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Spahr D, Bayarjargal L, Bykova E, Bykov M, Brüning L, Kovalev V, Milman V, Wright J, Winkler B. 6-Fold-Coordinated Beryllium in Calcite-Type Be[CO 3]. Inorg Chem 2024. [PMID: 39383049 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c03681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2024]
Abstract
The anhydrous beryllium carbonate Be[CO3] with calcite-type crystal structure was obtained by a reaction of BeO with CO2 in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell at pressures between 30 GPa and 80 GPa and elevated temperatures. Its calcite-type crystal structure (R3̅c with Z = 6) is characterized by 6-fold-coordinated beryllium atoms forming [BeO6] octahedra and by trigonal-planar [CO3]2- groups. The crystal structure was determined by synchrotron-based single-crystal X-ray diffraction and confirmed by density-functional-theory-based calculations in combination with experimental Raman spectroscopy. Calcite-type Be[CO3] was synthesized at significantly lower pressures than the other very few compounds hosting 6-fold-coordinated beryllium, and it is the first beryllium carbonate with this coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Spahr
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lkhamsuren Bayarjargal
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Elena Bykova
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maxim Bykov
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lukas Brüning
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Valentin Kovalev
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Victor Milman
- Dassault Systèmes BIOVIA, 22 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Wright
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility ESRF, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Björn Winkler
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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2
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Spahr D, Bayarjargal L, Bykova E, Bykov M, Reuter TH, Brüning L, Jurzick PL, Wedek L, Milman V, Wehinger B, Winkler B. Synthesis and crystal structure of acentric anhydrous beryllium carbonate Be(CO 3). Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:10208-10211. [PMID: 39206736 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc03462g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The anhydrous alkaline earth metal carbonate Be(CO3) was synthesized in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell at moderate pressures and temperatures (20(2) GPa and 1500(200) K) by a reaction of BeO with CO2. It crystallizes in the acentric, trigonal space group P3121 with Z = 3. The crystal structure was obtained from synchrotron single crystal X-ray diffraction data and confirmed by density functional theory-based calculations in combination with Raman spectroscopy. Second harmonic generation measurements were employed to verify the acentric space group symmetry. The crystal structure of Be(CO3) is characterized by the presence of isolated [CO3]2--groups and BeO4-tetrahedra. This is a new structure type and such a topology has not been observed in carbonates before. Be(CO3) can be recovered to ambient conditions and is not undergoing a phase transition during decompression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Spahr
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Geosciences, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Lkhamsuren Bayarjargal
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Geosciences, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Elena Bykova
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Geosciences, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Maxim Bykov
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tim H Reuter
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Geosciences, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Lukas Brüning
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Pascal L Jurzick
- University of Cologne, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Lena Wedek
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Geosciences, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Victor Milman
- Dassault Systèmes BIOVIA, 334 Cambridge Science Park, CB4 0WN Cambridge, UK
| | - Björn Wehinger
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility ESRF, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Björn Winkler
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Geosciences, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
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3
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Spahr D, Bayarjargal L, Bykov M, Brüning L, Reuter TH, Milman V, Liermann HP, Winkler B. High-pressure synthesis of acentric sodium pyrocarbonate, Na 2[C 2O 5]. Dalton Trans 2023; 53:40-44. [PMID: 38054559 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03673a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The inorganic pyrocarbonate salt Na2[C2O5] crystallizes in the acentric, monoclinic space group P21 with Z = 2. It contains monovalent alkali metal cations together with isolated pyrocarbonate anions. The [C2O5]2--groups consist of two planar [CO3]2--groups which are slightly tilted with respect to each other around the bridging oxygen atom. Na2[C2O5] was synthesized in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell at 20(2) GPa by heating a mixture of Na2[CO3] + CO2 to ≈800(200) K. Its crystal structure was obtained by single crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction and confirmed by density functional theory-based calculations in combination with Raman spectroscopy. Second harmonic generation measurements verified the acentric space group symmetry. The crystal structure is characterized by alternating layers of Na+-cations and [C2O5]2--complex anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Spahr
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Geosciences, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Lkhamsuren Bayarjargal
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Geosciences, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Maxim Bykov
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
- University of Cologne, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Lukas Brüning
- University of Cologne, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Tim H Reuter
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Geosciences, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Victor Milman
- Dassault Systèmes BIOVIA, 334 Cambridge Science Park, CB4 0WN Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Björn Winkler
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Geosciences, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
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Sagatova DN, Gavryushkin PN, Sagatov NE, Banaev MV. Crystal structures and P-T phase diagrams of SrC 2 O 5 and BaC 2 O 5 . J Comput Chem 2023; 44:2453-2460. [PMID: 37610074 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present the results of a search for new stable structures of SrC2 O5 and BaC2 O5 in the pressure range of 0-100 GPa based on the density functional theory and crystal structure prediction approaches. We have shown that the recently synthesized pyrocarbonate structure SrC2 O5 - P 2 1 / c is thermodynamically stable for both SrC2 O5 and BaC2 O5 . Thus, SrC2 O5 - P 2 1 / c is stable relative to decomposition reaction above 10 GPa, while the lower-pressure stability limit for BaC2 O5 - P 2 1 / c is 5 GPa, which is the lowest value for the formation of pyrocarbonates. For SrC2 O5 , the following polymorphic transitions were found with increasing pressure: P 2 1 / c → F d d 2 at 40 GPa and 1000 K, F d d 2 → C 2 at 90 GPa and 1000 K. SrC2 O5 - F d d 2 and SrC2 O5 - C 2 are characterized by the framework and layered structures of [CO4 ]4 - tetrahedra, respectively. For BaC2 O5 , with increasing pressure, decomposition of BaC2 O5 - P 2 1 / c into BaCO3 and CO2 is observed at 34 GPa without any polymorphic transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinara N Sagatova
- Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Pavel N Gavryushkin
- Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nursultan E Sagatov
- Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maksim V Banaev
- Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Spahr D, Bayarjargal L, Haussühl E, Luchitskaia R, Friedrich A, Milman V, Fedotenko T, Winkler B. Twisted [C 2O 5] 2--groups in Ba[C 2O 5] pyrocarbonate. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:11951-11954. [PMID: 37747265 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03324d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The inorganic pyrocarbonate salt Ba[C2O5] contains twisted pyrocarbonate anions ([C2O5]2-), an atomic arrangement previously not observed in other pyrocarbonates. This unexpected additional structural degree of freedom points towards an enlarged chemical variability in this novel group of compounds. Ba[C2O5] was synthesized in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell at 30(2) GPa by heating a mixture of Ba[CO3] + CO2 to ≈ 1500(200) K. Its crystal structure was solved from single crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction data and confirmed by density functional theory-based calculations. The two planar [CO3]2--groups of the [C2O5]2--anion are strongly twisted around the bridging oxygen atom. Ba[C2O5] has been observed in the pressure range of 5-30 GPa, where its symmetry is P6/m with Z = 12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Spahr
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Geosciences, Altenhöferallee 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany.
| | - Lkhamsuren Bayarjargal
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Geosciences, Altenhöferallee 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany.
| | - Eiken Haussühl
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Geosciences, Altenhöferallee 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany.
| | - Rita Luchitskaia
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Geosciences, Altenhöferallee 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany.
| | - Alexandra Friedrich
- University of Würzburg, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Victor Milman
- Dassault Systèmes BIOVIA, 334 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0WN, UK
| | | | - Björn Winkler
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Geosciences, Altenhöferallee 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany.
