa at 1100 °C). Hot-compressed silica samples are shown to retain structural and mechanical stability through 600 °C or greater, with reduced sensitivity in elastic response to temperature as compared with pristine silica glass. Given sufficient thermal energy to overcome the energy barrier, the compacted structure of the HDA silica reverts back to the LDA state. The onset temperature for the HDA to LDA transition depends on the degree of densification during hot compression, commencing at lower temperatures for samples with higher density, but all finishing within a temperature range of 250-300 °C. Our studies show that the HDA to LDA transition at high temperatures in hot-compressed samples is different from the gradual changes starting from room temperature in cold-compressed silica glass, indicating greater structural homogeneity achieved by hot compression. Furthermore, the structure and properties of hot-compressed silica glass change continuously during the thermally induced HDA to LDA transition, in contrast to the abrupt and first-order-like polyamorphic transitions in amorphous ice. Different HDA to LDA transition mechanisms in amorphous silica and amorphous ice are explained by their different energy landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Guerette
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - Michael R Ackerson
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA
| | - Jay Thomas
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - E Bruce Watson
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - Liping Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
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11
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Pressure-induced structural change in MgSiO 3 glass at pressures near the Earth's core-mantle boundary. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:1742-1747. [PMID: 29432162 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1716748115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the structure and properties of silicate magma under extreme pressure plays an important role in understanding the nature and evolution of Earth's deep interior. Here we report the structure of MgSiO3 glass, considered an analog of silicate melts, up to 111 GPa. The first (r1) and second (r2) neighbor distances in the pair distribution function change rapidly, with r1 increasing and r2 decreasing with pressure. At 53-62 GPa, the observed r1 and r2 distances are similar to the Si-O and Si-Si distances, respectively, of crystalline MgSiO3 akimotoite with edge-sharing SiO6 structural motifs. Above 62 GPa, r1 decreases, and r2 remains constant, with increasing pressure until 88 GPa. Above this pressure, r1 remains more or less constant, and r2 begins decreasing again. These observations suggest an ultrahigh-pressure structural change around 88 GPa. The structure above 88 GPa is interpreted as having the closest edge-shared SiO6 structural motifs similar to those of the crystalline postperovskite, with densely packed oxygen atoms. The pressure of the structural change is broadly consistent with or slightly lower than that of the bridgmanite-to-postperovskite transition in crystalline MgSiO3 These results suggest that a structural change may occur in MgSiO3 melt under pressure conditions corresponding to the deep lower mantle.
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12
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Petitgirard S, Malfait WJ, Journaux B, Collings IE, Jennings ES, Blanchard I, Kantor I, Kurnosov A, Cotte M, Dane T, Burghammer M, Rubie DC. SiO_{2} Glass Density to Lower-Mantle Pressures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:215701. [PMID: 29219420 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.215701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The convection or settling of matter in the deep Earth's interior is mostly constrained by density variations between the different reservoirs. Knowledge of the density contrast between solid and molten silicates is thus of prime importance to understand and model the dynamic behavior of the past and present Earth. SiO_{2} is the main constituent of Earth's mantle and is the reference model system for the behavior of silicate melts at high pressure. Here, we apply our recently developed x-ray absorption technique to the density of SiO_{2} glass up to 110 GPa, doubling the pressure range for such measurements. Our density data validate recent molecular dynamics simulations and are in good agreement with previous experimental studies conducted at lower pressure. Silica glass rapidly densifies up to 40 GPa, but the density trend then flattens to become asymptotic to the density of SiO_{2} minerals above 60 GPa. The density data present two discontinuities at ∼17 and ∼60 GPa that can be related to a silicon coordination increase from 4 to a mixed 5/6 coordination and from 5/6 to sixfold, respectively. SiO_{2} glass becomes denser than MgSiO_{3} glass at ∼40 GPa, and its density becomes identical to that of MgSiO_{3} glass above 80 GPa. Our results on SiO_{2} glass may suggest that a variation of SiO_{2} content in a basaltic or pyrolitic melt with pressure has at most a minor effect on the final melt density, and iron partitioning between the melts and residual solids is the predominant factor that controls melt buoyancy in the lowermost mantle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wim J Malfait
- Laboratory for Building Energy Materials and Components, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Empa, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Baptiste Journaux
- Institut des Géosciences de l'Environnement-UMR 5001, Université Grenoble Alpes CS 40700, 38 058 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Ines E Collings
- Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth D-95440, Germany
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, Grenoble F-38043, France
| | - Eleanor S Jennings
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth D-95440, Germany
| | - Ingrid Blanchard
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth D-95440, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Kurnosov
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth D-95440, Germany
| | - Marine Cotte
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, Grenoble F-38043, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8220, Laboratoire d'archéologie moléculaire et structurale (LAMS), 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Dane
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, Grenoble F-38043, France
| | - Manfred Burghammer
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, Grenoble F-38043, France
| | - David C Rubie
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth D-95440, Germany
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13
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Dong J, Yao H, Guo Z, Jia Q, Wang Y, An P, Gong Y, Liang Y, Chen D. Revisiting local structural changes in GeO 2 glass at high pressure. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2017; 29:465401. [PMID: 29053477 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa8d50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the great importance in fundamental and industrial fields, understanding structural changes for pressure-induced polyamorphism in network-forming glasses remains a formidable challenge. Here, we revisited the local structural transformations in GeO2 glass up to 54 GPa using x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy via a combination diamond anvil cell and polycapillary half-lens. Three polyamorphic transitions can be clearly identified by XAFS structure refinement. First, a progressive increase of the nearest Ge-O distance and bond disorder to a maximum at ~5-16 GPa, in the same pressure region of previously observed tetrahedral-octahedral transformation. Second, a marked decrease of the nearest Ge-O distance at ~16-22.6 GPa but a slight increase at ~22.6-32.7 GPa, with a concomitant decrease of bond disorder. This stage can be related to a second-order-like transition from less dense to dense octahedral glass. Third, another decrease in the nearest Ge-O distance at ~32.7-41.4 GPa but a slight increase up to 54 GPa, synchronized with a gradual increase of bond disorder. This stage provides strong evidence for ultrahigh-pressure polyamorphism with coordination number >6. Furthermore, cooperative modification is observed in more distant shells. Those results provide a unified local structural picture for elucidating the polyamorphic transitions and densification process in GeO2 glass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncai Dong
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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14
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Prescher C, Prakapenka VB, Stefanski J, Jahn S, Skinner LB, Wang Y. Beyond sixfold coordinated Si in SiO 2 glass at ultrahigh pressures. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:10041-10046. [PMID: 28874582 PMCID: PMC5617297 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1708882114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the structure of SiO2 glass up to 172 GPa using high-energy X-ray diffraction. The combination of a multichannel collimator with diamond anvil cells enabled the measurement of structural changes in silica glass with total X-ray diffraction to previously unachievable pressures. We show that SiO2 first undergoes a change in Si-O coordination number from fourfold to sixfold between 15 and 50 GPa, in agreement with previous investigations. Above 50 GPa, the estimated coordination number continuously increases from 6 to 6.8 at 172 GPa. Si-O bond length shows first an increase due to the fourfold to sixfold coordination change and then a smaller linear decrease up to 172 GPa. We reconcile the changes in relation to the oxygen-packing fraction, showing that oxygen packing decreases at ultrahigh pressures to accommodate the higher than sixfold Si-O coordination. These results give experimental insight into the structural changes of silicate glasses as analogue materials for silicate melts at ultrahigh pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Prescher
- Institut für Geologie und Mineralogie, Universität zu Köln, 50674 Köln, Germany;
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Vitali B Prakapenka
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Johannes Stefanski
- Institut für Geologie und Mineralogie, Universität zu Köln, 50674 Köln, Germany
| | - Sandro Jahn
- Institut für Geologie und Mineralogie, Universität zu Köln, 50674 Köln, Germany
| | - Lawrie B Skinner
- X-Ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439
- Mineral Physics Institute, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2100
| | - Yanbin Wang
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
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15
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Petitgirard S, Spiekermann G, Weis C, Sahle C, Sternemann C, Wilke M. Miniature diamond anvils for X-ray Raman scattering spectroscopy experiments at high pressure. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2017; 24:276-282. [PMID: 28009567 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577516017112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
