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Aoki S, Aoki Y, Bečirević D, Bernard C, Blum T, Colangelo G, Della Morte M, Dimopoulos P, Dürr S, Fukaya H, Golterman M, Gottlieb S, Hashimoto S, Heller UM, Horsley R, Jüttner A, Kaneko T, Lellouch L, Leutwyler H, Lin CJD, Lubicz V, Lunghi E, Mawhinney R, Onogi T, Pena C, Sachrajda CT, Sharpe SR, Simula S, Sommer R, Vladikas A, Wenger U, Wittig H. Review of lattice results concerning low-energy particle physics: Flavour Lattice Averaging Group (FLAG). THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2017; 77:112. [PMID: 29033670 PMCID: PMC5588406 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-016-4509-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We review lattice results related to pion, kaon, D- and B-meson physics with the aim of making them easily accessible to the particle-physics community. More specifically, we report on the determination of the light-quark masses, the form factor [Formula: see text], arising in the semileptonic [Formula: see text] transition at zero momentum transfer, as well as the decay constant ratio [Formula: see text] and its consequences for the CKM matrix elements [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, we describe the results obtained on the lattice for some of the low-energy constants of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] Chiral Perturbation Theory. We review the determination of the [Formula: see text] parameter of neutral kaon mixing as well as the additional four B parameters that arise in theories of physics beyond the Standard Model. The latter quantities are an addition compared to the previous review. For the heavy-quark sector, we provide results for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] (also new compared to the previous review), as well as those for D- and B-meson-decay constants, form factors, and mixing parameters. These are the heavy-quark quantities most relevant for the determination of CKM matrix elements and the global CKM unitarity-triangle fit. Finally, we review the status of lattice determinations of the strong coupling constant [Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Aoki
- Center for Gravitational Physics, Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
| | - Y. Aoki
- Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe (KMI), Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602 Japan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, RIKEN BNL Research Center, Upton, NY 11973 USA
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, 305-0801 Japan
| | - D. Bečirević
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique (UMR8627), CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - C. Bernard
- Department of Physics, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO 63130 USA
| | - T. Blum
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, RIKEN BNL Research Center, Upton, NY 11973 USA
- Physics Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3046 USA
| | - G. Colangelo
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Bern, Sidlerstr. 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - M. Della Morte
- CP3-Origins and Danish IAS, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
- IFIC (CSIC), c/ Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - P. Dimopoulos
- Centro Fermi-Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi Compendio del Viminale, Piazza del Viminiale 1, 00184 Rome, Italy
- c/o Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - S. Dürr
- University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
- Jülich Supercomputing Center, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - H. Fukaya
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - M. Golterman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA
| | - Steven Gottlieb
- Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | - S. Hashimoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, 305-0801 Japan
- School of High Energy Accelerator Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai), Tsukuba, 305-0801 Japan
| | - U. M. Heller
- American Physical Society (APS), One Research Road, Ridge, NY 11961 USA
| | - R. Horsley
- Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD UK
| | - A. Jüttner
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK
| | - T. Kaneko
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, 305-0801 Japan
- School of High Energy Accelerator Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai), Tsukuba, 305-0801 Japan
| | - L. Lellouch
- Centre de Physique Théorique, UMR 7332, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Université de Toulon, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - H. Leutwyler
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Bern, Sidlerstr. 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - C.-J. D. Lin
- Centre de Physique Théorique, UMR 7332, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Université de Toulon, 13288 Marseille, France
- Institute of Physics, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010 Taiwan
| | - V. Lubicz
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Rome, Italy
- Sezione di Roma Tre, INFN, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - E. Lunghi
- Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | - R. Mawhinney
- Physics Department, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 USA
| | - T. Onogi
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - C. Pena
- Departamento de Física Teórica, Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - C. T. Sachrajda
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK
| | - S. R. Sharpe
- Physics Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1560 USA
| | - S. Simula
- Sezione di Roma Tre, INFN, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - R. Sommer
- John von Neumann Institute for Computing (NIC), DESY, Platanenallee 6, 15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - A. Vladikas
- Sezione di Tor Vergata, INFN, c/o Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - U. Wenger
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Bern, Sidlerstr. 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - H. Wittig