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Scelta D, Ceppatelli M, Bini R, Pakhomova A, Garbarino G, Mezouar M, Santoro M. High temperature decomposition of polymeric carbon monoxide at pressures up to 120 GPa. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:084501. [PMID: 37610022 DOI: 10.1063/5.0157907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
While polymeric carbon monoxide (pCO) has been experimentally found to remain amorphous and undecomposed at room temperature up to 50 GPa, the question of whether crystalline counterparts of it can be obtained naturally raises. From different computational studies, it can be inferred that either the crystallization of amorphous pCO (a-pCO) or its decomposition into a mixture of CxOy suboxides (x > y) or carbon and CO2 may occur. In this study, we report experimental investigations of the high temperature (700-4000 K) transformation of a-pCO in the 47-120 GPa pressure range, conducted by x-ray diffraction in laser heated diamond anvil cells. Our results show the formation of no crystalline phases other than CO2 phase V, thus indicating the decomposition of the pristine a-pCO into CO2 and, likely, a mixture of amorphous CxOy suboxides and amorphous carbon hardly detectable at extreme conditions. These results support the theoretical picture of the pCO decomposition. We also show that the pressure-temperature kinetic border for this decomposition is very steep, thus indicating a strongly pressure-dependent kinetic barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetrio Scelta
- European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, LENS, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici, CNR-ICCOM, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Matteo Ceppatelli
- European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, LENS, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici, CNR-ICCOM, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Roberto Bini
- European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, LENS, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici, CNR-ICCOM, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff," Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Anna Pakhomova
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, ESRF, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Gaston Garbarino
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, ESRF, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Mohamed Mezouar
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, ESRF, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Mario Santoro
- European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, LENS, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, CNR-INO, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
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7
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Melicherová D, Martoňák R. Study of polymerization of high-pressure nitrogen by ab initio molecular dynamics. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:244503. [PMID: 37377155 DOI: 10.1063/5.0156014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We study properties of nitrogen at high pressure and temperature (100-120 GPa, 2000-3000 K) where molecular and polymeric phases compete both in solid and liquid phase. We employ ab initio MD simulations with the SCAN functional and study the pressure-induced polymerization in liquid nitrogen for system sizes up to 288 atoms in order to reduce finite-size effects. The transition is studied upon both compression and decompression, and at 3000 K, it is found to take place between 110 and 115 GPa, coming close to experimental data. We also simulate the molecular crystalline phase close to the melting line and analyze its structure. We show that the molecular crystal in this regime is highly disordered, in particular, due to pronounced orientational and also translational disorder of the molecules. Its short-range order and vibrational density of states are very close to those of the molecular liquid revealing that the system likely represents a plastic crystal with high entropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Melicherová
- Department of Experimental Physics, Comenius University, Mlynská Dolina F1, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Roman Martoňák
- Department of Experimental Physics, Comenius University, Mlynská Dolina F1, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Sagatova DN, Gavryushkin PN, Sagatov NE, Banaev MV. High-pressure transformations of CaC 2O 5 - a full structural trend from double [CO 3] triangles through the isolated group of [CO 4] tetrahedra to framework and layered structures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:23578-23586. [PMID: 36129339 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01748b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few years, the concept of carbonates, as the salts of MCO3 or composition with [CO3] triangles in the crystal structures, was sufficiently extended. In addition to carbonates, crystal structures with stoichiometry M3CO5, M2CO4 and MC2O5 were predicted and successfully synthesized. In the present study, based on density functional theory and crystal structure prediction algorithms, we found a novel structure of CaC2O5, namely Ca-pyrocarbonate with monoclinic symmetry Cc, which is one of the possible agents of the global carbon cycle. This structure is characterized by the isolated [C2O5] groups consisting of two [CO3] triangles connected through a common oxygen atom. The thermodynamic stability field of Ca-pyrocarbonate with respect to the decomposition reaction into calcium carbonate and carbon dioxide begins at a pressure of 10 GPa. As the pressure increases to 21 GPa, the structure of Ca-pyrocarbonate transforms into the recently synthesized tetragonal modification I4̄2d, in the structure of which carbon is in the sp3-hybridized state and [CO4] tetrahedra form isolated pyramidal [C4O10] anionic groups. At 59 GPa in the temperature range of 0-2500 K, CaC2O5-I4̄2d undergoes a phase transition to CaC2O5-Fdd2, with the framework structure of [CO4] tetrahedra. On further compression to about 80 GPa, the framework structure transforms into layered ones, C2 and Pc. In addition, we estimated the thermodynamic stability of CaC2O5 with respect to the minerals of the Earth's mantle. We found that CaC2O5 can coexist with bridgmanite up to pressures of 54 GPa at 300 K, where it reacts with the formation of a Ca-perovskite, magnesite, and solid CO2-V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinara N Sagatova
- Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation. .,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel N Gavryushkin
- Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation. .,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Nursultan E Sagatov
- Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation. .,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Maksim V Banaev
- Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation. .,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
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Spahr D, König J, Bayarjargal L, Luchitskaia R, Milman V, Perlov A, Liermann HP, Winkler B. Synthesis and Structure of Pb[C 2O 5]: An Inorganic Pyrocarbonate Salt. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:9855-9859. [PMID: 35730801 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized Pb[C2O5], an inorganic pyrocarbonate salt, in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell (LH-DAC) at 30 GPa by heating a Pb[CO3] + CO2 mixture to ≈2000(200) K. Inorganic pyrocarbonates contain isolated [C2O5]2- groups without functional groups attached. The [C2O5]2- groups consist of two oxygen-sharing [CO3]3- groups. Pb[C2O5] was characterized by synchrotron-based single-crystal structure refinement, Raman spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations. Pb[C2O5] is isostructural to Sr[C2O5] and crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with Z = 4. The synthesis of Pb[C2O5] demonstrates that, just like in other carbonates, cation substitution is possible and that therefore inorganic pyrocarbonates are a novel family of carbonates, in addition to the established sp2 and sp3 carbonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Spahr
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Jannes König
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Lkhamsuren Bayarjargal
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Rita Luchitskaia
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Victor Milman
- Dassault Systèmes BIOVIA, 334 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0WN, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Perlov
- Dassault Systèmes BIOVIA, 334 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0WN, United Kingdom
| | | | - Björn Winkler
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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10
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Weck G, Queyroux JA, Ninet S, Datchi F, Mezouar M, Loubeyre P. Evidence and Stability Field of fcc Superionic Water Ice Using Static Compression. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:165701. [PMID: 35522490 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.165701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Structural transformation of hot dense water ice is investigated by combining synchrotron x-ray diffraction and a laser-heating diamond anvil cell above 25 GPa. A transition from the body-centered-cubic (bcc) to face-centered-cubic (fcc) oxygen atoms sublattices is observed from 57 GPa and 1500 K to 166 GPa and 2500 K. That is the structural signature of the transition to fcc superionic (fcc SI) ice. The sign of the density discontinuity at the transition is obtained and a phase diagram is disclosed, showing an extended fcc SI stability field. Present data also constrain the stability field of the bcc superionic (bcc SI) ice up to 100 GPa at least. The current understanding of warm dense water ice based on ab initio simulations is discussed in the light of present data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Weck
- CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France
- Université Paris Saclay, Lab Matiere Condit Extremes, CEA, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France
| | | | - Sandra Ninet
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7590, IRD UMR 206, MNHN, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Datchi
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7590, IRD UMR 206, MNHN, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Mohamed Mezouar