X-ray Raman scattering (XRS) spectroscopy is an inelastic scattering method that uses hard X-rays of the order of 10 keV to measure energy-loss spectra at absorption edges of light elements (Si, Mg, O etc.), with an energy resolution below 1 eV. The high-energy X-rays employed with this technique can penetrate thick or dense sample containers such as the diamond anvils employed in high-pressure cells. Here, we describe the use of custom-made conical miniature diamond anvils of less than 500 µm thickness which allow pressure generation of up to 70 GPa. This set-up overcomes the limitations of the XRS technique in very high-pressure measurements (>10 GPa) by drastically improving the signal-to-noise ratio. The conical shape of the base of the diamonds gives a 70° opening angle, enabling measurements in both low- and high-angle scattering geometry. This reduction of the diamond thickness to one-third of the classical diamond anvils considerably lowers the attenuation of the incoming and the scattered beams and thus enhances the signal-to-noise ratio significantly. A further improvement of the signal-to-background ratio is obtained by a recess of ∼20 µm that is milled in the culet of the miniature anvils. This recess increases the sample scattering volume by a factor of three at a pressure of 60 GPa. Examples of X-ray Raman spectra collected at the O K-edge and Si L-edge in SiO2 glass at high pressures up to 47 GPa demonstrate the significant improvement and potential for spectroscopic studies of low-Z elements at high pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Petitgirard
- University of Bayreuth, Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universitätsstrasse 30, Bayreuth, 95447, Germany
| | | | - Christopher Weis
- Fakultät Physik / DELTA, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Christian Sternemann
- Fakultät Physik / DELTA, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Max Wilke
- Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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16
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Sahle CJ, Rosa AD, Rossi M, Cerantola V, Spiekermann G, Petitgirard S, Jacobs J, Huotari S, Moretti Sala M, Mirone A. Direct tomography imaging for inelastic X-ray scattering experiments at high pressure. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2017; 24:269-275. [PMID: 28009566 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577516017100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A method to separate the non-resonant inelastic X-ray scattering signal of a micro-metric sample contained inside a diamond anvil cell (DAC) from the signal originating from the high-pressure sample environment is described. Especially for high-pressure experiments, the parasitic signal originating from the diamond anvils, the gasket and/or the pressure medium can easily obscure the sample signal or even render the experiment impossible. Another severe complication for high-pressure non-resonant inelastic X-ray measurements, such as X-ray Raman scattering spectroscopy, can be the proximity of the desired sample edge energy to an absorption edge energy of elements constituting the DAC. It is shown that recording the scattered signal in a spatially resolved manner allows these problems to be overcome by separating the sample signal from the spurious scattering of the DAC without constraints on the solid angle of detection. Furthermore, simple machine learning algorithms facilitate finding the corresponding detector pixels that record the sample signal. The outlined experimental technique and data analysis approach are demonstrated by presenting spectra of the Si L2,3-edge and O K-edge of compressed α-quartz. The spectra are of unprecedented quality and both the O K-edge and the Si L2,3-edge clearly show the existence of a pressure-induced phase transition between 10 and 24 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ch J Sahle
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - A D Rosa
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - M Rossi
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - V Cerantola
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - G Spiekermann
- Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - S Petitgirard
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - J Jacobs
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - S Huotari
- Department of Physics, POB 64, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Moretti Sala
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - A Mirone
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
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17
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Ultrahigh-pressure polyamorphism in GeO2 glass with coordination number >6. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:3436-41. [PMID: 26976585 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1524304113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of pressure-induced structural changes in glasses is important in various scientific fields as well as in engineering and industry. However, polyamorphism in glasses under high pressure remains poorly understood because of experimental challenges. Here we report new experimental findings of ultrahigh-pressure polyamorphism in GeO2 glass, investigated using a newly developed double-stage large-volume cell. The Ge-O coordination number (CN) is found to remain constant at ∼6 between 22.6 and 37.9 GPa. At higher pressures, CN begins to increase rapidly and reaches 7.4 at 91.7 GPa. This transformation begins when the oxygen-packing fraction in GeO2 glass is close to the maximal dense-packing state (the Kepler conjecture = ∼0.74), which provides new insights into structural changes in network-forming glasses and liquids with CN higher than 6 at ultrahigh-pressure conditions.
