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Glöggler LT, Gusakova N, Rienäcker B, Camper A, Caravita R, Huck S, Volponi M, Wolz T, Penasa L, Krumins V, Gustafsson FP, Comparat D, Auzins M, Bergmann B, Burian P, Brusa RS, Castelli F, Cerchiari G, Ciuryło R, Consolati G, Doser M, Graczykowski Ł, Grosbart M, Guatieri F, Haider S, Janik MA, Kasprowicz G, Khatri G, Kłosowski Ł, Kornakov G, Lappo L, Linek A, Malamant J, Mariazzi S, Petracek V, Piwiński M, Pospíšil S, Povolo L, Prelz F, Rangwala SA, Rauschendorfer T, Rawat BS, Rodin V, Røhne OM, Sandaker H, Smolyanskiy P, Sowiński T, Tefelski D, Vafeiadis T, Welsch CP, Zawada M, Zielinski J, Zurlo N. Positronium Laser Cooling via the 1^{3}S-2^{3}P Transition with a Broadband Laser Pulse. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:083402. [PMID: 38457696 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.083402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
We report on laser cooling of a large fraction of positronium (Ps) in free flight by strongly saturating the 1^{3}S-2^{3}P transition with a broadband, long-pulsed 243 nm alexandrite laser. The ground state Ps cloud is produced in a magnetic and electric field-free environment. We observe two different laser-induced effects. The first effect is an increase in the number of atoms in the ground state after the time Ps has spent in the long-lived 2^{3}P states. The second effect is one-dimensional Doppler cooling of Ps, reducing the cloud's temperature from 380(20) to 170(20) K. We demonstrate a 58(9)% increase in the fraction of Ps atoms with v_{1D}<3.7×10^{4} ms^{-1}.
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Affiliation(s)
- L T Glöggler
- Physics Department, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - N Gusakova
- Physics Department, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Department of Physics, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - B Rienäcker
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - A Camper
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Sem Sælandsvei 24, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - R Caravita
- TIFPA/INFN Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - S Huck
- Physics Department, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Institute for Experimental Physics, Universität Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Volponi
- Physics Department, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- TIFPA/INFN Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - T Wolz
- Physics Department, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - L Penasa
- TIFPA/INFN Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - V Krumins
- Physics Department, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- University of Latvia, Department of Physics Raina boulevard 19, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia
| | | | - D Comparat
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Auzins
- University of Latvia, Department of Physics Raina boulevard 19, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia
| | - B Bergmann
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Husova 240/5, 110 00 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - P Burian
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Husova 240/5, 110 00 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - R S Brusa
- TIFPA/INFN Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - F Castelli
- INFN Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Department of Physics "Aldo Pontremoli," University of Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - G Cerchiari
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Ciuryło
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - G Consolati
- INFN Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Department of Aerospace Science and Technology, Politecnico di Milano, via La Masa 34, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - M Doser
- Physics Department, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - Ł Graczykowski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Physics, ul. Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Grosbart
- Physics Department, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - F Guatieri
- TIFPA/INFN Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - S Haider
- Physics Department, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - M A Janik
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Physics, ul. Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
| | - G Kasprowicz
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Electronics and Information Technology, ul. Nowowiejska 15/19, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
| | - G Khatri
- Physics Department, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - Ł Kłosowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - G Kornakov
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Physics, ul. Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Lappo
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Physics, ul. Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Linek
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - J Malamant
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Sem Sælandsvei 24, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - S Mariazzi
- TIFPA/INFN Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - V Petracek
- Czech Technical University, Prague, Brehova 7, 11519 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - M Piwiński
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - S Pospíšil
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Husova 240/5, 110 00 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - L Povolo
- TIFPA/INFN Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - F Prelz
- INFN Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - S A Rangwala
- Raman Research Institute, C. V. Raman Avenue, Sadashivanagar, Bangalore 560080, India
| | - T Rauschendorfer
- Physics Department, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Universität Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - B S Rawat
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom
- The Cockcroft Institute, Daresbury, Warrington WA4 4AD, United Kingdom
| | - V Rodin
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - O M Røhne
