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Implications of W-Boson Mass Anomaly for Atomic Parity Violation. ATOMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atoms10040149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We consider the implications of the recent measurement of the W-boson mass MW=80,433.5±9.4MeV/c2 for atomic parity violation experiments. We show that the change in MW shifts the Standard Model prediction for the 133Cs nuclear weak charge to QW(133Cs)=−73.11(1), i.e., by 8.5σ from its current value, and the proton weak charge by 2.7%. The shift in QW(133Cs) ameliorates the tension between existing determinations of its value and motivates more accurate atomic theory calculations, while the shift in QW(p) inspires next-generation atomic parity violation experiments with hydrogen. Using our revised value for QW(133Cs), we also readjust constraints on parameters of physics beyond the Standard Model. Finally, we reexamine the running of the electroweak coupling for the new W boson mass.
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Du Y, Freitas A, Patel HH, Ramsey-Musolf MJ. Parity-Violating Møller Scattering at Next-to-Next-to-Leading Order: Closed Fermion Loops. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:131801. [PMID: 33861126 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.131801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A complete, gauge-invariant computation of two-loop virtual corrections involving closed fermion loops to the polarized Møller scattering asymmetry is presented. The set of contributions involving two closed fermion loops and the set involving one closed fermion loop are numerically similar in magnitude to the one-loop bosonic corrections and yield an overall correction of 1.3% relative to the tree level asymmetry. We estimate sizes of the remaining two-loop contributions and discuss implications for the upcoming MOLLER (Measurement of a Lepton-Lepton Electroweak Reaction) experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Du
- Amherst Center for Fundamental Interactions, Physics Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003 USA
| | - Ayres Freitas
- Pittsburgh Particle Physics Astrophysics and Cosmology Center (PITT-PACC), Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - Hiren H Patel
- Department of Physics and Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - Michael J Ramsey-Musolf
- Amherst Center for Fundamental Interactions, Physics Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003 USA
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Kellogg Radiation Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125 USA
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Toh G, Damitz A, Tanner CE, Johnson WR, Elliott DS. Determination of the Scalar and Vector Polarizabilities of the Cesium 6s^{2}S_{1/2}→7s^{2}S_{1/2} Transition and Implications for Atomic Parity Nonconservation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:073002. [PMID: 31491130 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.073002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Using recent high-precision measurements of electric dipole matrix elements of atomic cesium, we make an improved determination of the scalar (α) and vector (β) polarizabilities of the cesium 6s^{2}S_{1/2}→7s^{2}S_{1/2} transition calculated through a sum-over-states method. We report values of α=-268.82(30)a_{0}^{3} and β=27.139(42)a_{0}^{3} with the highest precision to date. We find a discrepancy between our value of β and the past preferred value, resulting in a significant shift in the value of the weak charge Q_{w} of the cesium nucleus. Future work to resolve the differences in the polarizability will be critical for interpretation of parity nonconservation measurements in cesium, which have implications for physics beyond the standard model.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Toh
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Amy Damitz
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Carol E Tanner
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - W R Johnson
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - D S Elliott
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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Kim M, Lee HS, Park M, Zhang M. Examining the origin of dark matter mass at colliders. Int J Clin Exp Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.98.055027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Dzuba VA, Flambaum VV, Stadnik YV. Probing Low-Mass Vector Bosons with Parity Nonconservation and Nuclear Anapole Moment Measurements in Atoms and Molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:223201. [PMID: 29286801 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.223201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the presence of P-violating interactions, the exchange of vector bosons between electrons and nucleons induces parity-nonconserving (PNC) effects in atoms and molecules, while the exchange of vector bosons between nucleons induces anapole moments of nuclei. We perform calculations of such vector-mediated PNC effects in Cs, Ba^{+}, Yb, Tl, Fr, and Ra^{+} using the same relativistic many-body approaches as in earlier calculations of standard-model PNC effects, but with the long-range operator of the weak interaction. We calculate nuclear anapole moments due to vector-boson exchange using a simple nuclear model. From measured and predicted (within the standard model) values for the PNC amplitudes in Cs, Yb, and Tl, as well as the nuclear anapole moment of ^{133}Cs, we constrain the P-violating vector-pseudovector nucleon-electron and nucleon-proton interactions mediated by a generic vector boson of arbitrary mass. Our limits improve on existing bounds from other experiments by many orders of magnitude over a very large range of vector-boson masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Dzuba
