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Luo P, Zhu F, Lv YM, Lu Z, Shen LQ, Zhao R, Sun YT, Vaughan GBM, di Michiel M, Ruta B, Bai HY, Wang WH. Microscopic Structural Evolution during Ultrastable Metallic Glass Formation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:40098-40105. [PMID: 34375527 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
By decreasing the rate of physical vapor deposition, ZrCuAl metallic glasses with improved stability and mechanical performances can be formed, while the microscopic structural mechanisms remain unclear. Here, with scanning transmission electron microscopy and high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction, we found that the metallic glass deposited at a higher rate exhibits a heterogeneous structure with compositional fluctuations at a distance of a few nanometers, which gradually disappear on decreasing the deposition rate; eventually, a homogeneous structure is developed approaching ultrastability. This microscopic structural evolution suggests the existence of the following two dynamical processes during ultrastable metallic glass formation: a faster diffusion process driven by the kinetic energy of the depositing atoms, which results in nanoscale compositional fluctuations, and a slower collective relaxation process that eliminates the compositional and structural heterogeneity, equilibrates the deposited atoms, and strengthens the local atomic connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Luo
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Fan Zhu
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yu-Miao Lv
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhen Lu
- World Premier International Research Centers Initiative (WPI), Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Lai-Quan Shen
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yi-Tao Sun
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Gavin B M Vaughan
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, CS 40220, Grenoble 38043 Cedex 9, France
| | - Marco di Michiel
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, CS 40220, Grenoble 38043 Cedex 9, France
| | - Beatrice Ruta
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, CS 40220, Grenoble 38043 Cedex 9, France
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, Villeurbanne 69622, France
| | - Hai-Yang Bai
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei-Hua Wang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Wilden J, Yang F, Günther G, Russina M, Kuball A, Busch R, Meyer A. Ni self-diffusion in glass forming Pd-Ni-S melts. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:435101. [PMID: 34405822 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac1968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Ni self-diffusion in glass forming Pd40Ni40S20, Pd37Ni37S26and Pd31Ni42S27melts was probed by incoherent, quasielastic neutron scattering over a temperature range between 773 and 1023 K. The Ni self-diffusion coefficients are on a 10-10 m2 s-1-10-9 m2 s-1scale and barely change with composition. Each composition exhibits an Arrhenius-type temperature dependence of the Ni self-diffusion coefficients, which results in activation energies ranging fromEA= 348 ± 16 meV for Pd40Ni40S20toEA= 387 ± 6 meV for Pd37Ni37S26. The structural relaxation shows a stretched exponential behavior even far above the liquidus temperatures. In addition, the viscosity of the Pd37Ni37S26melt was measured under reduced gravity conditions. The diffusion calculated from the viscosity reveals a significant deviation from the measured Ni self-diffusion by a factor between 4 and 8. This may indicate a dynamic decoupling between the atoms within the Pd-Ni-S equilibrium melts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Wilden
- Institut für Materialphysik im Weltraum, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), 51170 Köln, Germany
| | - Fan Yang
- Institut für Materialphysik im Weltraum, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), 51170 Köln, Germany
| | - Gerrit Günther
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Margarita Russina
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Kuball
- Lehrstuhl für metallische Werkstoffe, Universität des Saarlandes, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Amorphous Metal Solutions GmbH, 66424 Homburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Busch
- Lehrstuhl für metallische Werkstoffe, Universität des Saarlandes, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Andreas Meyer
- Institut für Materialphysik im Weltraum, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), 51170 Köln, Germany
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Monnier X, Cangialosi D, Ruta B, Busch R, Gallino I. Vitrification decoupling from α-relaxation in a metallic glass. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay1454. [PMID: 32494629 PMCID: PMC7182406 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay1454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how glasses form, the so-called vitrification, remains a major challenge in materials science. Here, we study vitrification kinetics, in terms of the limiting fictive temperature, and atomic mobility related to the α-relaxation of an Au-based bulk metallic glass former by fast scanning calorimetry. We show that the time scale of the α-relaxation exhibits super-Arrhenius temperature dependence typical of fragile liquids. In contrast, vitrification kinetics displays milder temperature dependence at moderate undercooling, and thereby, vitrification takes place at temperatures lower than those associated to the α-relaxation. This finding challenges the paradigmatic view based on a one-to-one correlation between vitrification, leading to the glass transition, and the α-relaxation. We provide arguments that at moderate to deep undercooling, other atomic motions, which are not involved in the α-relaxation and that originate from the heterogeneous dynamics in metallic glasses, contribute to vitrification. Implications from the viewpoint of glasses fundamental properties are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Monnier
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Daniele Cangialosi
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal, 50018 Sebastián, Spain
| | - Beatrice Ruta
- Universté Lyon, Universitè Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ralf Busch
- Chair of Metallic Materials, Saarland University, Campus C6.3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Isabella Gallino
- Chair of Metallic Materials, Saarland University, Campus C6.3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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Cao QL, Wang PP, Huang DH. Revisiting the Stokes-Einstein relation for glass-forming melts. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:2557-2565. [PMID: 31942907 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04984c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations of Ni36Zr64, Cu65Zr35 and Ni80Al20 were carried out over a broad range of temperature (900-3000 K) to investigate the Stokes-Einstein (SE) relation for glass-forming melts. Our results reproduce experimental structural and transport properties. Results show that the breakdown temperature of the SE relation (TSE) equals the dynamical crossover temperature (TA) and both are roughly twice the glass-transition temperature (Tg) for the three glass-forming melts (TSE = TA ≈ 2.0Tg). The product of the individual component self-diffusion coefficient and viscosity Dαη can be roughly regarded as a constant at the transition zone (a small temperature range around TSE) in which the temperature behaviors of self-diffusion coefficient and viscosity switch from high-temperature Arrhenius to a low-temperature VFT behavior. Below TSE, the decoupling of component diffusion coefficients was found. In particular, the decoupling of component diffusion coefficients can be ascribed to the decoupling of the partial pair structural correlation of components, which can be clearly reflected by the intersection of the high-temperature and low-temperature behaviors of the ratio between the partial pair correlation entropy of components (Sβ2/Sα2). Furthermore, the ratio between the partial pair correlation entropy of components may be used to predict the validity of the SE relation, in the absence of both transport coefficients and atomic coordinates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Long Cao
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physics, Yibin University, Yibin 644007, P. R. China.
