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He PL, Hatsagortsyan KZ, Keitel CH. Double-Slit Interference in the Ion Dynamics of Dissociative Photoionization. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:013201. [PMID: 37478442 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.013201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
The ion momentum distribution in the x-ray-induced dissociative photoionization of molecules is investigated, treating the ionization analytically under the Born-Oppenheimer approximation and simulating numerically the ion motion via the Schrödinger equation. The ion-photoelectron entanglement transfers information of the electronic interference to the ion dynamics. As a consequence, the ion momentum distributions of dissociative molecular photoionization present Young's double-slit interference when the photoelectron emission angle is fixed. We demonstrate that double-slit interference signatures persist in the ion longitudinal momentum shift even when the information of the correlated photoelectron is lost, which is the case for heteronuclear molecules when an additional photoelectron recoil momentum arises due to the different ion masses. For the case of sequential double ionization, we show that double-slit interference in the ion dynamics can be utilized for coherent control of the molecular dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Lun He
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Christoph H Keitel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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2
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Zhou L, Hu X, Peng Y, Qiang J, Lu P, Lin K, Pan S, Gong X, Jiang W, Jiang Z, Lu C, Ni H, Jin C, Lu R, Wu Y, Wang J, Wu J. Enhancing Strong-Field Dissociation of H_{2}^{+} in Helium Nanodroplets. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:033201. [PMID: 36763404 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.033201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the above-threshold multiphoton ionization of H_{2} embedded in superfluid He nanodroplets driven by ultraviolet femtosecond laser pulses. We find that the surrounding He atoms enhance the dissociation of in-droplet H_{2}^{+} from lower vibrational states as compared to that of isolated gas-phase molecules. As a result, the discrete peaks in the photoelectron energy spectrum correlated with the HHe^{+} from the dissociative in-droplet molecule shift to higher energies. Based on the electron-nuclear correlation, the photoelectrons with higher energies are correlated to the nuclei of the low-vibrationally excited molecular ion as the nuclei share less photon energy. Our time-dependent nuclear wave packet quantum simulation using a simplified He-H_{2}^{+} system confirms the joint contribution of the driving laser field and the neighboring He atoms to the dissociation dynamics of the solute molecular ion. The results strengthen our understanding of the role of the environment on light-induced ultrafast dynamics of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianrong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Yigeng Peng
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Junjie Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Peifen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Kang Lin
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Shengzhe Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaochun Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wenyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhejun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chenxu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Hongcheng Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Cheng Jin
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Ruifeng Lu
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
- HEDPS, Center of Applied Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Jian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University, Chongqing 401121, China
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3
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Liu H, Li Y, Feng L. The isotopic dependence and influence of driving laser intensity on the harmonic yields of diatomic molecule ions X2+. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.136965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4
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Ji Q, Pan S, He P, Wang J, Lu P, Li H, Gong X, Lin K, Zhang W, Ma J, Li H, Duan C, Liu P, Bai Y, Li R, He F, Wu J. Timing Dissociative Ionization of H_{2} Using a Polarization-Skewed Femtosecond Laser Pulse. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:233202. [PMID: 31868470 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.233202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally observe the bond stretching time of one-photon and net-two-photon dissociation pathways of singly ionized H_{2} molecules driven by a polarization-skewed femtosecond laser pulse. By measuring the angular distributions of the ejected photoelectron and nuclear fragments in coincidence, the cycle-changing polarization of the laser field enables us to clock the photon-ionization starting time and photon-dissociation stopping time, analogous to a stopwatch. After the single ionization of H_{2}, our results show that the produced H_{2}^{+} takes almost the same time in the one-photon and net-two-photon dissociation pathways to stretch to the internuclear distance of the one-photon coupled dipole-transition between the ground and excited electronic states. The spatiotemporal mapping character of the polarization-skewed laser field provides us a straightforward route to clock the ultrafast dynamics of molecules with sub-optical-cycle time resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinying Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Shengzhe Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Peilun He
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and School of Physics and Astronomy, Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Junping Wang
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and School of Physics and Astronomy, Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Peifen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xiaochun Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Kang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Junyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Hanxiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Chungang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Ya Bai
- State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Ruxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Feng He
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and School of Physics and Astronomy, Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
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5