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Boîte Postale 220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Paul Loubeyre
- CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France
- Université Paris Saclay, Lab Matiere Condit Extremes, CEA, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France
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11
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Spahr D, König J, Bayarjargal L, Milman V, Perlov A, Liermann HP, Winkler B. Sr[C 2O 5] is an Inorganic Pyrocarbonate Salt with [C 2O 5] 2- Complex Anions. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2899-2904. [PMID: 35134291 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a novel type of carbonate, namely of the inorganic pyrocarbonate salt Sr[C2O5], which contains isolated [C2O5]2--groups, significantly extends the crystal chemistry of inorganic carbonates beyond the established sp2- and sp3-carbonates. We synthesized Sr[C2O5] in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell by reacting Sr[CO3] with CO2. By single crystal synchrotron diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we show that it is a pyrocarbonate salt. Sr[C2O5] is the first member of a novel family of inorganic carbonates. We predict, based on DFT calculations, that further inorganic pyrocarbonates can be obtained and that these will be relevant to geoscience and may provide a better understanding of reactions converting CO2 into useful inorganic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Spahr
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jannes König
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lkhamsuren Bayarjargal
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Victor Milman
- Dassault Systèmes BIOVIA, 334 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0WN, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Perlov
- Dassault Systèmes BIOVIA, 334 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0WN, United Kingdom
| | | | - Björn Winkler
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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12
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Yan J, Tóth O, Xu W, Liu XD, Gregoryanz E, Dalladay-Simpson P, Qi Z, Xie S, Gorelli F, Martoňák R, Santoro M. High-Pressure Structural Evolution of Disordered Polymeric CS 2. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:7229-7235. [PMID: 34310154 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbon disulfide is an archetypal double-bonded molecule belonging to the class of group IV-group VI, AB2 compounds. It is widely believed that, upon compression to several GPa at room temperature and above, a polymeric chain of type (-(C═S)-S-)n, named Bridgman's black polymer, will form. By combining optical spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction data with ab initio simulations, we demonstrate that the structure of this polymer is different. Solid molecular CS2 polymerizes at ∼10-11 GPa. The polymer is disordered and consists of a mixture of 3-fold (C3) and 4-fold (C4) coordinated carbon atoms with some C═C double bonds. The C4/C3 ratio continuously increases upon further compression to 40 GPa. Upon decompression, structural changes are partially reverted, while the sample also undergoes partial disproportionation. Our work uncovers the nontrivial high-pressure structural evolution in one of the simplest molecular systems exhibiting molecular as well as polymeric phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ondrej Tóth
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská Dolina F2, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Wan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiao-Di Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Eugene Gregoryanz
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Physics and Astronomy and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, U.K
| | - Philip Dalladay-Simpson
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zeming Qi
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
| | - Shiyu Xie
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
| | - Federico Gorelli
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (CNR-INO) and European Laboratory for non Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), via N. Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Roman Martoňák
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská Dolina F2, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mario Santoro
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
- Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (CNR-INO) and European Laboratory for non Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), via N. Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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13
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Moog M, Pietrucci F, Saitta AM. Carbon Dioxide under Earth Mantle Conditions: From a Molecular Liquid through a Reactive Fluid to Polymeric Regimes. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:5863-5869. [PMID: 34228460 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c01026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In both its gaseous and condensed forms, carbon dioxide has an ever-increasing impact on Earth's chemistry and human life and activities. However, many aspects of its high-pressure phase diagram remain unclear. In this work, we present a complete structural characterization of carbon dioxide fluids under geological conditions using extensive ab initio molecular dynamics simulations throughout a wide pressure and temperature range, corresponding to Earth's lower mantle. We identify and describe four different disordered regimes, including two polymeric forms and two molecular ones, all within the geothermal conditions of the lower mantle. At pressures below 40 GPa, we find that the molecular liquid becomes very reactive above 2000 K: the C-O double bond routinely breaks, resulting in small and transient chains composed of CO2 units and frequently leading to an exchange of oxygen atoms between molecules. At higher pressures, in addition to the polymeric fluid previously reported at 3000 K, we find a polymeric system with glass-like behavior at lower temperatures, suggesting a complex interplay between kinetics and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Moog
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 7590, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Fabio Pietrucci
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 7590, 75252 Paris, France
| | - A Marco Saitta
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 7590, 75252 Paris, France
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14
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Scelta D, Dziubek KF, Ende M, Miletich R, Mezouar M, Garbarino G, Bini R. Extending the Stability Field of Polymeric Carbon Dioxide Phase V beyond the Earth's Geotherm. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:065701. [PMID: 33635684 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.065701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present a study on the phase stability of dense carbon dioxide (CO_{2}) at extreme pressure-temperature conditions, up to 6200 K within the pressure range 37±9 to 106±17 GPa. The investigations of high-pressure high-temperature in situ x-ray diffraction patterns recorded from laser-heated CO_{2}, as densified in diamond-anvil cells, consistently reproduced the exclusive formation of polymeric tetragonal CO_{2}-V at any condition achieved in repetitive laser-heating cycles. Using well-considered experimental arrangements, which prevent reactions with metal components of the pressure cells, annealing through laser heating was extended individually up to approximately 40 min per cycle in order to keep track of upcoming instabilities and changes with time. The results clearly exclude any decomposition of CO_{2}-V into the elements as previously suggested. Alterations of the Bragg peak distribution on Debye-Scherrer rings indicate grain coarsening at temperatures >4000 K, giving a glimpse of the possible extension of the stability of the polymeric solid phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetrio Scelta
- ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy and LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Kamil F Dziubek
- LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Martin Ende
- Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallographie, Universität Wien, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Ronald Miletich
- Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallographie, Universität Wien, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Mohamed Mezouar
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, ESRF, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Gaston Garbarino
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, ESRF, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Roberto Bini
- LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy; ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy; and Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" dell'Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
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15
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Queyroux JA, Hernandez JA, Weck G, Ninet S, Plisson T, Klotz S, Garbarino G, Guignot N, Mezouar M, Hanfland M, Itié JP, Datchi F. Melting Curve and Isostructural Solid Transition in Superionic Ice. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:195501. [PMID: 33216588 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.195501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The phase diagram and melting curve of water ice is investigated up to 45 GPa and 1600 K by synchrotron x-ray diffraction in the resistively and laser heated diamond anvil cell. Our melting data evidence a triple point at 14.6 GPa, 850 K. The latter is shown to be related to a first-order solid transition from the dynamically disordered form of ice VII, denoted ice VII^{'}, toward a high-temperature phase with the same bcc oxygen lattice but larger volume and higher entropy. Our experiments are compared to ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, enabling us to identify the high-temperature bcc phase with the predicted superionic ice VII^{''} phase [J.-A. Hernandez and R. Caracas, Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 135503 (2016).PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.117.135503].
