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Wu H, Tang J, Chen M, Xiao M, Lu Y, Xia K, Nori F. Passive magnetic-free broadband optical isolator based on unidirectional self-induced transparency. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:11010-11021. [PMID: 38570960 DOI: 10.1364/oe.507019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Achieving a broadband nonreciprocal device without gain and any external bias is very challenging and highly desirable for modern photonic technologies and quantum networks. Here we theoretically propose a passive and magnetic-free all-optical isolator for a femtosecond laser pulse by exploiting a new mechanism of unidirectional self-induced transparency, obtained with a nonlinear medium followed by a normal absorbing medium at one side. The transmission contrast between the forward and backward directions can reach 14.3 dB for a 2π - 5 fs laser pulse. The 20 dB bandwidth is about 56 nm, already comparable with a magneto-optical isolator. This work provides a new mechanism which may benefit non-magnetic isolation of ultrashort laser pulses.
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2
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Nie W, Shi T, Liu YX, Nori F. Non-Hermitian Waveguide Cavity QED with Tunable Atomic Mirrors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:103602. [PMID: 37739354 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.103602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Optical mirrors determine cavity properties by means of light reflection. Imperfect reflection gives rise to open cavities with photon loss. We study an open cavity made of atom-dimer mirrors with a tunable reflection spectrum. We find that the atomic cavity shows anti-PT symmetry. The anti-PT phase transition controlled by atomic couplings in mirrors indicates the emergence of two degenerate cavity supermodes. Interestingly, a threshold of mirror reflection is identified for realizing strong coherent cavity-atom coupling. This reflection threshold reveals the criterion of atomic mirrors to produce a good cavity. Moreover, cavity quantum electrodynamics with a probe atom shows mirror-tuned properties, including reflection-dependent polaritons formed by the cavity and probe atom. Our Letter presents a non-Hermitian theory of an anti-PT atomic cavity, which may have applications in quantum optics and quantum computation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Nie
- Center for Joint Quantum Studies and Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Tao Shi
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2735, Beijing 100190, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu-Xi Liu
- School of Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Franco Nori
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wakoshi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Center for Quantum Computing, RIKEN, Wakoshi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
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3
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Feng XN, Liu HY, Wei LF. Waveguide Mach-Zehnder interferometer to enhance the sensitivity of quantum parameter estimation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:17215-17225. [PMID: 37381461 DOI: 10.1364/oe.487793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The waveguide Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) (see, e.g., in Phys. Rev. Lett.113, 243601 (2015)10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.243601 and Nature569, 692 (2019)10.1038/s41586-019-1196-1), instead of the free space's one, have been demonstrated for the sensitive quantum parameter estimations. Here, we propose a waveguide Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) to further enhance the sensitivity of the relevant parameter estimations. The configuration is formed by two one-dimensional waveguides coupled sequentially to two atomic mirrors, which are served as the beam splitters of the waveguide photons to control the probabilities of the photons being transferred from one waveguide to another. Due to the quantum interference of the waveguide photons, the acquired phase of the photons when they pass through a phase shifter can be sensitively estimated by measuring either the transmitted or reflected probabilities of the transporting photons. Interestingly, we show that, with the proposed waveguide MZI the sensitivity of the quantum parameter estimation could be further optimized, compared with the waveguide FPI, in the same condition. The feasibility of the proposal, with the current atom-waveguide integrated technique, is also discussed.