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Sem Sælandsvei 24, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - H Sandaker
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Sem Sælandsvei 24, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - P Smolyanskiy
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Husova 240/5, 110 00 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - T Sowiński
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Aleja Lotnikow 32/46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - D Tefelski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Physics, ul. Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Vafeiadis
- Physics Department, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - C P Welsch
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom
- The Cockcroft Institute, Daresbury, Warrington WA4 4AD, United Kingdom
| | - M Zawada
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - J Zielinski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Physics, ul. Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
| | - N Zurlo
- INFN Pavia, via Bassi 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, via Branze 43, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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Camper A, Aghion S, Amsler C, Antonello M, Belov A, Bonomi G, Brusa R, Caccia M, Caravita R, Castelli F, Cerchiari G, Comparat D, Consolati G, Demetrio A, Di Noto L, Doser M, Evans C, Fanì M, Ferragut R, Fesel J, Fontana A, Gerber S, Giammarchi M, Gligorova A, Guatieri F, Hackstock P, Haider S, Hinterberger A, Holmestad H, Kellerbauer A, Khalidova O, Krasnický D, Lagomarsino V, Lansonneur P, Lebrun P, Malbrunot C, Mariazzi S, Marton J, Matveev V, Müller S, Nebbia G, Nedelec P, Oberthaler M, Pagano D, Penasa L, Petracek V, Prelz F, Prevedelli M, Rienaecker B, Robert J, Røhne O, Rotondi A, Sandaker H, Santoro R, Smestad L, Sorrentino F, Testera G, Tietje I, Vujanovic M, Widmann E, Yzombard P, Zimmer C, Zmeskal J, Zurlo N. Imaging a positronium cloud in a 1 Tesla. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201919800004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on recent developments in positronium work in the frame of antihydrogen production through charge exchange in the AEgIS collaboration [1]. In particular, we present a new technique based on spatially imaging a cloud of positronium by collecting the positrons emitted by photoionization. This background free diagnostic proves to be highly efficient and opens up new opportunities for spectroscopy on antimatter, control and laser manipulation of positronium clouds as well as Doppler velocimetry.
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Guatieri F, Aghion S, Amsler C, Angela G, Bonomi G, Brusa R, Caccia M, Caravita R, Castelli F, Cerchiari G, Comparat D, Consolati G, Demetrio A, Di Noto L, Doser M, Evans C, Fanì M, Ferragut R, Fesel J, Fontana A, Gerber S, Giammarchi M, Gligorova A, Haider S, Hinterberger A, Holmestad H, Kellerbauer A, Krasnický D, Lagomarsino V, Lansonneur P, Lebrun P, Malbrunot C, Mariazzi S, Matveev V, Mazzotta Z, Müller S, Nebbia G, Nedelec P, Oberthaler M, Pacifico N, Pagano D, Penasa L, Petracek V, Prelz F, Prevedelli M, Rienaecker B, Robert J, Rhne. O, Rotondi A, Sacerdoti M, Sandaker H, Santoro R, Simon M, Smestad L, Sorrentino F, Testera G, Tietje I, Widmann E, Yzombard P, Zimmer C, Zmeskal J, Zurlo N. AEg̅IS latest results. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201718101037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The validity of the Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP) as predicted by General Relativity has been tested up to astounding precision using ordinary matter. The lack hitherto of a stable source of a probe being at the same time electrically neutral, cold and stable enough to be measured has prevented highaccuracy testing of the WEP on anti-matter. The AEg̅IS (Antimatter Experiment: Gravity, Interferometry, Spectroscopy) experiment located at CERN's AD (Antiproton Decelerator) facility aims at producing such a probe in the form of a pulsed beam of cold anti-hydrogen, and at measuring by means of a moiré deflectometer the gravitational force that Earth's mass exerts on it. Low temperature and abundance of the H̅ are paramount to attain a high precision measurement. A technique employing a charge-exchange reaction between antiprotons coming from the AD and excited positronium atoms is being developed at AEg̅IS and will be presented hereafter, alongside an overview of the experimental apparatus and the current status of the experiment
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Hori M, Aghai-Khozani H, Sótér A, Barna D, Dax A, Hayano R, Kobayashi T, Murakami Y, Todoroki K, Yamada H, Horváth D, Venturelli L. Buffer-gas cooling of antiprotonic helium to 1.5 to 1.7 K, and antiproton-to-electron mass ratio. Science 2017; 354:610-614. [PMID: 27811273 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf6702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Charge, parity, and time reversal (CPT) symmetry implies that a particle and its antiparticle have the same mass. The antiproton-to-electron mass ratio [Formula: see text] can be precisely determined from the single-photon transition frequencies of antiprotonic helium. We measured 13 such frequencies with laser spectroscopy to a fractional precision of 2.5 × 10-9 to 16 × 10-9 About 2 × 109 antiprotonic helium atoms were cooled to temperatures between 1.5 and 1.7 kelvin by using buffer-gas cooling in cryogenic low-pressure helium gas; the narrow thermal distribution led to the observation of sharp spectral lines of small thermal Doppler width. The deviation between the experimental frequencies and the results of three-body quantum electrodynamics calculations was reduced by a factor of 1.4 to 10 compared with previous single-photon experiments. From this, [Formula: see text] was determined as 1836.1526734(15), which agrees with a recent proton-to-electron experimental value within 8 × 10-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Hori
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Hossein Aghai-Khozani
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Anna Sótér
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Daniel Barna