- PRISMA Cluster of Excellence, Institut für Kernphysik and Helmholtz Institute Mainz, University of Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
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Brambilla N, Eidelman S, Foka P, Gardner S, Kronfeld AS, Alford MG, Alkofer R, Butenschoen M, Cohen TD, Erdmenger J, Fabbietti L, Faber M, Goity JL, Ketzer B, Lin HW, Llanes-Estrada FJ, Meyer HB, Pakhlov P, Pallante E, Polikarpov MI, Sazdjian H, Schmitt A, Snow WM, Vairo A, Vogt R, Vuorinen A, Wittig H, Arnold P, Christakoglou P, Di Nezza P, Fodor Z, Garcia i Tormo X, Höllwieser R, Janik MA, Kalweit A, Keane D, Kiritsis E, Mischke A, Mizuk R, Odyniec G, Papadodimas K, Pich A, Pittau R, Qiu JW, Ricciardi G, Salgado CA, Schwenzer K, Stefanis NG, von Hippel GM, Zakharov VI. QCD and strongly coupled gauge theories: challenges and perspectives. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2014; 74:2981. [PMID: 25972760 PMCID: PMC4413533 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-2981-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We highlight the progress, current status, and open challenges of QCD-driven physics, in theory and in experiment. We discuss how the strong interaction is intimately connected to a broad sweep of physical problems, in settings ranging from astrophysics and cosmology to strongly coupled, complex systems in particle and condensed-matter physics, as well as to searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. We also discuss how success in describing the strong interaction impacts other fields, and, in turn, how such subjects can impact studies of the strong interaction. In the course of the work we offer a perspective on the many research streams which flow into and out of QCD, as well as a vision for future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Brambilla
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S. Eidelman
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk , 630090 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk , 630090 Russia
| | - P. Foka
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - S. Gardner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0055 USA
| | - A. S. Kronfeld
- Theoretical Physics Department, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510-5011 USA
| | - M. G. Alford
- Department of Physics, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63130 USA
| | | | - M. Butenschoen
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - T. D. Cohen
- Maryland Center for Fundamental Physics and Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-4111 USA
| | - J. Erdmenger
- Max-Planck-Institute for Physics, Föhringer Ring 6, 80805 Munich, Germany
| | - L. Fabbietti
- Excellence Cluster “Origin and Structure of the Universe”, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M. Faber
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - J. L. Goity
- Hampton University, Hampton, VA 23668 USA
- Jefferson Laboratory, Newport News, VA 23606 USA
| | - B. Ketzer
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Present Address: Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - H. W. Lin
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1560 USA
| | - F. J. Llanes-Estrada
- Department Fisica Teorica I, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - H. B. Meyer
- PRISMA Cluster of Excellence, Institut für Kernphysik and Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - P. Pakhlov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117218 Russia
- Moscow Institute for Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141700 Russia
| | - E. Pallante
- Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M. I. Polikarpov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117218 Russia
- Moscow Institute for Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141700 Russia
| | - H. Sazdjian
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - A. Schmitt
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - W. M. Snow
- Center for Exploration of Energy and Matter and Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA
| | - A. Vairo
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - R. Vogt
- Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551 USA
- Physics Department, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - A. Vuorinen
- Department of Physics and Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Finland
| | - H. Wittig
- PRISMA Cluster of Excellence, Institut für Kernphysik and Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - P. Arnold
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, 382 McCormick Rd., P.O. Box 400714, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4714 USA
| | | | - P. Di Nezza
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Via E. Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Z. Fodor
- Wuppertal University, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
- Eötvös University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - X. Garcia i Tormo
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Bern, Sidlerstraße 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - R. Höllwieser
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - M. A. Janik
- Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A. Kalweit
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D. Keane
- Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242 USA
| | - E. Kiritsis
- Crete Center for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Laboratoire APC, Université Paris Diderot, Paris Cedex 13, Sorbonne Paris-Cité , 75205 France
- Theory Group, Physics Department, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - A. Mischke
- Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R. Mizuk
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117218 Russia
- Moscow Physical Engineering Institute, Moscow, 115409 Russia
| | - G. Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - K. Papadodimas
- Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A. Pich
- IFIC, Universitat de València, CSIC, Apt. Correus 22085, 46071 València, Spain
| | - R. Pittau
- Departamento de Fisica Teorica y del Cosmos and CAFPE, Campus Fuentenueva s. n., Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - J.-W. Qiu