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18
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Masuno A, Nishiyama N, Sato F, Kitamura N, Taniguchi T, Inoue H. Higher refractive index and lower wavelength dispersion of SiO 2 glass by structural ordering evolution via densification at a higher temperature. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25106k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Silica glasses permanently densified at high temperatures show unexpected increase of both the refractive index and the Abbe number. Glasses densified at a higher temperature underwent homogeneous evolution of their intermediate structural ordering.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Masuno
- Institute of Industrial Science
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 153-8505
- Japan
| | - N. Nishiyama
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
- 22607 Hamburg
- Germany
- PRESTO
- Japan Science and Technology Agency
| | - F. Sato
- Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd
- Shiga 520-8639
- Japan
| | - N. Kitamura
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
- Osaka 563-8577
- Japan
| | - T. Taniguchi
- National Institute for Materials Science
- Tsukuba 305-0044
- Japan
| | - H. Inoue
- Institute of Industrial Science
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 153-8505
- Japan
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Structure and Properties of Silica Glass Densified in Cold Compression and Hot Compression. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15343. [PMID: 26469314 PMCID: PMC4606793 DOI: 10.1038/srep15343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Silica glass has been shown in numerous studies to possess significant capacity for permanent densification under pressure at different temperatures to form high density amorphous (HDA) silica. However, it is unknown to what extent the processes leading to irreversible densification of silica glass in cold-compression at room temperature and in hot-compression (e.g., near glass transition temperature) are common in nature. In this work, a hot-compression technique was used to quench silica glass from high temperature (1100 °C) and high pressure (up to 8 GPa) conditions, which leads to density increase of ~25% and Young’s modulus increase of ~71% relative to that of pristine silica glass at ambient conditions. Our experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provide solid evidences that the intermediate-range order of the hot-compressed HDA silica is distinct from that of the counterpart cold-compressed at room temperature. This explains the much higher thermal and mechanical stability of the former than the latter upon heating and compression as revealed in our in-situ Brillouin light scattering (BLS) experiments. Our studies demonstrate the limitation of the resulting density as a structural indicator of polyamorphism, and point out the importance of temperature during compression in order to fundamentally understand HDA silica.
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20
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Signature of a polyamorphic transition in the THz spectrum of vitreous GeO2. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14996. [PMID: 26459927 PMCID: PMC4602314 DOI: 10.1038/srep14996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The THz spectrum of density fluctuations, S(Q, ω), of vitreous GeO2 at ambient temperature was measured by inelastic x-ray scattering from ambient pressure up to pressures well beyond that of the known α-quartz to rutile polyamorphic (PA) transition. We observe significant differences in the spectral shape measured below and above the PA transition, in particular, in the 30-80 meV range. Guided by first-principle lattice dynamics calculations, we interpret the changes in the phonon dispersion as the evolution from a quartz-like to a rutile-like coordination. Notably, such a crossover is accompanied by a cusp-like behavior in the pressure dependence of the elastic response of the system. Overall, the presented results highlight the complex fingerprint of PA phenomena on the high-frequency phonon dispersion.
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21
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Wang X, Chen C, Huang X, Wang J, Yao M, Wang K, Huang F, Han B, Zhou Q, Li F. Acoustic and elastic properties of silicone oil under high pressure. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra03817k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brillouin scattering spectra of three silicone oils with different viscosity, including two polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) and one polyphenylmethylsiloxane (PPMS), have been studied under high pressure.
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22
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Brittle to ductile transition in densified silica glass. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5035. [PMID: 24849328 PMCID: PMC4030258 DOI: 10.1038/srep05035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Current understanding of the brittleness of glass is limited by our poor understanding and control over the microscopic structure. In this study, we used a pressure quenching route to tune the structure of silica glass in a controllable manner, and observed a systematic increase in ductility in samples quenched under increasingly higher pressure. The brittle to ductile transition in densified silica glass can be attributed to the critical role of 5-fold Si coordination defects (bonded to 5 O neighbors) in facilitating shear deformation and in dissipating energy by converting back to the 4-fold coordination state during deformation. As an archetypal glass former and one of the most abundant minerals in the Earth's crest, a fundamental understanding of the microscopic structure underpinning the ductility of silica glass will not only pave the way toward rational design of strong glasses, but also advance our knowledge of the geological processes in the Earth's interior.
