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Isono T, Sugiura S, Terashima T, Miyagawa K, Kanoda K, Uji S. Spin-lattice decoupling in a triangular-lattice quantum spin liquid. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1509. [PMID: 29666404 PMCID: PMC5904176 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04005-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A quantum spin liquid (QSL) is an exotic state of matter in condensed-matter systems, where the electron spins are strongly correlated, but conventional magnetic orders are suppressed down to zero temperature because of strong quantum fluctuations. One of the most prominent features of a QSL is the presence of fractionalized spin excitations, called spinons. Despite extensive studies, the nature of the spinons is still highly controversial. Here we report magnetocaloric-effect measurements on an organic spin-1/2 triangular-lattice antiferromagnet, showing that electron spins are decoupled from a lattice in a QSL state. The decoupling phenomena support the gapless nature of spin excitations. We further find that as a magnetic field is applied away from a quantum critical point, the number of spin states that interact with lattice vibrations is strongly reduced, leading to weak spin–lattice coupling. The results are compared with a model of a strongly correlated QSL near a quantum critical point. A number of materials have been proposed as realizations of exotic quantum spin liquids but many important properties are difficult to establish. Isono et al. show evidence for spin-lattice decoupling in an organic material, which may help resolve conflicting results about the existence of a spin-excitation gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Isono
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0003, Japan. .,Condensed Molecular Materials Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Shiori Sugiura
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0003, Japan
| | - Taichi Terashima
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0003, Japan
| | - Kazuya Miyagawa
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kazushi Kanoda
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Shinya Uji
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0003, Japan.
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Shimizu Y, Hiramatsu T, Maesato M, Otsuka A, Yamochi H, Ono A, Itoh M, Yoshida M, Takigawa M, Yoshida Y, Saito G. Pressure-Tuned Exchange Coupling of a Quantum Spin Liquid in the Molecular Triangular Lattice κ-(ET)_{2}Ag_{2}(CN)_{3}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:107203. [PMID: 27636491 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.107203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The effects of pressure on a quantum spin liquid are investigated in an organic Mott insulator κ-(ET)_{2}Ag_{2}(CN)_{3} with a spin-1/2 triangular lattice. The application of negative chemical pressure to κ-(ET)_{2}Cu_{2}(CN)_{3}, which is a well-known sister Mott insulator, allows for extensive tuning of antiferromagnetic exchange coupling, with J/k_{B}=175-310 K, under hydrostatic pressure. Based on ^{13}C nuclear magnetic resonance measurements under pressure, we uncover universal scaling in the static and dynamic spin susceptibilities down to low temperatures ∼0.1k_{B}T/J. The persistent fluctuations and residual specific heat coefficient are consistent with the presence of gapless low-lying excitations. Our results thus demonstrate the fundamental finite-temperature properties of a quantum spin liquid in a wide parameter range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Shimizu
- Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Takaaki Hiramatsu
- Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Maesato
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Akihiro Otsuka
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Research Center for Low Temperature and Materials Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hideki Yamochi
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Research Center for Low Temperature and Materials Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ono
- Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Masayuki Itoh
- Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Makoto Yoshida
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Masashi Takigawa
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Yoshida
- Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
| | - Gunzi Saito
- Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
- Toyota Physical and Chemical Research Institute, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan
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Tang Y, Sandvik AW. Confinement and deconfinement of spinons in two dimensions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:217213. [PMID: 23745929 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.217213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We use Monte Carlo methods to study spinons in two-dimensional quantum spin systems, characterizing their intrinsic size λ and confinement length Λ. We confirm that spinons are deconfined, Λ→∞ and λ finite, in a resonating valence-bond spin-liquid state. In a valence-bond solid, we find finite λ and Λ, with λ of a single spinon significantly larger than the bound state-the spinon is soft and shrinks as the bound state is formed. Both λ and Λ diverge upon approaching the critical point separating valence-bond solid and Néel ground states. We conclude that the spinon deconfinement is marginal in the lowest-energy state in the spin-1 sector, due to weak attractive spinon interactions. Deconfinement in the vicinity of the critical point should occur at higher energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tang
- Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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Zhou HD, Xu C, Hallas AM, Silverstein HJ, Wiebe CR, Umegaki I, Yan JQ, Murphy TP, Park JH, Qiu Y, Copley JRD, Gardner JS, Takano Y. Successive phase transitions and extended spin-excitation continuum in the S=1/2 triangular-lattice antiferromagnet Ba3CoSb2O9. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:267206. [PMID: 23368612 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.267206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Using magnetic, thermal, and neutron measurements on single-crystal samples, we show that Ba3CoSb2O9 is a spin-1/2 triangular-lattice antiferromagnet with the c axis as the magnetic easy axis and two magnetic phase transitions bracketing an intermediate up-up-down phase in magnetic field applied along the c axis. A pronounced extensive neutron-scattering continuum above spin-wave excitations, observed below T(N), implies that the system is in close proximity to one of two spin-liquid states that have been predicted for a 2D triangular lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- H D Zhou
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1200, USA.
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Tang Y, Sandvik AW. Method to characterize spinons as emergent elementary particles. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:157201. [PMID: 22107315 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.157201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We develop a technique to directly study spinons (emergent spin S=1/2 particles) in quantum spin models in any number of dimensions. The size of a spinon wave packet and of a bound pair (a triplon) are defined in terms of wave-function overlaps that can be evaluated by quantum Monte Carlo simulations. We show that the same information is contained in the spin-spin correlation function as well. We illustrate the method in one dimension. We confirm that spinons are well-defined particles (have exponentially localized wave packet) in a valence-bond-solid state, are marginally defined (with power-law shaped wave packet) in the standard Heisenberg critical state, and are not well defined in an ordered Néel state (achieved in one dimension using long-range interactions).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tang
- Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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