- MTA Wigner Research Centre for Physics, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andreas Dax
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ryugo Hayano
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takumi Kobayashi
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yohei Murakami
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Koichi Todoroki
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamada
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Dezső Horváth
- MTA Wigner Research Centre for Physics, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Nuclear Research (ATOMKI), H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Luca Venturelli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università di Brescia, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, I-25133 Brescia, Italy
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Deller A, Alonso AM, Cooper BS, Hogan SD, Cassidy DB. Electrostatically Guided Rydberg Positronium. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:073202. [PMID: 27563960 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.073202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report experiments in which positronium (Ps) atoms were guided using inhomogeneous electric fields. Ps atoms in Rydberg-Stark states with principal quantum number n=10 and electric dipole moments up to 610 D were prepared via two-color two-photon optical excitation in the presence of a 670 V cm^{-1} electric field. The Ps atoms were created at the entrance of a 0.4 m long electrostatic quadrupole guide, and were detected at the end of the guide via annihilation gamma radiation. When the lasers were tuned to excite low-field-seeking Stark states, a fivefold increase in the number of atoms reaching the end of the guide was observed, whereas no signal was detected when high-field-seeking states were produced. The data are consistent with the calculated geometrical guide acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Deller
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - A M Alonso
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - B S Cooper
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - S D Hogan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - D B Cassidy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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7
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Consolati G, Aghion S, Amsler C, Ariga A, Ariga T, Belov A, Bonomi G, Bräunig P, Bremer J, Brusa R, Cabaret L, Caccia M, Caravita R, Castelli F, Cerchiari G, Chlouba K, Cialdi S, Comparat D, Demetrio A, Derking H, Di Noto L, Doser M, Dudarev A, Ereditato A, Ferragut R, Fontana A, Gerber S, Giammarchi M, Gligorova A, Gninenko S, Haider S, Hogan S, Holmestad H, Huse T, Jordan EJ, Kawada J, Kellerbauer A, Kimura M, Krasnicky D, Lagomarsino V, Lehner S, Malbrunot C, Mariazzi S, Matveev V, Mazzotta Z, Nebbia G, Nedelec P, Oberthaler M, Pacifico N, Penasa L, Petracek V, Pistillo C, Prelz F, Prevedelli M, Ravelli L, Riccardi C, Røhne O, Rosenberger S, Rotondi A, Sacerdoti M, Sandaker H, Santoro R, Scampoli P, Simon M, Spacek M, Storey J, Strojek IM, Subieta M, Testera G, Widmann E, Yzombard P, Zavatarelli S, Zmeskal J. Experiments with low-energy antimatter. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20159601007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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8
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Abstract
We consider some of the obstacles that will have to be overcome in order to perform a direct measurement of the gravitational free-fall of positronium atoms. Foremost among these are the production of positronium atoms in a cryogenic environment, efficient excitation of these atoms to suitably long-lived Rydberg states, and their subsequent control via the interaction of their large electric dipole moments with inhomogeneous electric fields. Recent developments in all of these areas can be directly applied to a positronium free-fall gravity measurement, making such an endeavour both timely and feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. B. Cassidy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - S. D. Hogan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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9
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Crivelli P, Cooke DA, Friedreich S. Experimental considerations for testing antimatter antigravity using positronium 1S-2S spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1142/s2010194514602579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this contribution to the WAG 2013 workshop we report on the status of our measurement of the 1S-2S transition frequency of positronium. The aim of this experiment is to reach a precision of 0.5 ppb in order to cross check the QED calculations. After reviewing the current available sources of Ps, we consider laser cooling as a route to push the precision in the measurement down to 0.1 ppb. If such an uncertainty could be achieved, this would be sensitive to the gravitational redshift and therefore be able to assess the sign of gravity for antimatter.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Crivelli
- Institute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - D. A. Cooke
- Institute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S. Friedreich
- Institute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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10
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Subieta Vasquez MA, Aghion S, Ahlén O, Amsler C, Ariga A, Ariga T, Belov AS, Bonomi G, Bräunig P, Bremer J, Brusa RS, Cabaret L, Caccia M, Canali C, Caravita R, Castelli F, Cerchiari G, Cialdi S, Comparat D, Consolati G, Dassa L, Derking JH, Di Domizio S, Di Noto L, Doser M, Dudarev A, Ereditato A, Ferragut R, Fontana A, Genova P, Giammarchi M, Gligorova A, Gninenko SN, Heider S, Hogan SD, Huse T, Jordan E, Jørgensen LV, Kaltenbacher T, Kawada J, Kellerbauer A, Kimura M, Knecht A, Krasnický D, Lagomarsino V, Mariazzi S, Matveev VA, Merkt F, Moia F, Nebbia G, Nédélec P, Oberthaler MK, Pacifico N, Petráček V, Pistilo C, Prelz F, Prevedelli M, Regenfus C, Ricardi C, Røhne O, Rotondi A, Sandaker H, Scampoli P, Storey J, Špaček M, Testera G, Trezzi D, Vaccarone R, Villa F, Zavatarelli S. AE$\overline {\rm{g}}$IS Experiment: Measuring the acceleration gof the earth’s gravitational field on antihydrogen beam. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20147100128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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11