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23
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Fuhrmann S, Deschamps T, Champagnon B, Wondraczek L. A reconstructive polyamorphous transition in borosilicate glass induced by irreversible compaction. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:054501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4863348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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24
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Hong X, Newville M, Duffy TS, Sutton SR, Rivers ML. X-ray absorption spectroscopy of GeO2 glass to 64 GPa. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2014; 26:035104. [PMID: 24285424 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/3/035104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The structural behavior of GeO2 glass has been investigated up to 64 GPa using results from x-ray absorption spectroscopy in a diamond anvil cell combined with previously reported density measurements. The difference between the nearest Ge-O distances of glassy and rutile-type GeO2 disappears at the Ge-O distance maximum at 20 GPa, indicating completion of the tetrahedral-octahedral transition in GeO2 glass. The mean-square displacement σ(2) of the Ge-O distance in the first Ge-O shell increases progressively to a maximum at 10 GPa, followed by a substantial reduction at higher pressures. The octahedral glass is, as expected, less dense and has a higher compressibility than the corresponding crystalline phase, but the differences in Ge-O distance and density between the glass and the crystals are gradually eliminated over the 20-40 GPa pressure range. Above 40 GPa, GeO2 forms a dense octahedral glass with a compressibility similar to that of the corresponding crystalline phase (α-PbO2 type). The EXAFS and XANES spectra show evidence for subtle changes in the dense glass continuing to occur at these high pressures. The Ge-O bond distance shows little change between 45-64 GPa, and this may reflect a balance between bond shortening and a gradual coordination number increase with compression. The density of the glass is similar to that of the α-PbO2-type phase, but the Ge-O distance is longer and is close to that in the higher-coordination pyrite-type phase which is stable above ∼60 GPa. The density data provide evidence for a possible discontinuity and change in compressibility at 40-45 GPa, but there are no major changes in the corresponding EXAFS spectra. A pyrite-type local structural model for the glass can provide a reasonable fitting to the XAFS spectra at 64 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinguo Hong
- Mineral Physics Institute, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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25
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Li N, Sakidja R, Aryal S, Ching WY. Densification of a continuous random network model of amorphous SiO2glass. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:1500-14. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp53192a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Reisman S, Giovambattista N. Glass and liquid phase diagram of a polyamorphic monatomic system. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:064509. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4790404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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27
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Abstract
The O K-edge x-ray Raman scattering (XRS), Brillouin scattering and diffraction studies on silica glass at high pressure have been elucidated in a unified manner using model structures obtained from First-Principles molecular dynamics calculations. This study provides a comprehensive understanding on how the structure is related to the physical and electronic properties. The origin of the "two peak" pattern in the XRS is found to be the result of increased packing of oxygen near the Si and is not a specific sign for sixfold coordination. The compression mechanism involving the presence of 5- and 6-fold coordinated silicon is confirmed. A slight increase in the silicon-oxygen coordination higher than six was found to accompany the increase in the acoustic wave velocity near 140 GPa.
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28
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Izvekov S, Rice BM. Mechanism of densification in silica glass under pressure as revealed by a bottom-up pairwise effective interaction model. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:134508. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3696865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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29
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Kono Y, Park C, Sakamaki T, Kenny-Benson C, Shen G, Wang Y. Simultaneous structure and elastic wave velocity measurement of SiO2 glass at high pressures and high temperatures in a Paris-Edinburgh cell. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2012; 83:033905. [PMID: 22462936 DOI: 10.1063/1.3698000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
An integration of multi-angle energy-dispersive x-ray diffraction and ultrasonic elastic wave velocity measurements in a Paris-Edinburgh cell enabled us to simultaneously investigate the structures and elastic wave velocities of amorphous materials at high pressure and high temperature conditions. We report the first simultaneous structure and elastic wave velocity measurement for SiO(2) glass at pressures up to 6.8 GPa at around 500°C. The first sharp diffraction peak (FSDP) in the structure factor S(Q) evidently shifted to higher Q with increasing pressure, reflecting the shrinking of intermediate-range order, while the Si-O bond distance was almost unchanged up to 6.8 GPa. In correlation with the shift of FSDP position, compressional wave velocity (Vp) and Poisson's ratio increased markedly with increasing pressure. In contrast, shear wave velocity (Vs) changed only at pressures below 4 GPa, and then remained unchanged at ~4.0-6.8 GPa. These observations indicate a strong correlation between the intermediate range order variations and Vp or Poisson's ratio, but a complicated behavior for Vs. The result demonstrates a new capability of simultaneous measurement of structures and elastic wave velocities at high pressure and high temperature conditions to provide direct link between microscopic structure and macroscopic elastic properties of amorphous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Kono
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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30
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Evidence of denser MgSiO3 glass above 133 gigapascal (GPa) and implications for remnants of ultradense silicate melt from a deep magma ocean. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:17286-9. [PMID: 21969547 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1109748108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultralow velocity zones are the largest seismic anomalies in the mantle, with 10-30% seismic velocity reduction observed in thin layers less than 20-40 km thick, just above the Earth's core-mantle boundary (CMB). The presence of silicate melts, possibly a remnant of a deep magma ocean in the early Earth, have been proposed to explain ultralow velocity zones. It is, however, still an open question as to whether such silicate melts are gravitationally stable at the pressure conditions above the CMB. Fe enrichment is usually invoked to explain why melts would remain at the CMB, but this has not been substantiated experimentally. Here we report in situ high-pressure acoustic velocity measurements that suggest a new transformation to a denser structure of MgSiO(3) glass at pressures close to those of the CMB. The result suggests that MgSiO(3) melt is likely to become denser than crystalline MgSiO(3) above the CMB. The presence of negatively buoyant and gravitationally stable silicate melts at the bottom of the mantle, would provide a mechanism for observed ultralow seismic velocities above the CMB without enrichment of Fe in the melt. An ultradense melt phase and its geochemical inventory would be isolated from overlying convective flow over geologic time.