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
- C. N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
| | - G. Ricciardi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - C. A. Salgado
- Departamento de Fisica de Particulas y IGFAE, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - K. Schwenzer
- Department of Physics, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63130 USA
| | - N. G. Stefanis
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - G. M. von Hippel
- PRISMA Cluster of Excellence, Institut für Kernphysik and Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - V. I. Zakharov
- Max-Planck-Institute for Physics, Föhringer Ring 6, 80805 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117218 Russia
- Moscow Institute for Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141700 Russia
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova str 8, Vladivostok, 690950 Russia
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Aoki S, Aoki Y, Bernard C, Blum T, Colangelo G, Della Morte M, Dürr S, El-Khadra AX, Fukaya H, Horsley R, Jüttner A, Kaneko T, Laiho J, Lellouch L, Leutwyler H, Lubicz V, Lunghi E, Necco S, Onogi T, Pena C, Sachrajda CT, Sharpe SR, Simula S, Sommer R, Van de Water RS, Vladikas A, Wenger U, Wittig H. Review of lattice results concerning low-energy particle physics. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2014; 74:2890. [PMID: 25972762 PMCID: PMC4410391 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-2890-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We review lattice results related to pion, kaon, [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-meson physics with the aim of making them easily accessible to the particle-physics community. More specifically, we report on the determination of the light-quark masses, the form factor [Formula: see text], arising in semileptonic [Formula: see text] transition at zero momentum transfer, as well as the decay-constant ratio [Formula: see text] of decay constants and its consequences for the CKM matrix elements [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, we describe the results obtained on the lattice for some of the low-energy constants of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] Chiral Perturbation Theory and review the determination of the [Formula: see text] parameter of neutral kaon mixing. The inclusion of heavy-quark quantities significantly expands the FLAG scope with respect to the previous review. Therefore, we focus here on [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-meson decay constants, form factors, and mixing parameters, since these are most relevant for the determination of CKM matrix elements and the global CKM unitarity-triangle fit. In addition we review the status of lattice determinations of the strong coupling constant [Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S. Aoki
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
| | - Y. Aoki
- Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe (KMI), Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602 Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - C. Bernard
- Department of Physics, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO 63130 USA
| | - T. Blum
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
- Physics Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3046 USA
| | - G. Colangelo
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Institut für theoretische Physik, Universität Bern, Sidlerstr. 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - M. Della Morte
- CP3-Origins & Danish IAS, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
- IFIC (CSIC), c/ Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - S. Dürr
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
- Jülich Supercomputing Center, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A. X. El-Khadra
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - H. Fukaya
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043 Japan
| | - R. Horsley
- School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JZ UK
| | - A. Jüttner
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK
| | - T. Kaneko
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Ibaraki, 305-0801 Japan
| | - J. Laiho
- SUPA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
- Present Address: Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York USA
| | - L. Lellouch
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CPT, UMR 7332, 13288 Marseille, France
- Université de Toulon, CNRS, CPT, UMR 7332, 83957 La Garde, France
| | - H. Leutwyler
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Institut für theoretische Physik, Universität Bern, Sidlerstr. 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - V. Lubicz
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Rome, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - E. Lunghi
- Physics Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | - S. Necco
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Institut für theoretische Physik, Universität Bern, Sidlerstr. 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - T. Onogi
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043 Japan
| | - C. Pena
- Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC and Departamento de Física Teórica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - C. T. Sachrajda
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK
| | - S. R. Sharpe
- Physics Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1560 USA
| | - S. Simula
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - R. Sommer
- NIC @ DESY, Platanenallee 6, 15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | | | - A. Vladikas
- INFN, Sezione di Tor Vergata, c/o Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - U. Wenger
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Institut für theoretische Physik, Universität Bern, Sidlerstr. 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - H. Wittig
- PRISMA Cluster of Excellence, Institut für Kernphysik and Helmholtz Institute Mainz, University of Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
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