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4
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Chen J, Han W, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Ge Y, Guo Y, Yang F. Bias-dependent hole transport through a multi-channel silicon nanowire transistor with single-acceptor-induced quantum dots. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:11018-11027. [PMID: 35866357 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02250h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Quantum transport in multi-channel silicon nanowire transistors presents enhanced data capacity and driving ability by overlapping current, which are essential for constructing quantum logic platforms. However, the overlapping behavior of the quantum transport through multi-channels remains elusive. Herein, we demonstrated bias-dependent hole transport spectroscopy from zero-dimensional (0D) to one-dimensional (1D) features in a lightly boron-doped multi-channel silicon nanowire transistor. The evolution of the initial 0D conductance peak splitting with source/drain bias voltages reveals the statistically distributed positions of single dopant atoms in multi-channels relative to the source or drain side. Two sets of 1D subbands are determined separately for heavy and light holes with different effective masses by measuring the positions of transconductance valleys, which have a negative shift with increasing bias voltage. Our results will benefit the practical utilization of silicon-based devices with atomic-level functionality in the field of quantum computation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jundong Chen
- Engineering Research Center for Semiconductor Integrated Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Weihua Han
- Engineering Research Center for Semiconductor Integrated Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Semiconductor Integrated Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodi Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Semiconductor Integrated Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yandong Ge
- Engineering Research Center for Semiconductor Integrated Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yangyan Guo
- Engineering Research Center for Semiconductor Integrated Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Fuhua Yang
- Engineering Research Center for Semiconductor Integrated Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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5
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Yoo SM, Javanainen J. Light reflection and transmission in planar lattices of cold atoms. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:9764-9776. [PMID: 32225577 DOI: 10.1364/oe.389570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation of light using atoms plays a fundamental and important role in emerging technologies such as integrated photonics, information storage, and quantum sensors. Specifically, there have been intense theoretical efforts involving large samples of cold neutral atoms for coherent control of light. Here we present a theoretical scheme that enables efficient computation of collective optical responses of mono- and bi-layer planar square lattices of dense, cold two-level atoms using classical electrodynamics of coupled dipoles in the limit of low laser intensity. The steady-state transmissivity and reflectivity are obtained at a field point far away from the atomic lattices in the regime with no Bragg reflection. While our earlier method was based on exact solution of the electrodynamics for a small-scale lattice, here we calculate the dipole moments assuming that they are the same at all lattice sites, as for an infinite lattice. Atomic lattices with effectively over one hundred times more sites than in our earlier exact computations can then be simulated numerically with fewer computational resources. We have implemented an automatic selection of the number of sites under the given convergence criteria. We compare the numerical results from both computational schemes. We also find similarities and differences of a stack of two atomic lattices from a two-atom sample. Such aspects may be exploited to engineer a stack for potential applications.
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Bhaskar MK, Sukachev DD, Sipahigil A, Evans RE, Burek MJ, Nguyen CT, Rogers LJ, Siyushev P, Metsch MH, Park H, Jelezko F, Lončar M, Lukin MD. Quantum Nonlinear Optics with a Germanium-Vacancy Color Center in a Nanoscale Diamond Waveguide. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017. [PMID: 28621982 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.223603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a quantum nanophotonics platform based on germanium-vacancy (GeV) color centers in fiber-coupled diamond nanophotonic waveguides. We show that GeV optical transitions have a high quantum efficiency and are nearly lifetime broadened in such nanophotonic structures. These properties yield an efficient interface between waveguide photons and a single GeV center without the use of a cavity or slow-light waveguide. As a result, a single GeV center reduces waveguide transmission by 18±1% on resonance in a single pass. We use a nanophotonic interferometer to perform homodyne detection of GeV resonance fluorescence. By probing the photon statistics of the output field, we demonstrate that the GeV-waveguide system is nonlinear at the single-photon level.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Bhaskar
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - D D Sukachev
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the RAS, Leninsky Prospekt 53, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - A Sipahigil
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - R E Evans
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - M J Burek
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - C T Nguyen
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - L J Rogers
- Institute for Quantum Optics, University Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - P Siyushev
- Institute for Quantum Optics, University Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - M H Metsch
- Institute for Quantum Optics, University Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - H Park
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - F Jelezko
- Institute for Quantum Optics, University Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - M Lončar
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - M D Lukin
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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7
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Holzmann D, Ritsch H. Collective scattering and oscillation modes of optically bound point particles trapped in a single mode waveguide field. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:31793-31806. [PMID: 26698971 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.031793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Collective coherent scattering of laser light induces strong light forces between polarizable point particles. These dipole forces are strongly enhanced in magnitude and distance within the field of an optical waveguide so that at low temperature the particles self-order in strongly bound regular patterns. The stationary configurations typically exhibit super-radiant scattering with strong particle and light confinement. Here we study collective excitations of such self-consistent crystalline particle-light structures as function of particle number and pump strength. Multiple scattering and absorption modify the collective particle-field eigenfrequencies and create eigenmodes of surprisingly complex nature. For larger arrays this often leads to dynamical instabilities and disintegration of the structures even if additional damping is present.