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Affiliation(s)
- J-A Queyroux
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7590, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), DAM Ile-de-France (DIF), F-91297 Arpajon, France
| | - J-A Hernandez
- Centre for Earth Evolution and Dynamics, University of Oslo, 1028 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - G Weck
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), DAM Ile-de-France (DIF), F-91297 Arpajon, France
| | - S Ninet
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7590, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - T Plisson
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), DAM Ile-de-France (DIF), F-91297 Arpajon, France
| | - S Klotz
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7590, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - G Garbarino
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - N Guignot
- Synchrotron Soleil, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - M Mezouar
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - M Hanfland
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - J-P Itié
- Synchrotron Soleil, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - F Datchi
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7590, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
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16
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Zhang H, Tóth O, Liu XD, Bini R, Gregoryanz E, Dalladay-Simpson P, De Panfilis S, Santoro M, Gorelli FA, Martoňák R. Pressure-induced amorphization and existence of molecular and polymeric amorphous forms in dense SO 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:8736-8742. [PMID: 32245813 PMCID: PMC7183191 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1917749117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here the pressure-induced amorphization and reversible structural transformation between two amorphous forms of SO2: molecular amorphous and polymeric amorphous, with the transition found at 26 GPa over a broad temperature regime, 77 K to 300 K. The transformation was observed by both Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction in a diamond anvil cell. The results were corroborated by ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, where both forward and reverse transitions were detected, opening a window to detailed analysis of the respective local structures. The high-pressure polymeric amorphous form was found to consist mainly of disordered polymeric chains made of three-coordinated sulfur atoms connected via oxygen atoms, with few residual intact molecules. This study provides an example of polyamorphism in a system consisting of simple molecules with multiple bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Ondrej Tóth
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Xiao-Di Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China;
| | - Roberto Bini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Eugene Gregoryanz
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
- Center for High Pressure Science Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | | | - Simone De Panfilis
- Centre for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Santoro
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China;
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-INO), 50125 Florence, Italy
| | - Federico Aiace Gorelli
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China;
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-INO), 50125 Florence, Italy
| | - Roman Martoňák
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia;
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17
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Cogollo-Olivo BH, Biswas S, Scandolo S, Montoya JA. Ab initio Determination of the Phase Diagram of CO_{2} at High Pressures and Temperatures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:095701. [PMID: 32202852 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.095701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The experimental study of the CO_{2} phase diagram is hampered by strong kinetic effects leading to wide regions of metastability and to large uncertainties in the location of some phase boundaries. Here, we determine CO_{2}'s thermodynamic phase boundaries by means of ab initio calculations of the Gibbs free energy of several solid phases of CO_{2} up to 50 Gigapascals. Temperature effects are included in the quasiharmonic approximation. Contrary to previous suggestions, we find that the boundary between molecular forms and the nonmolecular phase V has, indeed, a positive slope and starts at 21.5 GPa at T=0 K. A triple point between phase IV, V, and the liquid phase is found at 35 GPa and 1600 K, indicating a broader region of stability for the nonmolecular form than previously thought. The experimentally determined boundary line between CO_{2}-II and CO_{2}-IV phases is reproduced by our calculations, indicating that kinetic effects do not play a major role in that particular transition. Our results also show that CO_{2}-III is stabilized at high temperature and its stability region coincides with the P-T conditions where phase VII has been reported experimentally; instead, phase II is the most stable molecular phase at low temperatures, extending its region of stability to every P-T condition where phase III is reported experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz H Cogollo-Olivo
- Universidad de Cartagena, Doctorado en Ciencias Físicas, 130001 Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
| | - Sananda Biswas
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sandro Scandolo
- The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Strada Costiera 11, 34151 Trieste, Italy
| | - Javier A Montoya
- Universidad de Cartagena, Instituto de Matemáticas Aplicadas, 130001 Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
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18
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Wu CJ, Young DA, Sterne PA, Myint PC. Equation of state for a chemically dissociative, polyatomic system: Carbon dioxide. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:224505. [PMID: 31837667 DOI: 10.1063/1.5128127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A notorious challenge in high-pressure science is to develop an equation of state (EOS) that explicitly treats chemical reactions. For instance, many materials tend to dissociate at high pressures and temperatures where the chemical bonds that hold them together break down. We present an EOS for carbon dioxide (CO2) that allows for dissociation and captures the key material behavior in a wide range of pressure-temperature conditions. Carbon dioxide is an ideal prototype for the development of a wide-ranging EOS that allows for chemical-dissociation equilibria since it is one of the simplest polyatomic systems and because it is of great interest in planetary science and in the study of detonations. Here, we show that taking dissociation into account significantly improves the accuracy of the resulting EOS compared to other EOSs that either neglect chemistry completely or treat CO2 dissociation in a more rudimentary way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine J Wu
- Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - David A Young
- Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - Philip A Sterne
- Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - Philip C Myint
- Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
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19
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20
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Bai J, Francisco JS, Zeng XC. Two-dimensional dry ices with rich polymorphic and polyamorphic phase behavior. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:10263-10268. [PMID: 30249649 PMCID: PMC6187129 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1809198115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Both carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) are triatomic molecules that are ubiquitous in nature, and both are among the five most abundant gases in the Earth's atmosphere. At low temperature and ambient pressure, both CO2 and H2O form molecular crystals--dry ice I and ice I h Because water possesses distinctive hydrogen bonds, it exhibits intricate and highly pressure-dependent phase behavior, including at least 17 crystalline ice phases and three amorphous ice phases. In contrast, due to its weak van der Waals intermolecular interactions, CO2 exhibits fewer crystalline phases except at extremely high pressures, where nonmolecular ordered structures arise. Herein, we show the molecular dynamics simulation results of numerous 2D polymorphs of CO2 molecules in slit nanopores. Unlike bulk polymorphs of CO2, 2D CO2 polymorphs exhibit myriad crystalline and amorphous structures, showing remarkable polymorphism and polyamorphism. We also show that depending on the thermodynamic path, 2D solid-to-solid phase transitions can give rise to previously unreported structures, e.g., wave-like amorphous CO2 structures. Our simulation also suggests intriguing structural connections between 2D and 3D dry ice phases (e.g., Cmca and PA-3) and offers insights into CO2 polyamorphic transitions through intermediate liquid or amorphous phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeil Bai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588
| | - Joseph S Francisco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588;
| | - Xiao Cheng Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588;
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China
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21
