1
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Huang B, Zhang H, Geng L, Luo Z. An Open-Shell Superatom Cluster Ta 10- with Enhanced Stability by United d-d π Bonds and d-Orbital Superatomic States. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:9711-9717. [PMID: 36220259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We carried out a comprehensive study on the gas-phase reactions of Tan- (n = 5-27) with nitrogen using a customized reflection time-of-flight mass spectrometer coupled with a velocity map imaging apparatus (Re-TOFMS-VMI). Among the studied tantalum clusters, Ta10- exhibits prominent mass abundance indicative of its unique inertness. DFT calculation results revealed a D4d bipyramidal prolate structure of the most stable Ta10-, which was verified by photoelectron spectroscopy experiments. The calculations also unveiled that Ta10- has the largest HOMO-LUMO gap and second-order difference of binding energy among the studied clusters. This is associated with its well-organized superatomic orbitals, which consist of both 6s and 5d orbitals of tantalum atoms, allowing for splitting of superatomic 1D and 2P orbitals and an enlarged gap between the singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) and unoccupied β counterpart, which brings forth stabilization energy pertaining to Jahn-Teller distortion. Also, the SOMO exhibits a united d-d π orbital pattern that embraces the central Ta8- moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benben Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hanyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lijun Geng
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhixun Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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2
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Arakawa M, Hayashi N, Minamikawa K, Nishizato T, Terasaki A. Exploring s-d, s-f, and d-f Electron Interactions in Ag nCe + and Ag nSm + by Chemical Reaction toward O 2. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:6920-6926. [PMID: 36154008 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We investigate gas-phase reactions of free AgnCe+ and AgnSm+ clusters with oxygen molecules to explore s-d, s-f, and d-f electron interactions in the finite size regime; a Ce atom has a 5d electron as well as a 4f electron, whereas a Sm atom has six 4f electrons without 5d electrons. In the reaction of AgnCe+ (n = 3-20), the Ce atom located on the cluster surface provides an active site except for n = 15 and 16, as inferred from the composition of the reaction products with oxygen bound to the Ce atom as well as from their relatively high reactivity. The extremely low reactivity for n = 15 and 16 is due to encapsulation of the Ce atom by Ag atoms. The minimum reactivity observed at n = 16 suggests that a closed electronic shell with 18 valence electrons is formed with a delocalized Ce 5d electron, while the localized Ce 4f electron does not contribute to the shell closure. As for AgnSm+ (n = 1-18), encapsulation of the Sm atom was observed for n ≥ 15. The lower reactivity at n = 17 than at n = 16 and 18 implies that an 18-valence-electron shell closure is formed with s electrons from Ag and Sm atoms; Sm 4f electrons are not involved in the shell closure as in the case of AgnCe+. The present results suggest that the 4f electrons tend to localize on the lanthanoid atom, whereas the 5d electron delocalizes to contribute to the electron shell closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Arakawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Naho Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kento Minamikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tasuku Nishizato
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Akira Terasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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3
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Lan NT, Mai NT, La DD, Tam NM, Ngo ST, Cuong NT, Dang NV, Phung TT, Tung NT. DFT investigation of Au9M2+ nanoclusters (M = Sc-Ni): The magnetic superatomic behavior of Au9Cr2+. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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4
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Andriotis AN, Menon M. Magnetism versus band-gap relationship in diluted magnetic semiconductors: megatom impurity behavior of the magnetic dopant complexes. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:195801. [PMID: 34530405 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac276b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
An analysis ofab initionumerical results obtained for the total energy of diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMSs) doped with dopant formations of various structural and spin conformations consisting of 2-4 3D transition metal (TM atoms) has revealed that a dopant formation acts as large impurity atom i.e., as amegatom, in a reverse analogy to the process of the adsorption ofsp-atoms onto metallic surfaces. As a result, thed-orbitals of the magnetic dopant formation (themegatom) become hybridized with thesp-bands of the host anions thus creating a number of impurity states which are reflected in the changes of the band gap of the DMS establishing an implicit relationship between the band gap and magnetism. Additional findings also indicate that: (i) the total magnetic momentMtot(α)and the band gapegap(α)which characterize a DMS with a dopant formation in spin conformation (α) do not vary independently from each other but instead form one composite system parameter. (ii) The per dopant-pair magnetic interactions in dopant formations consisting of more than two dopants are smaller than those obtained for an isolated dopant-pair. These are demonstrated with results obtained for GaN doped with 3D-TM dopant formations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis N Andriotis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, FORTH, PO Box 1527, 71110 Heraklio, Crete, Greece
| | - Madhu Menon
- Conn Center for Renewable Energy Research, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, United States of America
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5
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Minamikawa K, Sarugaku S, Arakawa M, Terasaki A. Electron counting in cationic and anionic silver clusters doped with a 3d transition-metal atom: endo- vs. exohedral geometry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:1447-1455. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04197e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cationic and anionic AgNM+/− (M = Sc–Ni) clusters are explored to examine the electron-counting rule. Among 18-valence-electron clusters, endohedrally doped ones are stable due to superatomic electron-shell closure involving delocalized 3d electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Minamikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shun Sarugaku