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8
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Fratini F, Mascarenhas E, Safari L, Poizat JP, Valente D, Auffèves A, Gerace D, Santos MF. Fabry-Perot interferometer with quantum mirrors: nonlinear light transport and rectification. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:243601. [PMID: 25541772 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.243601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Optical transport represents a natural route towards fast communications, and it is currently used in large scale data transfer. The progressive miniaturization of devices for information processing calls for the microscopic tailoring of light transport and confinement at length scales appropriate for upcoming technologies. With this goal in mind, we present a theoretical analysis of a one-dimensional Fabry-Perot interferometer built with two highly saturable nonlinear mirrors: a pair of two-level systems. Our approach captures nonlinear and nonreciprocal effects of light transport that were not reported previously. Remarkably, we show that such an elementary device can operate as a microscopic integrated optical rectifier.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Fratini
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, CP 702, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte, Brazil and Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut NÉEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France and CNRS, Institut NÉEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Box 3000, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - E Mascarenhas
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, CP 702, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - L Safari
- Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Box 3000, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland and IST Austria, Am Campus 1, A-3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - J-Ph Poizat
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut NÉEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France and CNRS, Institut NÉEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - D Valente
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 78060-900 Cuiabá MT, Brazil
| | - A Auffèves
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut NÉEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France and CNRS, Institut NÉEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - D Gerace
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, via Bassi 6, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - M F Santos
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, CP 702, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Meir Z, Schwartz O, Shahmoon E, Oron D, Ozeri R. Cooperative Lamb shift in a mesoscopic atomic array. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:193002. [PMID: 25415903 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.193002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
According to quantum electrodynamics, the exchange of virtual photons in a system of identical quantum emitters causes a shift of its energy levels. Such shifts, known as cooperative Lamb shifts, have been studied mostly in the near-field regime. However, the resonant electromagnetic interaction persists also at large distances, providing coherent coupling between distant atoms. Here, we report a direct spectroscopic observation of the cooperative Lamb shift of an optical electric-dipole transition in an array of Sr(+) ions suspended in a Paul trap at inter-ion separations much larger than the resonance wavelength. By controlling the precise positions of the ions, we studied the far-field resonant coupling in chains of up to eight ions, extending to a length of 40 μm. This method provides a novel tool for experimental exploration of cooperative emission phenomena in extended mesoscopic atomic arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Meir
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - O Schwartz
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - E Shahmoon
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel and Department of Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - D Oron
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - R Ozeri
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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10
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Hein SM, Schulze F, Carmele A, Knorr A. Optical feedback-enhanced photon entanglement from a biexciton cascade. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:027401. [PMID: 25062228 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.027401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In a solid-state platform for quantum information science, the biexciton cascade is an important source of entangled photons. However, the entanglement is usually reduced considerably by the fine-structure splitting of the exciton levels. We show how to counteract this loss of entanglement by applying optical feedback. Substantial control and enhancement of photon entanglement can be achieved by coherently feeding back a part of the emitted signal, e.g., by a mirror, and by tuning the feedback phase and delay time. We present full quantum-mechanical calculations, which include the external photon mode continuum, and discuss the mechanisms leading to the above effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven M Hein
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Nichtlineare Optik und Quantenelektronik, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franz Schulze
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Nichtlineare Optik und Quantenelektronik, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Carmele
- Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation, Technikerstraße 21a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Knorr
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Nichtlineare Optik und Quantenelektronik, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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11
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Li Y, Aolita L, Chang DE, Kwek LC. Robust-fidelity atom-photon entangling gates in the weak-coupling regime. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:160504. [PMID: 23215063 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.160504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We describe a simple entangling principle based on the scattering of photons off single emitters in one-dimensional waveguides (or extremely lossy cavities). The scheme can be applied to polarization- or time bin-encoded photonic qubits, and features a filtering mechanism that works effectively as a built-in error-correction directive. This automatically maps imperfections from the dominant sources of errors into heralded losses instead of infidelities, something highly advantageous, for instance, in quantum information applications. The scheme is thus adequate for high-fidelity maximally entangling gates even in the weak-coupling regime. These, in turn, can be directly used to store and retrieve photonic-qubit states, thereby completing an atom-photon interface toolbox, or applied to sequential measurement-based quantum computations with atomic memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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12
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Rephaeli E, Fan S. Stimulated emission from a single excited atom in a waveguide. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:143602. [PMID: 22540793 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.143602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We study stimulated emission from an excited two-level atom coupled to a waveguide containing an incident single-photon pulse. We show that the strong photon correlation, as induced by the atom, plays a very important role in stimulated emission. Additionally, the temporal duration of the incident photon pulse is shown to have a marked effect on stimulated emission and atomic lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eden Rephaeli
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
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Rezus YLA, Walt SG, Lettow R, Renn A, Zumofen G, Götzinger S, Sandoghdar V. Single-photon spectroscopy of a single molecule. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:093601. [PMID: 22463633 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.093601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Efficient interaction of light and matter at the ultimate limit of single photons and single emitters is of great interest from a fundamental point of view and for emerging applications in quantum engineering. However, the difficulty of generating single-photon streams with specific wavelengths, bandwidths, and power as well as the weak interaction probability of a single photon with an optical emitter pose a formidable challenge toward this goal. Here, we demonstrate a general approach based on the creation of single photons from a single emitter and their use for performing spectroscopy on a second emitter situated at a distance. While this first proof of principle realization uses organic molecules as emitters, the scheme is readily extendable to quantum dots and color centers. Our work ushers in a new line of experiments that provide access to the coherent and nonlinear couplings of few emitters and few propagating photons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L A Rezus
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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