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Lu AKA, Lin J, Futamura Y, Sakurai T, Tamura R, Miyazaki T. Extraction of local structure differences in silica based on unsupervised learning. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:11657-11666. [PMID: 38563149 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp06298h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Silica exhibits a rich phase diagram with numerous stable structures existing at different temperature and pressure conditions, including its glassy form. In large-scale atomistic simulations, due to the small energy difference, several phases may coexist. While, in terms of long-range order, there are clear differences between these phases, their short- or medium-range structural properties are similar for many phases, thus making it difficult to detect the structural differences. In this study, a methodology based on unsupervised learning is proposed to detect the differences in local structures between eight phases of silica, using atomic models prepared by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. A combination of two-step locality preserving projections (TS-LPP) and locally averaged atomic fingerprints (LAAF) descriptor was employed to find a low-dimensional space in which the differences among all the phases can be detected. From the distance between each structure in the found low-dimensional space, the similarity between the structures can be discussed and subtle local changes in the structures can be detected. Using the obtained low-dimensional space, the β-α transition in quartz at a low temperature was analyzed, as well as the structural evolution during the melt-quench process starting from α-quartz. The proper differentiation and ease of visualization make the present methodology promising for improving the analysis of the structure and properties of glasses, where subtle differences in structure appear due to differences in the temperature and pressure conditions at which they were synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Khoa Augustin Lu
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan.
- Mathematics for Advances Materials Open Innovation Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Jianbo Lin
- Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan
| | - Yasunori Futamura
- Department of Computer Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8573, Japan
- Center for Artificial Intelligence, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8573, Japan
- Master's/Doctoral Program in Life Science Innovation, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Sakurai
- Department of Computer Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8573, Japan
- Center for Artificial Intelligence, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8573, Japan
- Master's/Doctoral Program in Life Science Innovation, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Ryo Tamura
- Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8568, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Miyazaki
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan.
- Master's/Doctoral Program in Life Science Innovation, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya university, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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2
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Seo H, Kim B, Lee KH, Chae S, Jung J. Local Disordering in the Amorphous Network of a Solution-Processed Indium Tin Oxide Thin Film. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:25620-25628. [PMID: 35537705 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The polyhedra unit structure (MOx) in an amorphous metal oxide network has more freedom and flexibility than the same unit structure in a crystalline phase. Consequently, a mild external stimulus (e.g., instant photonic and acoustic energy) could affect and change this network parameter, thereby enhancing and modulating the electrical properties. However, it is difficult to tune these atomic parameters solely while maintaining the metal oxide's initial global amorphous phase and thereby preventing mechanical instability at the film-substrate interface (i.e., cracking or distortion). Here, we report local disordering in an amorphous network of a solution-processable indium tin oxide (ITO) film, where the disordering is triggered by mild-light irradiation (<0.1 mJ/cm2). Through a combination of systematic characterizations of the global structural and chemical compositional changes in conjunction with extended X-ray absorption fine structure analyses, we revealed the distortion of the atomic structure in the amorphous network of the ITO film led to the formation of additional structural oxygen vacancies. Our findings enabled us to fabricate mechanical-instability-free, perfect amorphous-phase ITO thin films on plastic substrates, where the sheet resistance substantially decreased to ∼ 2 × 103 Ω/□. Furthermore, this sheet resistance did not vary when the film and substrate were bent to a radius of 2 mm and could operate at low temperatures. This work can pave the novel way to fabricate high-quality flexible transparent electrodes suitable for rapid, cost-effective, and patternable processing on plastic substrates, and the domain can be extended to flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjeong Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Hannam University, Daejeon 34054, Korea
| | - Byeongsoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Hannam University, Daejeon 34054, Korea
| | - Keun Ho Lee
- Raphas R&D Centre, Raphas Co. Ltd., Seoul 07793 Korea
| | - Soosang Chae
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, IPF─Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Jongjin Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Hannam University, Daejeon 34054, Korea
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3
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Affiliation(s)
- Lothar Wondraczek
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, University of Jena, Jena, Germany.