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Zhang W, Gong X, Li H, Lu P, Sun F, Ji Q, Lin K, Ma J, Li H, Qiang J, He F, Wu J. Electron-nuclear correlated multiphoton-route to Rydberg fragments of molecules. Nat Commun 2019; 10:757. [PMID: 30765696 PMCID: PMC6375988 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08700-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Atoms and molecules exposed to strong laser fields can be excited to the Rydberg states with very high principal quantum numbers and large orbitals. It allows acceleration of neutral particles, generate near-threshold harmonics, and reveal multiphoton Rabi oscillations and rich photoelectron spectra. However, the physical mechanism of Rydberg state excitation in strong laser fields is yet a puzzle. Here, we identify the electron-nuclear correlated multiphoton excitation as the general mechanism by coincidently measuring all charged and neutral fragments ejected from a H2 molecule. Ruled by the ac-Stark effect, the internuclear separation for resonant multiphoton excitation varies with the laser intensity. It alters the photon energy partition between the ejected electrons and nuclei and thus leads to distinct kinetic energy spectra of the nuclear fragments. The electron-nuclear correlation offers an alternative visual angle to capture rich ultrafast processes of complex molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaochun Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Peifen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenghao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinying Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Kang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanxiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng He
- Key Laboratory for laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and School of Physics and Astronomy, Collaborative innovation center for IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, 030006, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
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6
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Abstract
Above-threshold ionization of atoms in strong laser fields is extensively studied for its overwhelming importance and universality. However, its counterpart, above-threshold dissociation of molecules in strong laser fields, is hard to be observed, although it has been predicted for decades. In this paper, by measuring the momenta of photoelectron and dissociative fragments coincidently, we successfully obtained distinct nuclear energy peaks of the high-order above-threshold dissociation, which must appear simultaneously with the above-threshold ionization. The coexistence of high-order above-threshold dissociation and high-order above-threshold ionization in molecular dissociative ionization offers a perspective to disentangle the complex electron–nuclear correlation in molecules and to image the molecular orbitals, and so on. Electrons bound to atoms or molecules can simultaneously absorb multiple photons via the above-threshold ionization featured with discrete peaks in the photoelectron spectrum on account of the quantized nature of the light energy. Analogously, the above-threshold dissociation of molecules has been proposed to address the multiple-photon energy deposition in the nuclei of molecules. In this case, nuclear energy spectra consisting of photon-energy spaced peaks exceeding the binding energy of the molecular bond are predicted. Although the observation of such phenomena is difficult, this scenario is nevertheless logical and is based on the fundamental laws. Here, we report conclusive experimental observation of high-order above-threshold dissociation of H2 in strong laser fields where the tunneling-ionized electron transfers the absorbed multiphoton energy, which is above the ionization threshold to the nuclei via the field-driven inelastic rescattering. Our results provide an unambiguous evidence that the electron and nuclei of a molecule as a whole absorb multiple photons, and thus above-threshold ionization and above-threshold dissociation must appear simultaneously, which is the cornerstone of the nowadays strong-field molecular physics.
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8
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Feng
- Laboratory of Modern Physics, College of Science, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Laboratory of Modern Physics, College of Science, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China
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9
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Liu H, Li W, Feng L. Chirp control of multi-photon resonance ionization and charge-resonance enhanced ionization on molecular harmonic generation. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Wang Z, Li M, Zhou Y, Lan P, Lu P. Correlated electron-nuclear dynamics in above-threshold multiphoton ionization of asymmetric molecule. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42585. [PMID: 28218294 PMCID: PMC5316950 DOI: 10.1038/srep42585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The partition of the photon energy into the subsystems of molecules determines many photon-induced chemical and physical dynamics in laser-molecule interactions. The electron-nuclear energy sharing from multiphoton ionization of molecules has been used to uncover the correlated dynamics of the electron and fragments. However, most previous studies focus on symmetric molecules. Here we study the electron-nuclear energy sharing in strong-field photoionization of HeH2+ by solving the one-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE). Compared with symmetric molecules, the joint electron-nuclear energy spectrum (JES) of HeH2+ reveals an anomalous energy shift at certain nuclear energies, while it disappears at higher and lower nuclear energies. Through tracing the time evolution of the wavepacket of bound states, we identify that this energy shift originates from the joint effect of the Stark shift, associated with the permanent dipole, and the Autler-Townes effect due to the coupling of the 2pσ and 2sσ states in strong fields. The energy shift in the JES appears at certain nuclear distances only when both Stark effect and Autler-Townes effect play important roles. We further demonstrate that the electron-nuclei energy sharing can be controlled by varying laser intensity for asymmetric molecules, providing alternative approaches to manipulate photochemical reactions for more complex molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- School of Physics and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Physics and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yueming Zhou
- School of Physics and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Pengfei Lan
- School of Physics and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Peixiang Lu