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31
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Beghi MG, Di Fonzo F, Pietralunga S, Ubaldi C, Bottani CE. Precision and accuracy in film stiffness measurement by Brillouin spectroscopy. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2011; 82:053107. [PMID: 21639492 DOI: 10.1063/1.3585980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The interest in the measurement of the elastic properties of thin films is witnessed by a number of new techniques being proposed. However, the precision of results is seldom assessed in detail. Brillouin spectroscopy (BS) is an established optical, contactless, non-destructive technique, which provides a full elastic characterization of bulk materials and thin films. In the present work, the whole process of measurement of the elastic moduli by BS is critically analyzed: experimental setup, data recording, calibration, and calculation of the elastic moduli. It is shown that combining BS with ellipsometry a fully optical characterization can be obtained. The key factors affecting uncertainty of the results are identified and discussed. A procedure is proposed to discriminate factors affecting the precision from those affecting the accuracy. By the characterization of a model transparent material, silica in bulk and film form, it is demonstrated that both precision and accuracy of the elastic moduli measured by BS can reach 1% range, qualifying BS as a reference technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Beghi
- Energy Department and NEMAS Center, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34∕3, 20133 Milano, Italy
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32
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Simplicity in melt densification in multicomponent magmatic reservoirs in Earth's interior revealed by multinuclear magnetic resonance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011. [DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1019634108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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33
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Lee SK. Effect of pressure on structure of oxide glasses at high pressure: Insights from solid-state NMR of quadrupolar nuclides. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2010; 38:45-57. [PMID: 21074379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2010.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Revised: 10/15/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Revealing the structure of oxide glasses at high pressure remains a fundamental yet difficult problem in modern physical and chemical sciences. The recent advances in solid-state NMR techniques used for quadrupolar nuclides offer a considerably improved resolution of atomic sites, unveiling previously unknown structural details of oxides glasses at high pressure. Here, we present an overview of the recent progress and insights by high-resolution multi-nuclear triple quantum magic angle spinning (3QMAS) NMR into pressure-induced changes in coordination number, connectivity, and topological disorder in oxide glasses quenched from melts at high pressure. (11)B and (27)Al 3QMAS NMR studies of oxide glasses show that the formation of highly coordinated Al (([5,6])Al) and four coordinated ([4])B are prevalent at high pressure up to 8 GPa. The formation of oxygen clusters linking these highly coordinated framework units and Si (e.g., ([5,6])Al-O-([4])Si, ([5,6])Si-O-([4])Si, and Na-O-([5,6])Si) is observed in the (17)O NMR spectra at higher pressure, leading to an overall increase in the degree of polymerization with pressure. (23)Na MAS NMR spectra of diverse oxide glasses at high pressure and high magnetic field also indicate that the Na-O bond distance may decrease with pressure. Pressure-induced changes in structurally relevant NMR parameters such as the (17)O quadrupolar coupling product (P(q)) for the Si-O-Si cluster and (27)Al P(q) for Al sites in oxide glasses indicate the occurrence of pressure-induced reductions in the Si-O-Si angle and an increase in the Al-O bond length distribution with pressure, indicating an increase in the overall topological disorder in oxide glasses with pressure. All the pressure-induced changes in structure and topology are characterized by strong composition dependence. These experimental results highlight a new opportunity to investigate the molecular structures of silicate melts at high pressure and reveal connections between the microscopic signatures of anomalous and non-linear changes in the macroscopic properties of the corresponding liquids. While many challenges still remain in the synthesis of oxide glasses with wider range of melt composition at higher pressure above 12 GPa, recent progress in enhancement of sensitivity and resolution in the solid state NMR hold strong promise for study exploring additional details of connectivity among quadrupolar nuclides and medium-range order of the more complex, multi-components glasses at high pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Keun Lee
- Laboratory of Physics and Chemistry of Earth Materials, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
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