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masashi Arakawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Akira Terasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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6
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Mai NT, Lan NT, Cuong NT, Tam NM, Ngo ST, Phung TT, Dang NV, Tung NT. Systematic Investigation of the Structure, Stability, and Spin Magnetic Moment of CrM n Clusters (M = Cu, Ag, Au, and n = 2-20) by DFT Calculations. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:20341-20350. [PMID: 34395982 PMCID: PMC8358970 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Binary clusters of transition-metal and noble-metal elements have been gathering momentum for not only advanced fundamental understanding but also potential as elementary blocks of novel nanostructured materials. In this regard, the geometries, electronic structures, stability, and magnetic properties of Cr-doped Cu n , Ag n , and Au n clusters (n = 2-20) have been systematically studied by means of density functional theory calculations. It is found that the structural evolutions of CrCu n and CrAg n clusters are identical. The icosahedral CrCu12 and CrAg12 are crucial sizes for doped copper and silver species. Small CrAu n clusters prefer the planar geometries, while the larger ones appear as on the way to establish the tetrahedral CrAu19. Our results show that while each noble atom contributes one s valence electron to the cluster shell, the number of chromium delocalized electrons is strongly size-dependent. The localization and delocalization behavior of 3d orbitals of the chromium decide how they participate in metallic bonding, stabilize the cluster, and give rise to and eventually quench the spin magnetic moment. Moreover, molecular orbital analysis in combination with a qualitative interpretation using the phenomenological shell model is applied to reveal the complex interplay between geometric structure, electronic structure, and magnetic moment of clusters. The finding results are expected to provide greater insight into how a host material electronic structure influences the geometry, stability, and formation of spin magnetic moments in doped systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Mai
- Institute
of Materials Science and Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 11307, Vietnam
| | - Ngo Thi Lan
- Institute
of Materials Science and Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 11307, Vietnam
- Department
of Physics and Technology, Thai Nguyen University
of Science, Thai Nguyen 250000, Vietnam
| | - Ngo Tuan Cuong
- Center
for Computational Science, Hanoi National
University of Education, Hanoi 11310, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Minh Tam
- Computational
Chemistry Research Group, Ton Duc Thang
University, Ho Chi
Minh City 72915, Vietnam
- Faculty
of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 72915, Vietnam
| | - Son Tung Ngo
- Faculty
of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 72915, Vietnam
- Laboratory
of Theoretical and Computational Biophysics, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi
Minh City 72915, Vietnam
| | - Thu Thi Phung
- University
of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam
Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 11307, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Dang
- Department
of Physics and Technology, Thai Nguyen University
of Science, Thai Nguyen 250000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thanh Tung
- Institute
of Materials Science and Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 11307, Vietnam
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7
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Zhang P, Liu H, Zou W, Zhang P, Hu SX. Relativistic Effects Stabilize the Planar Wheel-like Structure of Actinide-Doped Gold Clusters: An@Au 7 (An = Th to Cm). J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:8173-8183. [PMID: 32845148 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c02148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite the chemistry of actinide-ligand bonding is continuing and of burgeoning interest, investigations of the chemical bonding of bimetallic complexes involving transuranics remain relatively less, and there are rarely studies on the bonding features between actinide and coinage metals (CM). We present a systematic research on the series of An@Au7 (An = Th to Cm), UCM7 (CM = Cu, Ag, Au), and WAu7 clusters to investigate the unique geometries, electronic structures, and chemical bonding between An 5f6d orbitals and CM ns orbitals, and to find their periodicity across the actinides and within the group of transition metals. A unique planar wheel-like structure for An@Au7 clusters with the help of actinide metals encapsulation via spin-orbit coupling, resulting in An(III). Instead, the transition-metal (TM) element W retains its usual six-gold-coordination structure in WAu7, thus forcing the seventh Au out of plane. The An-CM interactions, depending on the ion radii, become stronger with the increase of the atomic number of the actinide metals, as well as the CM. These results show that the presence of actinides in clusters can lead to unique electronic and geometrical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Wenli Zou
- Institute of Modern Physics, Northwest University and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Shu-Xian Hu
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
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8
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Egorov D, Bari S, Boll R, Dörner S, Deinert S, Techert S, Hoekstra R, Zamudio-Bayer V, Lindblad R, Bülow C, Timm M, von Issendorff B, Lau JT, Schlathölter T. Near-Edge Soft X-ray Absorption Mass Spectrometry of Protonated Melittin. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:2138-2151. [PMID: 30047073 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-2035-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the photoionization and photofragmentation yields of gas-phase multiply protonated melittin cations for photon energies at the K-shell absorption edges of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen. Two similar experimental approaches were employed. In both experiments, mass selected [melittin+qH]q+ (q=2-4) ions were accumulated in radiofrequency ion traps. The trap content was exposed to intense beams of monochromatic soft X-ray photons from synchrotron beamlines and photoproducts were analyzed by means of time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Mass spectra were recorded for fixed photon energies, and partial ion yield spectra were recorded as a function of photon energy. The combination of mass spectrometry and soft X-ray spectroscopy allows for a direct correlation of protein electronic structure with various photoionization channels. Non-dissociative single and double ionization are used as a reference. The contribution of both channels to various backbone scission channels is quantified and related to activation energies and protonation sites. Soft X-ray absorption mass spectrometry combines fast energy deposition with single and double ionization and could complement established activation techniques. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii Egorov