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Kim M, Ryu YJ, Lim J, Yoo CS. Transformation of molecular CO 2-III in low-density carbon to extended CO 2-V in porous diamond at high pressures and temperatures. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:314002. [PMID: 29957600 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aad02c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability to modify chemical bonding in dense heterogeneous solid mixtures by applying high pressure and temperature opens new opportunities to develop a greater number of novel materials with controlled structure, stability and exceptional physical properties. Here, we present the transformation of highly strained CO2-III (Cmca) filled in porous low-density carbons (LDC) to extended CO2-V (I-42d) encapsulated in porous diamond (Fd-3m) at high pressures and temperatures. The x-ray diffraction data indicates the density of porous diamond is about 5%-8% lower than that of bulk diamond and undergoes the structural distortion to monoclinic diamond (C2/m or M-carbon) upon pressure unloading. This result, therefore, demonstrates a feasibility to use porous LDC as nm-scale reactors to synthesize and store carbon dioxide and other high energy density extended solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseob Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Shock Physics, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States of America
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22
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Dziubek KF, Ende M, Scelta D, Bini R, Mezouar M, Garbarino G, Miletich R. Crystalline polymeric carbon dioxide stable at megabar pressures. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3148. [PMID: 30089845 PMCID: PMC6082874 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05593-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon dioxide is a widespread simple molecule in the Universe. In spite of its simplicity it has a very complex phase diagram, forming both amorphous and crystalline extended phases above 40 GPa. The stability range and nature of these phases are still debated, especially in view of their possible role within the deep carbon cycle. Here, we report static synchrotron X-ray diffraction and Raman high-pressure experiments in the megabar range providing evidence for the stability of the polymeric phase V at pressure-temperature conditions relevant to the Earth's lowermost mantle. The equation of state has been extended to 120 GPa and, contrary to earlier experimental findings, neither dissociation into diamond and ε-oxygen nor ionization was observed. Severe deviatoric stress and lattice deformation along with preferred orientation are removed on progressive annealing, thus suggesting CO2-V as the stable structure also above one megabar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil F Dziubek
- LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Martin Ende
- Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallographie, Universität Wien, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090, Wien, Austria
| | - Demetrio Scelta
- LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.,ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Roberto Bini
- LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.,ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.,Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" dell'Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Mohamed Mezouar
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Gaston Garbarino
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Ronald Miletich
- Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallographie, Universität Wien, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090, Wien, Austria
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23
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Vogel S, Baumann D, Niklaus R, Bykova E, Bykov M, Dubrovinskaia N, Dubrovinsky L, Schnick W. Stishovite's Relative: A Post-Coesite Form of Phosphorus Oxonitride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:6691-6695. [PMID: 29656431 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201803610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorus oxonitride (PON) is isoelectronic with SiO2 and may exhibit a similar broad spectrum of intriguing properties as silica. However, PON has only been sparsely investigated under high-pressure conditions and there has been no evidence on a PON polymorph with a coordination number of P greater than 4. Herein, we report a post-coesite (pc) PON polymorph exhibiting a stishovite-related structure with P in a (5+1) coordination. The pc-PON was synthesized using the multianvil technique and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, solid-state NMR spectroscopy, TEM measurements and in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction in diamond anvil cells. The structure model was verified by single-crystal X-ray diffraction at 1.8 GPa and the isothermal bulk modulus of pc-PON was determined to K0 =163(2) GPa. Moreover, an orthorhombic PON polymorph (o-PON) was observed under high-pressure conditions and corroborated as the stable modification at pressures above 17 GPa by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Vogel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Baumann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Robin Niklaus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Elena Bykova
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maxim Bykov
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut (BGI), University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Natalia Dubrovinskaia
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Leonid Dubrovinsky
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut (BGI), University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
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Vogel S, Baumann D, Niklaus R, Bykova E, Bykov M, Dubrovinskaia N, Dubrovinsky L, Schnick W. Stishovite's Relative: A Post‐Coesite Form of Phosphorus Oxonitride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201803610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Vogel
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstrasse 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Dominik Baumann
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstrasse 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Robin Niklaus
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstrasse 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Elena Bykova
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY) 22607 Hamburg Germany
| | - Maxim Bykov
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut (BGI)University of Bayreuth 95440 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Natalia Dubrovinskaia
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme ConditionsUniversity of Bayreuth 95440 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Leonid Dubrovinsky
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut (BGI)University of Bayreuth 95440 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstrasse 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
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Gimondi I, Salvalaglio M. CO2 packing polymorphism under pressure: Mechanism and thermodynamics of the I-III polymorphic transition. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:114502. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4993701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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26
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Polymeric phase V of carbon dioxide has not been recovered at ambient pressure and has a unique structure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E656-E657. [PMID: 28096370 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1619276114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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27
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Santamaria-Perez D, McGuire C, Makhluf A, Kavner A, Chuliá-Jordan R, Jorda JL, Rey F, Pellicer-Porres J, Martinez-García D, Rodriguez-Hernández P, Muñoz A. Correspondence: Strongly-driven Re+CO 2 redox reaction at high-pressure and high-temperature. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13647. [PMID: 27897171 PMCID: PMC5141295 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Santamaria-Perez
- Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences Department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 951567, USA.,MALTA-Departamento de Física Aplicada-ICMUV, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - C McGuire
- Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences Department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 951567, USA
| | - A Makhluf
- Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences Department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 951567, USA
| | - A Kavner
- Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences Department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 951567, USA
| | - R Chuliá-Jordan
- MALTA-Departamento de Física Aplicada-ICMUV, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - J L Jorda
- Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica, Universitat Politècnica de València-CSIC, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - F Rey
- Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica, Universitat Politècnica de València-CSIC, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - J Pellicer-Porres
- MALTA-Departamento de Física Aplicada-ICMUV, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - D Martinez-García
- MALTA-Departamento de Física Aplicada-ICMUV, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - P Rodriguez-Hernández
- MALTA-Departamento de Física, Instituto Univ. de Materiales y Nanotecnología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38207 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - A Muñoz
- MALTA-Departamento de Física, Instituto Univ. de Materiales y Nanotecnología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38207 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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28
