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Wang F, Han Z, Sun J, Yang X, Wang X, Tang Z. Reversible Ultrafast Chiroptical Responses in Planar Plasmonic Nano-Oligomer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2304657. [PMID: 37656897 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Ultracompact chiral plasmonic nanostructures with unique chiral light-matter interactions are vital for future photonic technologies. However, previous studies are limited to reporting their steady-state performance, presenting a fundamental obstacle to the development of high-speed optical devices with polarization sensitivity. Here, a comprehensive analysis of ultrafast chiroptical response of chiral gold nano-oligomers using time-resolved polarimetric measurements is provided. Significant differences are observed in terms of the absorption intensity, thus hot electron generation, and hot carrier decay time upon polarized photopumping, which are explained by a phenomenological model of the helicity-resolved optical transitions. Moreover, the chiroptical signal is switchable by reversing the direction of the pump pulse, demonstrating the versatile modulation of polarization selection in a single device. The results offer fundamental insights into the helicity-resolved optical transitions in photoexcited chiral plasmonics and can facilitate the development of high-speed polarization-sensitive flat optics with potential applications in nanophotonics and quantum optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zexiang Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Juehan Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - XueKang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Sedov ES, Rubo YG, Kavokin AV. Polariton polarization rectifier. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2019; 8:79. [PMID: 31645925 PMCID: PMC6804846 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-019-0189-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We propose a novel photonic device, the polariton polarization rectifier, intended to transform polariton pulses with arbitrary polarization into linearly polarized pulses with controllable orientation of the polarization plane. It is based on the interplay between the orbital motion of the polariton wave packet and the dynamics of the polariton pseudospin governed by the spatially dependent effective magnetic field. The latter is controlled by the TE-TM splitting in a harmonic trap. We show that the unpolarized polariton pulse acquires linear polarization in the course of propagation in a harmonic trap. This gives the considered structure an extra function as a linear polarizer of polariton pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny S. Sedov
- Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024 Zhejiang Province China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024 Zhejiang Province China
- Vladimir State University, Gorky str. 87, Vladimir, 600000 Russia
| | - Yuri G. Rubo
- Instituto de Energías Renovables, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 62580 Temixco, MOR Mexico
| | - Alexey V. Kavokin
- Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024 Zhejiang Province China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024 Zhejiang Province China
- Spin Optics Laboratory, Saint Petersburg State University, 1 Ulianovskaya, St. Petersburg, 198504 Russia
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Gavrilov SS. Polariton Chimeras: Bose-Einstein Condensates with Intrinsic Chaoticity and Spontaneous Long-Range Ordering. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:033901. [PMID: 29400527 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.033901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The system of cavity polaritons driven by a plane electromagnetic wave is found to undergo the spontaneous breaking of spatial symmetry, which results in a lifted phase locking with respect to the driving field and, consequently, in the possibility of internal ordering. In particular, periodic spin and intensity patterns arise in polariton wires; they exhibit strong long-range order and can serve as media for signal transmission. Such patterns have the properties of dynamical chimeras: they are formed spontaneously in perfectly homogeneous media and can be partially chaotic. The reported new mechanism of chimera formation requires neither time-delayed feedback loops nor nonlocal interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Gavrilov
- Institute of Solid State Physics, RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
- A. M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute, RAS, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, 101000 Moscow, Russia
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Walker PM, Tinkler L, Royall B, Skryabin DV, Farrer I, Ritchie DA, Skolnick MS, Krizhanovskii DN. Dark Solitons in High Velocity Waveguide Polariton Fluids. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:097403. [PMID: 28949573 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.097403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We study exciton-polariton nonlinear optical fluids in the high momentum waveguide regime for the first time. We demonstrate the formation of dark solitons with the expected dependence of width on fluid density for both main classes of soliton-forming fluid defects. The results are well described by numerical modeling of the fluid propagation. We deduce a continuous wave nonlinearity more than ten times that on picosecond time scales, arising due to interaction with the exciton reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Walker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - L Tinkler
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - B Royall
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - D V Skryabin
- Department of Physics, University of Bath, BA2 7AY Bath, United Kingdom
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - I Farrer
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, S3 7HQ Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - D A Ritchie
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CB3 0HE Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - M S Skolnick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - D N Krizhanovskii
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Tunable Bragg polaritons and nonlinear emission from a hybrid metal-unfolded ZnSe-based microcavity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:767. [PMID: 28396601 PMCID: PMC5429702 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00878-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Strong light-matter interaction in Bragg structures possesses several advantages over conventional microcavity system. These structures provide an opportunity to incorporate a large number of quantum wells without increasing the mode volume. Further, it is expected that the strong coupling could occur over the entire thickness of the Bragg structure, and the system offers an improved overlap between exciton wave function and light mode. However, advanced experiments in Bragg structures require a precise control and manipulation of quantum states of Bragg polaritons. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate novel methods for the modulation of Bragg polariton eigenstates. The modulation will be shown to even exceed 10 meV if the thickness of the top layer of the ZnSe-based Bragg structure is changed or if a thin silver layer is deposited on top of the structure. The Q value of the Bragg mode will be enhanced by a factor of 2.3 for a 30 nm silver layer. In addition, we report on the observation of nonlinear emission of the lower Bragg polariton mode in the hybrid structure being achieved when excitation dependent measurements are performed. Our results open the door to create a confined Bragg polariton system similar to conventional microcavities.