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Sadia Bari
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rebecca Boll
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon Dörner
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sascha Deinert
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simone Techert
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of X-ray Physics, University of Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ronnie Hoekstra
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Vicente Zamudio-Bayer
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rebecka Lindblad
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Synkrotronljusfysik, Lunds Universitet, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christine Bülow
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Timm
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd von Issendorff
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - J Tobias Lau
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Schlathölter
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG, Groningen, Netherlands.
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9
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Topolski JE, Kafader JO, Marrero-Colon V, Iyengar SS, Hratchian HP, Jarrold CC. Exotic electronic structures of SmxCe3−xOy (x = 0-3; y = 2-4) clusters and the effect of high neutral density of low-lying states on photodetachment transition intensities. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:054305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5043490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Josey E. Topolski
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Jared O. Kafader
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Vicmarie Marrero-Colon
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Srinivasan S. Iyengar
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Hrant P. Hratchian
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of California, Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, California 95343, USA
| | - Caroline Chick Jarrold
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
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10
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Xiong R, Die D, Xiao L, Xu YG, Shen XY. Probing the Structural, Electronic, and Magnetic Properties of Ag n V (n = 1-12) Clusters. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2017; 12:625. [PMID: 29247393 PMCID: PMC5732125 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2394-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of Ag n V (n = 1-12) clusters have been studied using density functional theory and CALYPSO structure searching method. Geometry optimizations manifest that a vanadium atom in low-energy AgnV clusters favors the most highly coordinated location. The substitution of one V atom for an Ag atom in Ag n + 1 (n ≥ 5) cluster modifies the lowest energy structure of the host cluster. The infrared spectra, Raman spectra, and photoelectron spectra of Ag n V (n = 1-12) clusters are simulated and can be used to determine the most stable structure in the future. The relative stability, dissociation channel, and chemical activity of the ground states are analyzed through atomic averaged binding energy, dissociation energy, and energy gap. It is found that V atom can improve the stability of the host cluster, Ag2 excepted. The most possible dissociation channels are Ag n V = Ag + Ag n - 1V for n = 1 and 4-12 and Ag n V = Ag2 + Ag n - 2V for n = 2 and 3. The energy gap of Ag n V cluster with odd n is much smaller than that of Ag n + 1 cluster. Analyses of magnetic property indicate that the total magnetic moment of Ag n V cluster mostly comes from V atom and varies from 1 to 5 μ B. The charge transfer between V and Ag atoms should be responsible for the change of magnetic moment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xiong
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039 China
| | - Dong Die
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039 China
| | - Lu Xiao
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039 China
| | - Yong-Gen Xu
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039 China
| | - Xu-Ying Shen
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039 China
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11
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Sarugaku S, Murakami R, Matsumoto J, Kawano T, Arakawa M, Terasaki A. Size-dependent Reactivity of Nickel-doped Silver Cluster Cations toward Oxygen: Electronic and Geometric Effects. CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.161094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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12
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Lee HW, Chang CM, Hsing CR. Puzzle of magnetic moments of Ni clusters revisited using quantum Monte Carlo method. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:084313. [PMID: 28249444 DOI: 10.1063/1.4977038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The puzzle of the magnetic moments of small nickel clusters arises from the discrepancy between values predicted using density functional theory (DFT) and experimental measurements. Traditional DFT approaches underestimate the magnetic moments of nickel clusters. Two fundamental problems are associated with this puzzle, namely, calculating the exchange-correlation interaction accurately and determining the global minimum structures of the clusters. Theoretically, the two problems can be solved using quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) calculations and the ab initio random structure searching (AIRSS) method correspondingly. Therefore, we combined the fixed-moment AIRSS and QMC methods to investigate the magnetic properties of Nin (n = 5-9) clusters. The spin moments of the diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) ground states are higher than those of the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof ground states and, in the case of Ni8-9, two new ground-state structures have been discovered using the DMC calculations. The predicted results are closer to the experimental findings, unlike the results predicted in previous standard DFT studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Wen Lee