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Plašienka D, Martoňák R, Tosatti E. Creating new layered structures at high pressures: SiS 2. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37694. [PMID: 27886243 PMCID: PMC5123579 DOI: 10.1038/srep37694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Old and novel layered structures are attracting increasing attention for their physical, electronic, and frictional properties. SiS2, isoelectronic to SiO2, CO2 and CS2, is a material whose phases known experimentally up to 6 GPa exhibit 1D chain-like, 2D layered and 3D tetrahedral structures. We present highly predictive ab initio calculations combined with evolutionary structure search and molecular dynamics simulations of the structural and electronic evolution of SiS2 up to 100 GPa. A highly stable CdI2-type layered structure, which is octahedrally coordinated with space group surprisingly appears between 4 and up to at least 100 GPa. The tetrahedral-octahedral switch is naturally expected upon compression, unlike the layered character realized here by edge-sharing SiS6 octahedral units connecting within but not among sheets. The predicted phase is semiconducting with an indirect band gap of about 2 eV at 10 GPa, decreasing under pressure until metallization around 40 GPa. The robustness of the layered phase suggests possible recovery at ambient pressure, where calculated phonon spectra indicate dynamical stability. Even a single monolayer is found to be dynamically stable in isolation, suggesting that it could possibly be sheared or exfoliated from bulk -SiS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušan Plašienka
- Department of Experimental Physics, Comenius University, Mlynská Dolina F2, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Roman Martoňák
- Department of Experimental Physics, Comenius University, Mlynská Dolina F2, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Erio Tosatti
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA) and CNR-IOM Democritos, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy.,The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Strada Costiera 11, 34151 Trieste, Italy
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29
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Abstract
Structural polymorphism in dense carbon dioxide (CO2) has attracted significant attention in high-pressure physics and chemistry for the past two decades. Here, we have performed high-pressure experiments and first-principles theoretical calculations to investigate the stability, structure, and dynamical properties of dense CO2 We found evidence that CO2-V with the 4-coordinated extended structure can be quenched to ambient pressure below 200 K-the melting temperature of CO2-I. CO2-V is a fully coordinated structure formed from a molecular solid at high pressure and recovered at ambient pressure. Apart from confirming the metastability of CO2-V (I-42d) at ambient pressure at low temperature, results of ab initio molecular dynamics and metadynamics (MD) simulations provided insights into the transformation processes and structural relationship from the molecular to the extended phases. In addition, the simulation also predicted a phase V'(Pna21) in the stability region of CO2-V with a diffraction pattern similar to that previously assigned to the CO2-V (P212121) structure. Both CO2-V and -V' are predicted to be recoverable and hard with a Vicker hardness of ∼20 GPa. Significantly, MD simulations found that the CO2 in phase IV exhibits large-amplitude bending motions at finite temperatures and high pressures. This finding helps to explain the discrepancy between earlier predicted static structures and experiments. MD simulations clearly indicate temperature effects are critical to understanding the high-pressure behaviors of dense CO2 structures-highlighting the significance of chemical kinetics associated with the transformations.
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30
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Pressure-induced Transformations of Dense Carbonyl Sulfide to Singly Bonded Amorphous Metallic Solid. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31594. [PMID: 27527241 PMCID: PMC4985701 DOI: 10.1038/srep31594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of pressure, internal or external, transforms molecular solids into non-molecular extended network solids with diverse crystal structures and electronic properties. These transformations can be understood in terms of pressure-induced electron delocalization; however, the governing mechanisms are complex because of strong lattice strains, phase metastability and path dependent phase behaviors. Here, we present the pressure-induced transformations of linear OCS (R3m, Phase I) to bent OCS (Cm, Phase II) at 9 GPa; an amorphous, one-dimensional (1D) polymer at 20 GPa (Phase III); and an extended 3D network above ~35 GPa (Phase IV) that metallizes at ~105 GPa. These results underscore the significance of long-range dipole interactions in dense OCS, leading to an extended molecular alloy that can be considered a chemical intermediate of its two end members, CO2 and CS2.
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Abstract
Interest in molecular crystals has grown thanks to their relevance to pharmaceuticals, organic semiconductor materials, foods, and many other applications. Electronic structure methods have become an increasingly important tool for modeling molecular crystals and polymorphism. This article reviews electronic structure techniques used to model molecular crystals, including periodic density functional theory, periodic second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory, fragment-based electronic structure methods, and diffusion Monte Carlo. It also discusses the use of these models for predicting a variety of crystal properties that are relevant to the study of polymorphism, including lattice energies, structures, crystal structure prediction, polymorphism, phase diagrams, vibrational spectroscopies, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Finally, tools for analyzing crystal structures and intermolecular interactions are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J O Beran
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Riverside, California 92521, United States
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32
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Qu B, Li D, Wang L, Wu J, Zhou R, Zhang B, Zeng XC. Mechanistic study of pressure and temperature dependent structural changes in reactive formation of silicon carbonate. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra21981g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure changes of silicon carbonate with pressure and temperature are explored based on systematic ab initio molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyan Qu
- Laboratory of amorphous materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Li
- Laboratory of amorphous materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Laboratory of amorphous materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Jili Wu
- Laboratory of amorphous materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Rulong Zhou
- Laboratory of amorphous materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Laboratory of amorphous materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Xiao Cheng Zeng
- Department of Chemistry and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln
- Lincoln
- USA
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33
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Tetrahedrally coordinated carbonates in Earth’s lower mantle. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6311. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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34
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Salamat A, Fischer RA, Briggs R, McMahon MI, Petitgirard S. In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction in the laser-heated diamond anvil cell: Melting phenomena and synthesis of new materials. Coord Chem Rev 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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35
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Santoro M, Gorelli FA, Bini R, Salamat A, Garbarino G, Levelut C, Cambon O, Haines J. Carbon enters silica forming a cristobalite-type CO2-SiO2 solid solution. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3761. [PMID: 24781844 PMCID: PMC5603768 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Extreme conditions permit unique materials to be synthesized and can significantly update our view of the periodic table. In the case of group IV elements, carbon was always considered to be distinct with respect to its heavier homologues in forming oxides. Here we report the synthesis of a crystalline CO2-SiO2 solid solution by reacting carbon dioxide and silica in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell (P = 16-22 GPa, T>4,000 K), showing that carbon enters silica. Remarkably, this material is recovered to ambient conditions. X-ray diffraction shows that the crystal adopts a densely packed α-cristobalite structure (P4(1)2(1)2) with carbon and silicon in fourfold coordination to oxygen at pressures where silica normally adopts a sixfold coordinated rutile-type stishovite structure. An average formula of C0.6(1)Si0.4(1)O2 is consistent with X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy results. These findings may modify our view on oxide chemistry, which is of great interest for materials science, as well as Earth and planetary sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Santoro
- 1] Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (INO-CNR), Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy [2] European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Federico A Gorelli
- 1] Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (INO-CNR), Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy [2] European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Roberto Bini
- 1] European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy [2] Dipartimento di Chimica dell'Università di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Ashkan Salamat