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4
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Nishio K, Lu AKA, Miyazaki T. Entropy-driven docosahedral short-range order in simple liquids and glasses. Phys Rev E 2019; 99:022121. [PMID: 30934319 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.99.022121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The energetically favored icosahedral structure has been seen as the central figure for describing the local structure of simple liquids and glasses. Although regular icosahedral structures are rarely found, it is accepted that distorted icosahedral structures occur in simple liquids and glasses. However, which local structure dominates and why it is more frequent than the others remain unanswered questions. In this study, by using a recently developed structure descriptor, we show that docosahedral structures are the most favored not only in models of simple liquids and glasses but also in an experimental colloid glass. We also show that the the predominance of docosahedral structures is entropy-driven. Our findings represent a significant milestone towards comprehending mysterious phenomena such as supercooling, glass transition, and crystallization, where local structures play a key role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Nishio
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, Umezono 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Anh Khoa Augustin Lu
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, Umezono 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Takehide Miyazaki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, Umezono 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
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5
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Yan S, Abhilash KP, Tang L, Yang M, Ma Y, Xia Q, Guo Q, Xia H. Research Advances of Amorphous Metal Oxides in Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1804371. [PMID: 30548915 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201804371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Amorphous metal oxides (AMOs) have aroused great enthusiasm across multiple energy areas over recent years due to their unique properties, such as the intrinsic isotropy, versatility in compositions, absence of grain boundaries, defect distribution, flexible nature, etc. Here, the materials engineering of AMOs is systematically reviewed in different electrochemical applications and recent advances in understanding and developing AMO-based high-performance electrodes are highlighted. Attention is focused on the important roles that AMOs play in various energy storage and conversion technologies, such as active materials in metal-ion batteries and supercapacitors as well as active catalysts in water splitting, metal-air batteries, and fuel cells. The improvements of electrochemical performance in metal-ion batteries and supercapacitors are reviewed regarding the enhancement in active sites, mechanical strength, and defect distribution of amorphous structures. Furthermore, the high electrochemical activities boosted by AMOs in various fundamental reactions are elaborated on and they are related to the electrocatalytic behaviors in water splitting, metal-air batteries, and fuel cells. The applications in electrochromism and high-conducting sensors are also briefly discussed. Finally, perspectives on the existing challenges of AMOs for electrochemical applications are proposed, together with several promising future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihan Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - K P Abhilash
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Lingyu Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Mei Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Yifan Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Qiuying Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Qiubo Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Hui Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
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Terasawa A, Gohda Y. Hidden order in amorphous structures: Extraction of nearest neighbor networks of amorphous Nd–Fe alloys with Gabriel graph analyses. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:154502. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5045222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Asako Terasawa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Gohda
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
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7
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The Structure of Liquid and Amorphous Hafnia. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10111290. [PMID: 29125579 PMCID: PMC5706237 DOI: 10.3390/ma10111290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the atomic structure of amorphous solids is important in predicting and tuning their macroscopic behavior. Here, we use a combination of high-energy X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, and molecular dynamics simulations to benchmark the atomic interactions in the high temperature stable liquid and low-density amorphous solid states of hafnia. The diffraction results reveal an average Hf–O coordination number of ~7 exists in both the liquid and amorphous nanoparticle forms studied. The measured pair distribution functions are compared to those generated from several simulation models in the literature. We have also performed ab initio and classical molecular dynamics simulations that show density has a strong effect on the polyhedral connectivity. The liquid shows a broad distribution of Hf–Hf interactions, while the formation of low-density amorphous nanoclusters can reproduce the sharp split peak in the Hf–Hf partial pair distribution function observed in experiment. The agglomeration of amorphous nanoparticles condensed from the gas phase is associated with the formation of both edge-sharing and corner-sharing HfO6,7 polyhedra resembling that observed in the monoclinic phase.
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8
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Describing polyhedral tilings and higher dimensional polytopes by sequence of their two-dimensional components. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40269. [PMID: 28094254 PMCID: PMC5240342 DOI: 10.1038/srep40269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyhedral tilings are often used to represent structures such as atoms in materials, grains in crystals, foams, galaxies in the universe, etc. In the previous paper, we have developed a theory to convert a way of how polyhedra are arranged to form a polyhedral tiling into a codeword (series of numbers) from which the original structure can be recovered. The previous theory is based on the idea of forming a polyhedral tiling by gluing together polyhedra face to face. In this paper, we show that the codeword contains redundant digits not needed for recovering the original structure, and develop a theory to reduce the redundancy. For this purpose, instead of polyhedra, we regard two-dimensional regions shared by faces of adjacent polyhedra as building blocks of a polyhedral tiling. Using the present method, the same information is represented by a shorter codeword whose length is reduced by up to the half of the original one. Shorter codewords are easier to handle for both humans and computers, and thus more useful to describe polyhedral tilings. By generalizing the idea of assembling two-dimensional components to higher dimensional polytopes, we develop a unified theory to represent polyhedral tilings and polytopes of different dimensions in the same light.