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ming Chang
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Rong Hsing
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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13
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Zamudio-Bayer V, Lindblad R, Bülow C, Leistner G, Terasaki A, V Issendorff B, Lau JT. Electronic ground state of Ni 2. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:194302. [PMID: 27875883 DOI: 10.1063/1.4967821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Φ9/24 ground state of the Ni2+ diatomic molecular cation is determined experimentally from temperature and magnetic-field-dependent x-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy in a cryogenic ion trap, where an electronic and rotational temperature of 7.4±0.2 K was reached by buffer gas cooling of the molecular ion. The contribution of the spin dipole operator to the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism spin sum rule amounts to 7Tz=0.17±0.06μB per atom, approximately 11% of the spin magnetic moment. We find that, in general, homonuclear diatomic molecular cations of 3d transition metals seem to adopt maximum spin magnetic moments in their electronic ground states.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Zamudio-Bayer
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - R Lindblad
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - C Bülow
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - G Leistner
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - A Terasaki
- Cluster Research Laboratory, Toyota Technological Institute, 717-86 Futamata, Ichikawa, Chiba 272-0001, Japan
| | - B V Issendorff
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - J T Lau
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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14
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Akin ST, Zamudio-Bayer V, Duanmu K, Leistner G, Hirsch K, Bülow C, Ławicki A, Terasaki A, Issendorff BV, Truhlar DG, Lau JT, Duncan MA. Size-Dependent Ligand Quenching of Ferromagnetism in Co 3(benzene) n+ Clusters Studied with X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:4568-4575. [PMID: 27779876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt-benzene cluster ions of the form Co3(bz)n+ (n = 0-3) were produced in the gas phase, mass-selected, and cooled in a cryogenic ion trap held at 3-4 K. To explore ligand effects on cluster magnetic moments, these species were investigated with X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectroscopy. XMCD spectra yield both the spin and orbital angular momenta of these clusters. Co3+ has a spin magnetic moment of μS = 6 μB and an orbital magnetic moment of μL = 3 μB. Co3(bz)+ and Co3(bz)2+ complexes were found to have spin and orbital magnetic moments identical to the values for ligand-free Co3+. However, coordination of the third benzene to form Co3(bz)3+ completely quenches the high spin state of the system. Density functional theory calculations elucidate the spin states of the Co3(bz)n+ species as a function of the number of attached benzene ligands, explaining the transition from septet to singlet for n = 0 → 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott T Akin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Vicente Zamudio-Bayer
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg , Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kaining Duanmu
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and the Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Georg Leistner
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin , Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Konstantin Hirsch
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin , Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Bülow
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin , Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arkadiusz Ławicki
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Akira Terasaki
- East Tokyo Laboratory, Genesis Research Institute, Inc. , 717-86 Futamata, Ichikawa, Chiba 272-0001, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University , 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Bernd von Issendorff
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg , Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Donald G Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and the Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - J Tobias Lau
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael A Duncan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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Pham HT, Cuong NT, Tam NM, Tung NT. A Systematic Investigation on CrCun Clusters with n = 9-16: Noble Gas and Tunable Magnetic Property. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:7335-43. [PMID: 27556591 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b04221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A systematic investigation on structure, dissociation behavior, chemical bonding, and magnetic property of Cr-doped Cun clusters (n = 9-16) is carried out using the mean of density functional theory calculations. It is found that CrCu12 is a crucial size, preferring an icosahedral Cu12 cage with the central Cr dopant. Smaller cluster sizes appear as on the way to form the CrCu12 icosahedron while larger ones are produced by attaching additional Cu atoms to the CrCu12 core. The presence of Cr dopant obviously enhances the stability of CrCun clusters in comparison to that of pure counterparts. Exceptionally stable CrCu12 has an 18-electron closed-shell electronic structure, mimicking a noble gas in the viewpoint of superatom concept. Analysis on cluster electronic structure shows that the interplay between 3d orbitals of Cr and 4s orbitals of Cu has a vital role on the magnetic properties of CrCun clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Tan Pham
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology , Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ngo Tuan Cuong
- Center for Computational Science, Hanoi National University of Education , Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Minh Tam