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38043 Grenoble CEDEX 9, France
| | - Gaston Garbarino
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38043 Grenoble CEDEX 9, France
| | - Claire Levelut
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, UMR 5221, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Colloïdes, Verres et Nanomatériaux (CVN), Université Montpellier 2, 34095 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France
| | - Olivier Cambon
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe C2M, Université Montpellier 2, 34095 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France
| | - Julien Haines
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe C2M, Université Montpellier 2, 34095 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France
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Abstract
We combine the USPEX evolution searching method with density functional theory using dispersion corrections (DFT-ulg) to predict the crystal structure of the NNO extended solid at high pressures (from 100 to 500 GPa). We find that the NNO nanotube (with diameter ≈ 2.5 Å) is the most stable form above 180 GPa. We report here the stability, electronic properties, and mechanical properties of this novel nanotube and show that it is stable above 20 GPa. To find a similar structure that might be stable at ambient conditions, we considered the NPO tube and show that it is stable at zero pressure. The NPO phase leads to an insulator to metal transition at 25 GPa, where the PP van der Waals distance approaches the covalent bond distance. The energy content of this NPO nanotube crystal is 10.6 kJ/g, which is 152% higher than that of TNT and 86% higher than that of the HMX energetic material. This is the first example of a structural energetic material, which could have important applications in igniters, incendiaries, screening smoke ammunition, and similar devices. This process illustrates how materials discovery in extreme conditions can be used to discover and stabilize novel structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi An
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Hai Xiao
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - William A Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Xiangying Meng
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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37
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Petitgirard S, Salamat A, Beck P, Weck G, Bouvier P. Strategies for in situ laser heating in the diamond anvil cell at an X-ray diffraction beamline. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2014; 21:89-96. [PMID: 24365921 PMCID: PMC4861204 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577513027434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
An overview of several innovations regarding in situ laser-heating techniques in the diamond anvil cell at the high-pressure beamline ID27 of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility is presented. Pyrometry measurements have been adapted to allow simultaneous double-sided temperature measurements with the installation of two additional online laser systems: a CO2 and a pulsed Nd:YAG laser system. This reiteration of laser-heating advancements at ID27 is designed to pave the way for a new generation of state-of-the-art experiments that demand the need for synchrotron diffraction techniques. Experimental examples are provided for each major development. The capabilities of the double pyrometer have been tested with the Nd:YAG continuous-wave lasers but also in a time-resolved configuration using the nanosecond-pulsed Nd:YAG laser on a Fe sample up to 180 GPa and 2900 K. The combination of time-resolved X-ray diffraction with in situ CO2 laser heating is shown with the crystallization of a high-pressure phase of the naturally found pyrite mineral MnS2 (11 GPa, 1100-1650 K).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Petitgirard
- ID27, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- Bayerisches GeoInstitut (BGI), University of Bayreuth, 95444 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Ashkan Salamat
- ID27, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- Lyman Laboratory of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Pierre Beck
- UJF-Grenoble 1/CNRS-INSU, Institut de Planetologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), 414 rue de la Piscine, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Gunnar Weck
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), DPTA, 91680 Bruyères le Châtel, France
| | - Pierre Bouvier
- Laboratoire des Materiaux et du Genie Physique, CNRS, Grenoble Institute of Technology, 3 parvis Louis Neel, F-38016 Grenoble, France
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38
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Raza Z, Pickard CJ, Pinilla C, Saitta AM. High energy density mixed polymeric phase from carbon monoxide and nitrogen. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:235501. [PMID: 24476291 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.235501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide and nitrogen are among the potentially interesting high-energy density materials. However, in spite of the physical similarities of the molecules, they behave very differently at high pressures. Using density functional theory and structural prediction methods, we examine the ability of these systems to combine their respective properties and form novel mixed crystalline phases under pressures of up to 100 GPa. Interestingly, we find that CO catalyzes the molecular dissociation of N2, which means mixed structures are favored at a relatively low pressure (below 18 GPa), and that a three-dimensional framework with Pbam symmetry becomes the most stable phase above 52 GPa, i.e., at much milder conditions than in pure solid nitrogen. This structure is dynamically stable at ambient pressure and has an energy density of approximately 2.2 kJ g(-1), making it a candidate for a high-energy density material, and one that could be achieved at less prohibitive experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zamaan Raza
- Institut de Minéralogie et de Physique des Milieux Condensés (IMPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Chris J Pickard
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Carlos Pinilla
- Institut de Minéralogie et de Physique des Milieux Condensés (IMPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - A Marco Saitta
- Institut de Minéralogie et de Physique des Milieux Condensés (IMPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France
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39
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Gohr S, Grimme S, Söhnel T, Paulus B, Schwerdtfeger P. Pressure dependent stability and structure of carbon dioxide—A density functional study including long-range corrections. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:174501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4826929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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40
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Lu C, Miao M, Ma Y. Structural evolution of carbon dioxide under high pressure. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:14167-71. [PMID: 24004352 DOI: 10.1021/ja404854x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Using an efficient structure search method based on a particle swarm optimization algorithm, we study the structural evolution of solid carbon dioxide (CO2) under high pressure. Our results show that, although it undertakes many structural transitions under pressure, CO2 is quite resistive to structures with C beyond 4-fold coordination. For the first time, we are able to identify two 6-fold structures of solid CO2 with Pbcn and Pa3 symmetries that become stable at pressures close to 1 TPa. Both structures consist of a network of C-O octahedra, showing hypervalence of the central C atoms. The C-O bond length varies from 1.30 to 1.34 Å at the 4-fold to 6-fold transition, close to the C-O distance in the transition state of a corresponding S(N)2 reaction. It has been a longstanding and challenging objective to stabilize C in a hypervalent state, particularly when it is bonded with nonmetallic elements. Most of the work so far has focused on synthesizing organic molecules with a high coordination number of C. Our results provide a good measure of the resistivity of C toward forming hypervalent compounds with nonmetallic elements and of the barrier of reaction involving C-O bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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41
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Abstract
Amorphous silicon oxycarbide polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs), synthesized from organometallic precursors, contain carbon- and silica-rich nanodomains, the latter with extensive substitution of carbon for oxygen, linking Si-centered SiO(x)C(4-x) tetrahedra. Calorimetric studies demonstrated these PDCs to be thermodynamically more stable than a mixture of SiO2, C, and silicon carbide. Here, we show by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy that substitution of C for O is also attained in PDCs with depolymerized silica-rich domains containing lithium, associated with SiO(x)C(4-x) tetrahedra with nonbridging oxygen. We suggest that significant (several percent) substitution of C for O could occur in more complex geological silicate melts/glasses in contact with graphite at moderate pressure and high temperature and may be thermodynamically far more accessible than C for Si substitution. Carbon incorporation will change the local structure and may affect physical properties, such as viscosity. Analogous carbon substitution at grain boundaries, at defect sites, or as equilibrium states in nominally acarbonaceous crystalline silicates, even if present at levels at 10-100 ppm, might form an extensive and hitherto hidden reservoir of carbon in the lower crust and mantle.
