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Pérez Ramírez L, Gallet JJ, Bournel F, Lim F, Carniato S, Rochet F, Yazyev OV, Pasquarello A, Magnano E, Bondino F. Hydrogen Bonding of Ammonia with (H,OH)-Si(001) Revealed by Experimental and Ab Initio Photoelectron Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:5378-5388. [PMID: 32491866 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c03458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Combining experimental and ab initio core-level photoelectron spectroscopy (periodic DFT and quantum chemistry calculations), we elucidated how ammonia molecules bond to the hydroxyls of the (H,OH)-Si(001) model surface at a temperature of 130 K. Indeed, theory evaluated the magnitude and direction of the N 1s (and O 1s) chemical shifts according to the nature (acceptor or donor) of the hydrogen bond and, when confronted to experiment, showed unambiguously that the probe molecule makes one acceptor and one donor bond with a pair of hydroxyls. The consistency of our approach was proved by the fact that the identified adsorption geometries are precisely those that have the largest binding strength to the surface, as calculated by periodic DFT. Real-time core-level photoemission enabled measurement of the adsorption kinetics of H-bonded ammonia and its maximum coverage (0.37 ML) under 1.5 × 10-9 mbar. Experimental desorption free energies were compared to the magnitude of the adsorption energies provided by periodic DFT calculations. Minority species were also detected on the surface. As in the case of H-bonded ammonia, DFT core-level calculations were instrumental to attribute these minority species to datively bonded ammonia molecules, associated with isolated dangling bonds remaining on the surface, and to dissociated ammonia molecules, resulting largely from beam damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Pérez Ramírez
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique matière et Rayonnement, UMR 7614, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Gallet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique matière et Rayonnement, UMR 7614, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France.,Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 4891192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Fabrice Bournel
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique matière et Rayonnement, UMR 7614, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France.,Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 4891192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Florence Lim
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique matière et Rayonnement, UMR 7614, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Carniato
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique matière et Rayonnement, UMR 7614, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - François Rochet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique matière et Rayonnement, UMR 7614, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Oleg V Yazyev
- Chaire de Simulation à l'Echelle Atomique (CSEA), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alfredo Pasquarello
- Chaire de Simulation à l'Echelle Atomique (CSEA), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elena Magnano
- IOM-CNR, Laboratorio TASC, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy.,Department of Physics, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, 2006 Auckland Park, South Africa
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Ryu SW, Yoon J, Moon HS, Shong B, Kim H, Lee HBR. Atomic layer deposition of 1D and 2D nickel nanostructures on graphite. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 28:115301. [PMID: 28106007 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa5aec] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) nanowires (NWs) and two-dimensional (2D) thin films of Ni were deposited on highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) by atomic layer deposition (ALD), using NH3 as a counter reactant. Thermal ALD using NH3 gas forms 1D NWs along step edges, while NH3 plasma enables the deposition of a continuous 2D film over the whole surface. The lateral and vertical growth rates of the Ni NWs are numerically modeled as a function of the number of ALD cycles. Pretreatment with NH3 gas promotes selectivity in deposition by the reduction of oxygenated functionalities on the HOPG surface. On the other hand, NH3 plasma pretreatment generates surface nitrogen species, and results in a morphological change in the basal plane of graphite, leading to active nucleation across the surface during ALD. The effects of surface nitrogen species on the nucleation of ALD Ni were theoretically studied by density functional theory calculations. Our results suggest that the properties of Ni NWs, such as their density and width, and the formation of Ni thin films on carbon surfaces can be controlled by appropriate use of NH3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Wook Ryu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States of America
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Naitabdi A, Rochet F, Carniato S, Bournel F, Gallet JJ. Room temperature differential conductance measurements of triethylamine molecules adsorbed on Si(001). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:23231-7. [PMID: 27499070 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04350j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We have measured the differential conductance of the triethylamine molecule (N(CH2CH3)3) adsorbed on Si(001)-2 × 1 at room temperature using scanning tunneling spectroscopy. Triethylamine can be engaged in a dative bonding with a silicon dimer, forming a Si-Si-N(CH2CH3)3 unit. We have examined the datively bonded adduct, either as an isolated molecule, or within an ordered molecular domain (reconstructed 4 × 2). The differential conductance curves, supported by DFT calculations, show that in the explored energy window (±2.5 near the Fermi level) the main features stem from the uncapped dangling bonds of the reacted dimer and of the adjacent unreacted ones that are electronically coupled The formation of a molecular domain, in which one dimer in two is left unreacted, is reflected in a shift of the up dimer atom occupied level away from the Fermi level, likely due to an increased π-bonding strength. In stark contrast with the preceding, pairs of dissociated molecule (a minority species) are electronically decoupled from the dimer dangling bond states. DFT calculation show that the lone-pair of the Si-N(CH2CH3)2 is a shallow level, that is clearly seen in the differential conductance curve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Naitabdi
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 6, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Matière et Rayonnement, UMR 7614, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - François Rochet
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 6, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Matière et Rayonnement, UMR 7614, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France. and CNRS, LCPMR, UMR 7614, 11, rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Carniato
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 6, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Matière et Rayonnement, UMR 7614, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France. and CNRS, LCPMR, UMR 7614, 11, rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Fabrice Bournel
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 6, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Matière et Rayonnement, UMR 7614, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France. and CNRS, LCPMR, UMR 7614, 11, rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Gallet
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 6, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Matière et Rayonnement, UMR 7614, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France. and CNRS, LCPMR, UMR 7614, 11, rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005, Paris, France
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