- Computational Chemistry Research Group & Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University , Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thanh Tung
- Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology , Hanoi, Vietnam
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16
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Insights into the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of V-doped copper clusters: comparison with pure copper clusters. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31978. [PMID: 27534599 PMCID: PMC4989221 DOI: 10.1038/srep31978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural, electronic and magnetic properties of Cun+1 and CunV (n = 1–12) clusters have been investigated by using density functional theory. The growth behaviors reveal that V atom in low-energy CunV isomer favors the most highly coordinated position and changes the geometry of the three-dimensional host clusters. The vibrational spectra are predicted and can be used to identify the ground state. The relative stability and chemical activity of the ground states are analyzed through the binding energy per atom, energy second-order difference and energy gap. It is found that that the stability of CunV (n ≥ 8) is higher than that of Cun+1. The substitution of a V atom for a Cu atom in copper clusters alters the odd-even oscillations of stability and activity of the host clusters. The vertical ionization potential, electron affinity and photoelectron spectrum are calculated and simulated for all of the most stable clusters. Compare with the experimental data, we determine the ground states of pure copper clusters. The magnetism analyses show that the magnetic moments of CunV clusters are mainly localized on the V atom and decease with the increase of cluster size. The magnetic change is closely related to the charge transfer between V and Cu atoms.
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17
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Ding XL, Liao HL, Zhang Y, Chen YM, Wang D, Wang YY, Zhang HY. Geometric and electronic properties of gold clusters doped with a single oxygen atom. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:28960-28972. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp05595h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A systematic theoretical study on single oxygen atom doped gold clusters showed that a single oxygen atom can be adsorbed on various sites of gold surfaces, and obtain nearly one electron from gold atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun-Lei Ding
- Department of Mathematics and Physics
- North China Electric Power University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Heng-Lu Liao
- Department of Mathematics and Physics
- North China Electric Power University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Mathematics and Physics
- North China Electric Power University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
- Research Center for Ecological Engineering and Nonlinear Science
| | - Yi-Ming Chen
- Department of Mathematics and Physics
- North China Electric Power University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Mathematics and Physics
- North China Electric Power University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Ya-Ya Wang
- Department of Mathematics and Physics
- North China Electric Power University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Hua-Yong Zhang
- Department of Mathematics and Physics
- North China Electric Power University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
- Research Center for Ecological Engineering and Nonlinear Science
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18
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Zamudio-Bayer V, Hirsch K, Langenberg A, Ławicki A, Terasaki A, v. Issendorff B, Lau JT. Electronic ground states of Fe2+ and Co2+ as determined by x-ray absorption and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:244318. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4939078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- V. Zamudio-Bayer
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - K. Hirsch
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - A. Langenberg
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - A. Ławicki
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - A. Terasaki
- Cluster Research Laboratory, Toyota Technological Institute, 717-86 Futamata, Ichikawa, Chiba 272-0001, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - B. v. Issendorff
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - J. T. Lau
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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19
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Zhao YR, Zhang HR, Qian Y, Duan XC, Hu YF. Probing the structural and electronic properties of cationic rubidium–gold clusters: [AunRb]+ (n = 1–10). Mol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2015.1118571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ru Zhao
- Institute of Physics and Optoelectronics Technology, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, China
| | - Hai-Rong Zhang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, China
| | - Yu Qian
- Institute of Physics and Optoelectronics Technology, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, China
| | - Xu-Chao Duan
- Institute of Physics and Optoelectronics Technology, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, China
| | - Yan-Fei Hu
- Institute of Science, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
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20
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Zamudio-Bayer V, Hirsch K, Langenberg A, Kossick M, Ławicki A, Terasaki A, v. Issendorff B, Lau JT. Direct observation of high-spin states in manganese dimer and trimer cations by x-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy in an ion trap. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:234301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4922487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- V. Zamudio-Bayer
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - K. Hirsch
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - A. Langenberg
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Kossick
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - A. Ławicki
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - A. Terasaki
- Cluster Research Laboratory, Toyota Technological Institute, 717-86 Futamata, Ichikawa, Chiba 272-0001, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - B. v. Issendorff
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - J. T. Lau
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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