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Dutta D, Feldblyum JI, Gidley DW, Imirzian J, Liu M, Matzger AJ, Vallery RS, Wong-Foy AG. Evidence of Positronium Bloch states in porous crystals of Zn4O-coordination polymers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:197403. [PMID: 23705740 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.197403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Positronium (Ps) is shown to exist in a delocalized state in self-assembled metalorganic crystals that have large 1.3-1.5 nm cell sizes. Belonging to a class of materials with record high accessible specific surface areas, these highly porous crystals are the first to allow direct probing with simple annihilation lifetime techniques of the transport properties of long-lived triplet Ps in what is hypothesized to be a Bloch state. Delocalized Ps has unprecedented (high) Ps mobility driven primarily by weak phonon scattering with unusual and profound consequences on how Ps probes the lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanadeep Dutta
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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12
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Consolati G, Ferragut R, Galarneau A, Di Renzo F, Quasso F. Mesoporous materials for antihydrogen production. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:3821-32. [PMID: 23250616 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35454c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Antimatter is barely known by the chemist community and this article has the vocation to explain how antimatter, in particular antihydrogen, can be obtained, as well as to show how mesoporous materials could be used as a further improvement for the production of antimatter at very low temperatures (below 1 K). The first experiments with mesoporous materials highlighted in this review show very promising and exciting results. Mesoporous materials such as mesoporous silicon, mesoporous material films, pellets of MCM-41 and silica aerogel show remarkable features for antihydrogen formation. Yet, the characteristics for the best future mesoporous materials (e.g. pore sizes, pore connectivity, shape, surface chemistry) remain to be clearly identified. For now among the best candidates are pellets of MCM-41 and aerogel with pore sizes between 10 and 30 nm, possessing hydrophobic patches on their surface to avoid ice formation at low temperature. From a fundamental standpoint, antimatter experiments could help to shed light on open issues, such as the apparent asymmetry between matter and antimatter in our universe and the gravitational behaviour of antimatter. To this purpose, basic studies on antimatter are necessary and a convenient production of antimatter is required. It is exactly where mesoporous materials could be very useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Consolati
- Department of Aerospace Science and Technology, Politecnico di Milano, via La Masa 34, 20156, Milano, Italy.
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13
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Cui N, Macovei M, Hatsagortsyan KZ, Keitel CH. Manipulating the annihilation dynamics of positronium via collective radiation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:243401. [PMID: 23004269 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.243401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A method is investigated to manipulate the annihilation dynamics of a dense gas of positronium atoms employing superradiance and subradiance regimes of the cooperative spontaneous emission of the system. The corresponding annihilation dynamics is explored in two setups with regard to its fundamental novel properties and controlled by the gas density and by the intensity of a driving strong resonant laser field. In particular, the method allows us to increase the annihilation lifetime of an ensemble of positronium atoms by trapping the atoms in the excited state via collective radiative effects in the resonant laser field. In the second setup, the effect is enhanced by employing a cavity field. The maximum lifetime increase is by a factor of about 200 for para-positronium and by a factor of about 100 for ortho-positronium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Cui
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Cassidy DB, Hisakado TH, Tom HWK, Mills AP. Photoemission of positronium from Si. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:033401. [PMID: 21838356 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.033401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We have observed that the amount of positronium (Ps) emitted from the surface of p-Si(100) is substantially increased if the sample is irradiated with 532 nm laser light just prior to the implantation of positrons. The energy of the emitted Ps has a constant value of ∼0.16 eV and is independent of the Si temperature and the applied laser fluence, while the photoemission yield depends on both of these parameters. These observations are consistent with Ps production via a previously observed excitonlike positron surface state that is populated in response to the production of electron-hole pairs in the Si. Possible applications of Ps photoemission include probing surface electron dynamics on Si, the generation of ultrashort Ps or positron pulses using ps lasers, and efficient production of Ps in cryogenic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Cassidy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, California 92521-0413, USA
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Becucci M, Ferrari G, Boscolo I, Castelli F, Cialdi S, Villa F, Giammarchi M. Laser sources for efficient two-step Positronium excitation to Rydberg states. J Mol Struct 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2011.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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