- School of Physics and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
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11
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Tóth A, Borbély S, Kiss GZ, Halász GJ, Vibók Á. Toward the Full Quantum Dynamical Description of Photon Induced Processes in D 2. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:9411-9421. [PMID: 27934332 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b09623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The dissociative ionization (multiphoton regime) of the D2+ ion by ultrashort laser pulses has been studied theoretically using ab initio calculations. The combined ionization and dissociation spectrum was explored for fixed molecular axis orientations. In accordance with previous investigations, the dominant features in the obtained joint energy spectrum were multiphoton peaks. In addition to this, in the present work, photoelectron angular distributions were analyzed as well. By performing a partial wave analysis for each multiphoton peak, we have identified the number of absorbed photons. Moreover, we also found that the angular distribution can significantly change inside a multiphoton peak as a function of electron and nuclear kinetic energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tóth
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Debrecen , PO Box 5, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - S Borbély
- Faculty of Physics, Babeş-Bolyai University , Kogălniceanu Street 1, 400084 Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - G Zs Kiss
- Faculty of Physics, Babeş-Bolyai University , Kogălniceanu Street 1, 400084 Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - G J Halász
- Department of Information Technology, University of Debrecen , PO Box 12, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Á Vibók
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Debrecen , PO Box 5, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary.,ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd , Dugonics tér 13, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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12
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Even harmonic generation in isotropic media of dissociating homonuclear molecules. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32653. [PMID: 27596609 PMCID: PMC5011695 DOI: 10.1038/srep32653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Isotropic gases irradiated by long pulses of intense IR light can generate very high harmonics of the incident field. It is generally accepted that, due to the symmetry of the generating medium, be it an atomic or an isotropic molecular gas, only odd harmonics of the driving field can be produced. Here we show how the interplay of electronic and nuclear dynamics can lead to a marked breakdown of this standard picture: a substantial part of the harmonic spectrum can consist of even rather than odd harmonics. We demonstrate the effect using ab-initio solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for and its isotopes in full dimensionality. By means of a simple analytical model, we identify its physical origin, which is the appearance of a permanent dipole moment in dissociating homonuclear molecules, caused by light-induced localization of the electric charge during dissociation. The effect arises for sufficiently long laser pulses and the region of the spectrum where even harmonics are produced is controlled by pulse duration. Our results (i) show how the interplay of femtosecond nuclear and attosecond electronic dynamics, which affects the charge flow inside the dissociating molecule, is reflected in the nonlinear response, and (ii) force one to augment standard selection rules found in nonlinear optics textbooks by considering light-induced modifications of the medium during the generation process.
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13
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Zhang W, Li Z, Lu P, Gong X, Song Q, Ji Q, Lin K, Ma J, He F, Zeng H, Wu J. Photon Energy Deposition in Strong-Field Single Ionization of Multielectron Molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:103002. [PMID: 27636472 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.103002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Molecules exposed to strong laser fields may coherently absorb multiple photons and deposit the energy into electrons and nuclei, triggering the succeeding dynamics as the primary stage of the light-molecule interaction. We experimentally explore the electron-nuclear sharing of the absorbed photon energy in above-threshold multiphoton single ionization of multielectron molecules. Using CO as a prototype, vibrational and orbital resolved electron-nuclear sharing of the photon energy is observed. Different from the simplest one- or two-electron systems, the participation of the multiple orbitals and the coupling of various electronic states in the strong-field ionization and dissociation processes alter the photon energy deposition dynamics of the multielectron molecule. The population of numerous vibrational states of the molecular cation as the energy reservoir in the ionization process plays an important role in photon energy sharing between the emitted electron and the nuclear fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zhichao Li
- Key Laboratory of Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Collaborative Innovation Center for IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Peifen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xiaochun Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Qiying Song
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Qinying Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Kang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Junyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Feng He
- Key Laboratory of Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Collaborative Innovation Center for IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Heping Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
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14
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Warrick ER, Cao W, Neumark DM, Leone SR. Probing the Dynamics of Rydberg and Valence States of Molecular Nitrogen with Attosecond Transient Absorption Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:3165-74. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b11570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erika R. Warrick
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Wei Cao
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Daniel M. Neumark
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stephen R. Leone
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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15