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9
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Nishio K, Miyazaki T. How to describe disordered structures. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23455. [PMID: 27064833 PMCID: PMC4827397 DOI: 10.1038/srep23455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Disordered structures such as liquids and glasses, grains and foams, galaxies, etc. are often represented as polyhedral tilings. Characterizing the associated polyhedral tiling is a promising strategy to understand the disordered structure. However, since a variety of polyhedra are arranged in complex ways, it is challenging to describe what polyhedra are tiled in what way. Here, to solve this problem, we create the theory of how the polyhedra are tiled. We first formulate an algorithm to convert a polyhedron into a codeword that instructs how to construct the polyhedron from its building-block polygons. By generalizing the method to polyhedral tilings, we describe the arrangements of polyhedra. Our theory allows us to characterize polyhedral tilings, and thereby paves the way to study from short- to long-range order of disordered structures in a systematic way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Nishio
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, Umezono 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Takehide Miyazaki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, Umezono 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
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10
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Benmore CJ, Skinner LB, Lee B, Weber JKR, Parise JB, Williamson M. Topological ordering in liquid UO2. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2016; 28:015102. [PMID: 26656592 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/1/015102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A molecular dynamics model of liquid UO2 that is in good agreement with recent high-energy x-ray diffraction data has been analyzed using the Bhatia-Thornton formalism. A pre-peak appears in the topological structure factor S NN(Q) at Q = 1.85(1)Å(-1) which is not present in the more common, element specific Faber-Ziman partial structure factors. A radical Voronoi tessellation of the 3D molecular dynamics model shows the presence of a wide distribution of clusters, consistent with presence of highly mobile oxygen atoms. However, 4-fold Voronoi polyhedra (n 4) are found to dominate the structure and the majority of clusters can be described by the distribution n 3 ⩽ n 4 ⩾ n 5. It is argued that an open network of 4-fold Voronoi polyhedra could explain the origin of the pre-peak in S NN(Q) and the topological ordering observed in liquid UO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Benmore
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
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11
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Eitan Barlaz D, Seebauer EG. Manipulation of carrier concentration, crystallite size and density in polycrystalline anatase TiO2via amorphous-phase medium range atomic order. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce00048c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Deposition temperature and other growth conditions affect carrier concentration and other properties of thin-film polycrystalline anatase, yielding evidence for medium range atomic order in the initially amorphous films.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Eitan Barlaz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Illinois
- Urbana, USA
| | - Edmund G. Seebauer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Illinois
- Urbana, USA
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12
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Buchholz DB, Ma Q, Alducin D, Ponce A, Jose-Yacaman M, Khanal R, Medvedeva JE, Chang RPH. The Structure and Properties of Amorphous Indium Oxide. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2014; 26:5401-5411. [PMID: 25678743 PMCID: PMC4311939 DOI: 10.1021/cm502689x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
A series of In2O3 thin films, ranging from X-ray diffraction amorphous to highly crystalline, were grown on amorphous silica substrates using pulsed laser deposition by varying the film growth temperature. The amorphous-to-crystalline transition and the structure of amorphous In2O3 were investigated by grazing angle X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), Hall transport measurement, high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), electron diffraction, extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), and ab initio molecular dynamics (MD) liquid-quench simulation. On the basis of excellent agreement between the EXAFS and MD results, a model of the amorphous oxide structure as a network of InO x polyhedra was constructed. Mechanisms for the transport properties observed in the crystalline, amorphous-to-crystalline, and amorphous deposition regions are presented, highlighting a unique structure-property relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Bruce Buchholz
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern
University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United
States
| | - Qing Ma
- DND-CAT,
Northwestern Synchrotron Research Center at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Diego Alducin
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Arturo Ponce
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Miguel Jose-Yacaman
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Rabi Khanal
- Department
of Physics, Missouri University of Science
& Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409-0640, United States
| | - Julia E. Medvedeva
- Department
of Physics, Missouri University of Science
& Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409-0640, United States
| | - Robert P. H. Chang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern
University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United
States
- E-mail:
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