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42
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Yoo CS. Physical and chemical transformations of highly compressed carbon dioxide at bond energies. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:7949-66. [PMID: 23615853 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp50761k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide exhibits a richness of high-pressure polymorphs with a great diversity in intermolecular interaction, chemical bonding, and crystal structures. It ranges from typical molecular solids to fully extended covalent solids with crystal structures similar to those of SiO2. These extended solids of carbon dioxide are fundamentally new materials exhibiting interesting optical nonlinearity, low compressibility and high energy density. Furthermore, the large disparity in chemical bonding between the extended network and molecular structures results in a broad metastability domain for these phases to room temperature and almost to ambient pressure and thereby offers enhanced opportunities for novel materials developments. Broadly speaking, these molecular-to-non-molecular transitions occur due to electron delocalization manifested as a rapid increase in electron kinetic energy at high density. The detailed mechanisms, however, are more complex with phase metastabilities, path-dependent phases and phase boundaries, and large lattice strains and structural distortions - all of which are controlled by well beyond thermodynamic constraints to chemical kinetics associated with the governing phases and transitions. As a result, the equilibrium phase boundary is difficult to locate precisely (experimentally or theoretically) and is often obscured by the presence of metastable phases (ordered or disordered). This paper will review the pressure-induced transformations observed in highly compressed carbon dioxide and present chemistry perspectives on those molecular-to-non-molecular transformations that can be applied to other low-Z molecular solids at Mbar pressures where the compression energy rivals the chemical bond energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choong-Shik Yoo
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Shock Physics, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA.
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43
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Formation of the -N(NO)N(NO)- polymer at high pressure and stabilization at ambient conditions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:5321-5. [PMID: 23503849 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1222890110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of exotic structures have been formed through high-pressure chemistry, but applications have been hindered by difficulties in recovering the high-pressure phase to ambient conditions (i.e., one atmosphere and 300 K). Here we use dispersion-corrected density functional theory [PBE-ulg (Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof flavor of DFT with the universal low gradient correction for long range London dispersion)] to predict that above 60 gigapascal (GPa) the most stable form of N2O (the laughing gas in its molecular form) is a one-dimensional polymer with an all-nitrogen backbone analogous to cis-polyacetylene in which alternate N are bonded (ionic covalent) to O. The analogous trans-polymer is only 0.03∼0.10 eV/molecular unit less stable. Upon relaxation to ambient conditions, both polymers relax below 14 GPa to the same stable nonplanar trans-polymer. The predicted phonon spectrum and dissociation kinetics validates the stability of this trans-poly-NNO at ambient conditions, which has potential applications as a type of conducting nonlinear optical polymer with all-nitrogen chains and as a high-energy oxidizer for rocket propulsion. This work illustrates in silico materials discovery particularly in the realm of extreme conditions (very high pressure or temperature).
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Mallick B, Ninet S, Le Marchand G, Munsch P, Datchi F. CO2-helium and CO2-neon mixtures at high pressures. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:044505. [PMID: 23387603 DOI: 10.1063/1.4788621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The properties of mixtures of carbon dioxide with helium or neon have been investigated as a function of CO(2) concentration and pressure up to 30 GPa at room temperature. The binary phase diagrams of these mixtures are determined over the full range of CO(2) concentrations using visual observations and Raman scattering measurements. Both diagrams are of eutectic type, with a fluid-fluid miscibility gap for CO(2) concentrations in the range [5, 75] mol. % for He and [8, 55] mol. % for Ne, and a complete separation between the two components in the solid phase. The absence of alloys or stoichiometric compounds for these two binary systems is consistent with the Hume-Rothery rules of hard sphere mixtures. The Raman spectra and x-ray diffraction patterns of solid CO(2) embedded in He or Ne for various initial concentrations have been measured up to 30 GPa and 12 GPa, respectively. The frequencies of the Raman modes and the volume of solid phase I are identical, within error bars, to those reported for 100% CO(2) samples, thus confirming the total immiscibility of CO(2) with He and Ne in the solid phase. These results demonstrate the possibility to perform high-pressure experiments on solid CO(2) under (quasi-)hydrostatic conditions using He or Ne as pressure transmitting medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Mallick
- Université P.&M. Curie-Paris 6, CNRS, UMR 7590, IMPMC, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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Abstract
We present ab initio calculations of the phase diagram of liquid CO(2) and its melting curve over a wide range of pressure and temperature conditions, including those relevant to the Earth. Several distinct liquid phases are predicted up to 200 GPa and 10,000 K based on their structural and electronic characteristics. We provide evidence for a first-order liquid-liquid phase transition with a critical point near 48 GPa and 3,200 K that intersects the mantle geotherm; a liquid-liquid-solid triple point is predicted near 45 GPa and 1,850 K. Unlike known first-order transitions between thermodynamically stable liquids, the coexistence of molecular and polymeric CO(2) phases predicted here is not accompanied by metallization. The absence of an electrical anomaly would be unique among known liquid-liquid transitions. Furthermore, the previously suggested phase separation of CO(2) into its constituent elements at lower mantle conditions is examined by evaluating their Gibbs free energies. We find that liquid CO(2) does not decompose into carbon and oxygen up to at least 200 GPa and 10,000 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Boates
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550; and
- Department of Physics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 3J5
| | | | - Stanimir A. Bonev
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550; and
- Department of Physics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 3J5
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Ledyastuti M, Liang Y, Miranda CR, Matsuoka T. Comparison of thermodynamic stabilities and mechanical properties of CO2, SiO2, and GeO2 polymorphs by first-principles calculations. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:034703. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4735077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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