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - V V Flambaum
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
- Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Y V Stadnik
- Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Krasznahorkay AJ, Csatlós M, Csige L, Gácsi Z, Gulyás J, Hunyadi M, Kuti I, Nyakó BM, Stuhl L, Timár J, Tornyi TG, Vajta Z, Ketel TJ, Krasznahorkay A. Observation of Anomalous Internal Pair Creation in ^{8}Be: A Possible Indication of a Light, Neutral Boson. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:042501. [PMID: 26871324 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.042501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Electron-positron angular correlations were measured for the isovector magnetic dipole 17.6 MeV (J^{π}=1^{+}, T=1) state→ground state (J^{π}=0^{+}, T=0) and the isoscalar magnetic dipole 18.15 MeV (J^{π}=1^{+}, T=0) state→ground state transitions in ^{8}Be. Significant enhancement relative to the internal pair creation was observed at large angles in the angular correlation for the isoscalar transition with a confidence level of >5σ. This observation could possibly be due to nuclear reaction interference effects or might indicate that, in an intermediate step, a neutral isoscalar particle with a mass of 16.70±0.35(stat)±0.5(syst) MeV/c^{2} and J^{π}=1^{+} was created.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Krasznahorkay
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA Atomki), P.O. Box 51, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - M Csatlós
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA Atomki), P.O. Box 51, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - L Csige
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA Atomki), P.O. Box 51, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Z Gácsi
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA Atomki), P.O. Box 51, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - J Gulyás
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA Atomki), P.O. Box 51, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - M Hunyadi
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA Atomki), P.O. Box 51, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - I Kuti
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA Atomki), P.O. Box 51, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - B M Nyakó
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA Atomki), P.O. Box 51, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - L Stuhl
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA Atomki), P.O. Box 51, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - J Timár
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA Atomki), P.O. Box 51, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - T G Tornyi
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA Atomki), P.O. Box 51, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zs Vajta
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA Atomki), P.O. Box 51, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - T J Ketel
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Science Park 105, 1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A Krasznahorkay
- CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland and Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA Atomki), P.O. Box 51, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
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Davoudiasl H. Nucleon decay into a dark sector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 114:051802. [PMID: 25699434 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.051802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A sub-GeV dark sector fermion X can have baryon-number-violating interactions induced by high-scale physics, leading to nucleon decay into X+meson and neutron→X+photon. Such processes can mimic standard search modes containing a neutrino, but have different kinematics and may have escaped detection. If a dark force mediated by a light vector Z(d) acts on X, depending on parameters, neutron→X+Z(d) can be important. In typical scenarios, Z(d) decays into ℓ(+)ℓ(-), where ℓ=e,μ, with an order unity branching fraction. Nucleon decay searches can potentially uncover new dark states that are otherwise inaccessible, due to their negligible coupling to ordinary matter or cosmological abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooman Davoudiasl
- Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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Davoudiasl H, Lee HS, Lewis I, Marciano WJ. Higgs decays as a window into the dark sector. Int J Clin Exp Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.88.015022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Aubin S, Behr JA, Collister R, Flambaum VV, Gomez E, Gwinner G, Jackson KP, Melconian D, Orozco LA, Pearson MR, Sheng D, Sprouse GD, Tandecki M, Zhang J, Zhao Y. Atomic parity non-conservation: the francium anapole project of the FrPNC collaboration at TRIUMF. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10751-013-0797-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kanemitsu S, Tobe K. New physics for muon anomalous magnetic moment and its electroweak precision analysis. Int J Clin Exp Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.86.095025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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