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Paramonov GK, Kühn O, Bandrauk AD. Shaped Post-Field Electronic Oscillations in H2+ Excited by Two-Cycle Laser Pulses: Three-Dimensional Non-Born–Oppenheimer Simulations. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:3175-85. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b11599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guennaddi K. Paramonov
- Institut
für Physik, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 23-24, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
- Institut
für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Strasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - O. Kühn
- Institut
für Physik, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 23-24, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - André D. Bandrauk
- Laboratorie
de Chimie Théorique, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1K 2R1
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16
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17
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Yue L, Madsen LB. Characterization of Molecular Breakup by Very Intense Femtosecond XUV Laser Pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:033001. [PMID: 26230785 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.033001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We study the breakup of H2+ exposed to superintense, femtosecond laser pulses with frequencies greater than that corresponding to the ionization potential. By solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation in an extensive field parameter range, it is revealed that highly nonresonant dissociation channels can dominate over ionization. By considering field-dressed Born-Oppenheimer potential energy curves in the reference frame following a free electron in the field, we propose a simple physical model that characterizes this dissociation mechanism. The model is used to predict control of vibrational excitation, magnitude of the dissociation yields, and nuclear kinetic energy release spectra. Finally, the joint energy spectrum for the ionization process illustrates the energy sharing between the electron and the nuclei and the correlation between ionization and dissociation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Yue
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Lars Bojer Madsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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18
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19
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Bian XB, Bandrauk AD. Probing nuclear motion by frequency modulation of molecular high-order harmonic generation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:193901. [PMID: 25415907 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.193901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Molecular high-order harmonic generation (MHOHG) in a non-Born-Oppenheimer treatment of H(2)(+), D(2)(+), is investigated by numerical simulations of the corresponding time-dependent Schrödinger equations in full dimensions. As opposed to previous studies on amplitude modulation of intracycle dynamics in MHOHG, we demonstrate redshifts as frequency modulation (FM) of intercycle dynamics in MHOHG. The FM is induced by nuclear motion using intense laser pulses. Compared to fixed-nuclei approximations, the intensity of MHOHG is much higher due to the dependence of enhanced ionization on the internuclear distance. The width and symmetry of the spectrum of each harmonic in MHOHG encode rich information on the dissociation process of molecules at the rising and falling parts of the laser pulses, which can be used to retrieve the nuclear dynamics. Isotope effects are studied to confirm the FM mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Bin Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - André D Bandrauk
- Laboratoire de chimie théorique, Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebéc J1K 2R1, Canada
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Zhang Q, He L, Lan P, Lu P. Shaped multi-cycle two-color laser field for generating an intense isolated XUV pulse toward 100 attoseconds. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:13213-13233. [PMID: 24921516 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.013213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The isolated attosecond pulse (IAP) generated from high-order harmonic (HH) radiation has been established as an important technique for the ultrafast optics over past decade. The applications of IAP in ultrafast processes can be greatly extended by further developing the high-intensity IAP. Here, we theoretically propose to shape a two-color field by performing peak amplitude-wavelength analysis. It is found that a 240-as IAP can be generated even without carrier envelop phase (CEP) stabilization using a 25 fs/800 nm fundamental field and a relative weak 25 fs/1330 nm control field, which enables us to markedly relax the requirements of the driving laser fields both in pulse duration and CEP control. On the other hand, if the CEPs of driving laser fields are stabilized, a 65-eV broadband continual harmonic, supporting a 81-as IAP, can be directly produced with the optimized intensity ratio of 0.866 and control wavelength of 1400 nm. Moreover, the propagation effect of two-color field on the macroscopic build-up of HH for generating a high-energy IAP is discussed. We found that the method of phase match still works for the efficient continuous harmonic generation as long as the ionization level and the pressure of gas medium are kept low enough. Since the phase-matched short IAP can be generated with our shaped two-color scheme in combination with a relaxed requirement of driving laser fields, the commercial available high-energy laser source with a loosely focused geometry is promising for scaling up the energy of IAP, showing the potential for the realization of IAP with high focused intensity toward 100 attoseconds.
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Wu J, Kunitski M, Pitzer M, Trinter F, Schmidt LPH, Jahnke T, Magrakvelidze M, Madsen CB, Madsen LB, Thumm U, Dörner R. Electron-nuclear energy sharing in above-threshold multiphoton dissociative ionization of H2. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:023002. [PMID: 23889391 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.023002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We report experimental observation of the energy sharing between electron and nuclei in above-threshold multiphoton dissociative ionization of H2 by strong laser fields. The absorbed photon energy is shared between the ejected electron and nuclei in a correlated fashion, resulting in multiple diagonal lines in their joint energy spectrum governed by the energy conservation of all fragment particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
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