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Diffusion in Ni–Zr Melts: Insights from Statistical Mechanics and Atomistic Modeling. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.201800109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ruta B, Pineda E, Evenson Z. Relaxation processes and physical aging in metallic glasses. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS: CONDENSED MATTER 2017; 29:503002. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa9964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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Wang XD, Jiang JZ. Perspective on Structural Evolution and Relations with Thermophysical Properties of Metallic Liquids. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1703136. [PMID: 28940751 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201703136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between the structural evolution and properties of metallic liquids is a long-standing hot issue in condensed-matter physics and materials science. Here, recent progress is reviewed in several fundamental aspects of metallic liquids, including the methods to study their atomic structures, liquid-liquid transition, physical properties, fragility, and their correlations with local structures, together with potential applications of liquid metals at room temperature. Involved with more experimentally and theoretically advanced techniques, these studies provide more in-depth understanding of the structure-property relationship of metallic liquids and promote the design of new metallic materials with superior properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Wang
- International Center for New-Structured Materials, School of Materials and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Zhong Jiang
- International Center for New-Structured Materials, School of Materials and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
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Jaiswal A, Egami T, Kelton KF, Schweizer KS, Zhang Y. Correlation between Fragility and the Arrhenius Crossover Phenomenon in Metallic, Molecular, and Network Liquids. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:205701. [PMID: 27886481 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.205701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of a distinct correlation between the kinetic fragility index m and the reduced Arrhenius crossover temperature θ_{A}=T_{A}/T_{g} in various glass-forming liquids, identifying three distinguishable groups. In particular, for 11 glass-forming metallic liquids, we universally observe a crossover in the mean diffusion coefficient from high-temperature Arrhenius to low-temperature super-Arrhenius behavior at approximately θ_{A}≈2 which is in the stable liquid phases. In contrast, for fragile molecular liquids, this crossover occurs at much lower θ_{A}≈1.4 and usually in their supercooled states. The θ_{A} values for strong network liquids spans a wide range higher than 2. Intriguingly, the high-temperature activation barrier E_{∞} is universally found to be ∼11k_{B}T_{g} and uncorrelated with the fragility or the reduced crossover temperature θ_{A} for metallic and molecular liquids. These observations provide a way to estimate the low-temperature glassy characteristics (T_{g} and m) from the high-temperature liquid quantities (E_{∞} and θ_{A}).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Jaiswal
- Department of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering,University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Takeshi Egami
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - K F Kelton
- Department of Physics and Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - Kenneth S Schweizer
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering,University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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Kim J, Sung BJ. Dynamic decoupling and local atomic order of a model multicomponent metallic glass-former. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2015; 27:235102. [PMID: 25993620 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/23/235102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of multicomponent metallic alloys is spatially heterogeneous near glass transition. The diffusion coefficient of one component of the metallic alloys may also decouple from those of other components, i.e., the diffusion coefficient of each component depends differently on the viscosity of metallic alloys. In this work we investigate the dynamic heterogeneity and decoupling of a model system for multicomponent Pd43Cu27Ni10P20 melts by using a hard sphere model that considers the size disparity of alloys but does not take chemical effects into account. We also study how such dynamic behaviors would relate to the local atomic structure of metallic alloys. We find, from molecular dynamics simulations, that the smallest component P of multicomponent Pd43Cu27Ni10P20 melts becomes dynamically heterogeneous at a translational relaxation time scale and that the largest major component Pd forms a slow subsystem, which has been considered mainly responsible for the stabilization of amorphous state of alloys. The heterogeneous dynamics of P atoms accounts for the breakdown of Stokes-Einstein relation and also leads to the dynamic decoupling of P and Pd atoms. The dynamically heterogeneous P atoms decrease the lifetime of the local short-range atomic orders of both icosahedral and close-packed structures by orders of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongmin Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea
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