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Sich M, Fras F, Chana JK, Skolnick MS, Krizhanovskii DN, Gorbach AV, Hartley R, Skryabin DV, Gavrilov SS, Cerda-Méndez EA, Biermann K, Hey R, Santos PV. Effects of spin-dependent interactions on polarization of bright polariton solitons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:046403. [PMID: 24580473 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.046403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report on the spin properties of bright polariton solitons supported by an external pump to compensate losses. We observe robust circularly polarized solitons when a circularly polarized pump is applied, a result attributed to phase synchronization between nondegenerate TE and TM polarized polariton modes at high momenta. For the case of a linearly polarized pump, either σ+ or σ- circularly polarized bright solitons can be switched on in a controlled way by a σ+ or σ- writing beam, respectively. This feature arises directly from the widely differing interaction strengths between co- and cross-circularly polarized polaritons. In the case of orthogonally linearly polarized pump and writing beams, the soliton emission on average is found to be unpolarized, suggesting strong spatial evolution of the soliton polarization. The observed results are in agreement with theory, which predicts stable circularly polarized solitons and unstable linearly polarized solitons.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - F Fras
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - J K Chana
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - M S Skolnick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - D N Krizhanovskii
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - A V Gorbach
- Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - R Hartley
- Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - D V Skryabin
- Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - S S Gavrilov
- Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
| | - E A Cerda-Méndez
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - K Biermann
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - R Hey
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - P V Santos
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Pervishko AA, Liew TCH, Kovalev VM, Savenko IG, Shelykh IA. Nonlinear effects in multi-photon polaritonics. OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 21:15183-15194. [PMID: 23842304 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.015183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We consider theoretically nonlinear effects in a semiconductor quantum well embedded inside a photonic microcavity. Two-photon absorption by a 2p exciton state is considered and investigated; the matrix element of two-photon absorption is calculated. We compute the emission spectrum of the sample and demonstrate that under coherent pumping the nonlinearity of the two photon absorption process gives rise to bistability.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Pervishko
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
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Li F, Orosz L, Kamoun O, Bouchoule S, Brimont C, Disseix P, Guillet T, Lafosse X, Leroux M, Leymarie J, Mexis M, Mihailovic M, Patriarche G, Réveret F, Solnyshkov D, Zuniga-Perez J, Malpuech G. From excitonic to photonic polariton condensate in a ZnO-based microcavity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:196406. [PMID: 23705728 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.196406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report exciton-polariton condensation in a new family of fully hybrid ZnO-based microcavity demonstrating the best-quality ZnO material available (a bulk substrate), a large quality factor (~4000) and large Rabi splittings (~240 meV). Condensation is achieved between 4 and 300 K and for excitonic fractions ranging between 17% and 96%, which corresponds to a tuning of the exciton-polariton mass, lifetime, and interaction constant by 1 order of magnitude. We demonstrate mode switching between polariton branches allowing, just by controlling the pumping power, to tune the photonic fraction by a factor of 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- CRHEA-CNRS, Rue Bernard Gregory, 06560 Valbonne, France
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Walker P, Liew TCH, Sarkar D, Durska M, Love APD, Skolnick MS, Roberts JS, Shelykh IA, Kavokin AV, Krizhanovskii DN. Suppression of Zeeman splitting of the energy levels of exciton-polariton condensates in semiconductor microcavities in an external magnetic field. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:257401. [PMID: 21770670 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.257401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A key property of equilibrium exciton-polariton condensates in semiconductor microcavities is the suppression of the Zeeman splitting under a magnetic field. By studying magnetophotoluminescence spectra from a GaAs microcavity, we show experimentally that a similar effect occurs in a nonequilibrium polariton condensate arising from polariton parametric scattering. In this case, the quenching of Zeeman splitting is related to a phase synchronization of spin-up and spin-down polarized polariton condensates caused by a nonlinear coupling via the coherent pump state.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Walker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Adrados C, Amo A, Liew TCH, Hivet R, Houdré R, Giacobino E, Kavokin AV, Bramati A. Spin rings in bistable planar semiconductor microcavities. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:216403. [PMID: 21231328 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.216403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Revised: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A remarkable feature of exciton-polaritons is the strongly spin-dependent polariton-polariton interaction, which has been predicted to result in the formation of spin rings in real space [Shelykh, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 116401 (2008)]. Here we experimentally demonstrate the spin bistability of exciton polaritons in an InGaAs-based semiconductor microcavity under resonant optical pumping. We observe the formation of spin rings whose size can be finely controlled in a spatial scale down to the micrometer range, much smaller than the spot size. Demonstration of optically controlled spin patterns in semiconductors opens way to the realization of spin logic devices and spin memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Adrados
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, École Normale Supérieure et CNRS, UPMC Case 74, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
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