1
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Triggiani D, Tamma V. Estimation with Ultimate Quantum Precision of the Transverse Displacement between Two Photons via Two-Photon Interference Sampling Measurements. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:180802. [PMID: 38759164 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.180802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
We present a quantum sensing scheme achieving the ultimate quantum sensitivity in the estimation of the transverse displacement between two photons interfering at a balanced beam splitter, based on transverse-momentum sampling measurements at the output. This scheme can possibly lead to enhanced high-precision nanoscopic techniques, such as superresolved single-molecule localization microscopy with quantum dots, by circumventing the requirements in standard direct imaging of camera resolution at the diffraction limit, and of highly magnifying objectives. Interestingly, we show that our interferometric technique achieves the ultimate spatial precision in nature irrespectively of the overlap of the two displaced photonic wave packets, while its precision is only reduced of a constant factor for photons differing in any nonspatial degrees of freedom. This opens a new research paradigm based on the interface between spatially resolved quantum interference and quantum-enhanced spatial sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Triggiani
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3QL, United Kingdom
| | - Vincenzo Tamma
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3QL, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, United Kingdom
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2
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Yard P, Jones AE, Paesani S, Maïnos A, Bulmer JFF, Laing A. On-Chip Quantum Information Processing with Distinguishable Photons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:150602. [PMID: 38682995 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.150602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Multiphoton interference is at the heart of photonic quantum technologies. Arrays of integrated cavities can support bright sources of single photons with high purity and small footprint, but the inevitable spectral distinguishability between photons generated from nonidentical cavities is an obstacle to scaling. In principle, this problem can be alleviated by measuring photons with high timing resolution, which erases spectral information through the time-energy uncertainty relation. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that detection can be implemented with a temporal resolution sufficient to interfere photons detuned on the scales necessary for cavity-based integrated photon sources. By increasing the effective timing resolution of the system from 200 to 20 ps, we observe a 20% increase in the visibility of quantum interference between independent photons from integrated microring resonator sources that are detuned by 6.8 GHz. We go on to show how time-resolved detection of nonideal photons can be used to improve the fidelity of an entangling operation and to mitigate the reduction of computational complexity in boson sampling experiments. These results pave the way for photonic quantum information processing with many photon sources without the need for active alignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Yard
- Quantum Engineering and Technology Laboratories, School of Physics and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Alex E Jones
- Quantum Engineering and Technology Laboratories, School of Physics and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Stefano Paesani
- Quantum Engineering and Technology Laboratories, School of Physics and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Center for Hybrid Quantum Networks (Hy-Q), Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexandre Maïnos
- Quantum Engineering and Technology Laboratories, School of Physics and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob F F Bulmer
- Quantum Engineering and Technology Laboratories, School of Physics and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Laing
- Quantum Engineering and Technology Laboratories, School of Physics and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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3
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Jones AE, Menssen AJ, Chrzanowski HM, Wolterink TAW, Shchesnovich VS, Walmsley IA. Multiparticle Interference of Pairwise Distinguishable Photons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:123603. [PMID: 33016763 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.123603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
One of the central principles of quantum mechanics is that if there are multiple paths that lead to the same event and there is no way to distinguish between them, interference occurs. It is often assumed that distinguishing information in the preparation, evolution, or measurement of a system is sufficient to destroy interference. However, it is still possible for photons in distinguishable, separable states to interfere due to the indistinguishability of paths corresponding to possible exchange processes. Here we experimentally measure an interference signal that depends only on the multiparticle interference of four photons in a four-port interferometer despite pairs of them occupying distinguishable states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex E Jones
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian J Menssen
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M Chrzanowski
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Tom A W Wolterink
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Valery S Shchesnovich
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09210-170, Brazil
| | - Ian A Walmsley
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
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4
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Kim Y, Hong KH, Kim YH, Huh J. Connection between BosonSampling with quantum and classical input states. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:6929-6936. [PMID: 32225930 DOI: 10.1364/oe.384973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BosonSampling is a problem of sampling events according to the transition probabilities of indistinguishable photons in a linear optical network. Computational hardness of BosonSampling depends on photon-number statistics of the input light. BosonSampling with multi-photon Fock states at the input is believed to be classically intractable but there exists an efficient classical algorithm for classical input states. In this paper, we present a mathematical connection between BosonSampling with quantum and classical light inputs. Specifically, we show that the generating function of a transition probability for Fock-state BosonSampling (FBS) can be expressed as a transition probability of thermal-light inputs. The closed-form expression of a thermal-light transition probability allows all possible transition probabilities of FBS to be obtained by calculating a single matrix permanent. Moreover, the transition probability of FBS is shown to be expressed as an integral involving a Gaussian function multiplied by a Laguerre polynomial, resulting in a fast oscillating integrand. Our work sheds new light on computational hardness of FBS by identifying the mathematical connection between BosonSampling with quantum and classical light.
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5
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Duan ZC, Deng YH, Yu Y, Chen S, Qin J, Wang H, Ding X, Peng LC, Schneider C, Wang DW, Höfling S, Dowling JP, Lu CY, Pan JW. Quantum Beat between Sunlight and Single Photons. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:152-157. [PMID: 31841348 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate fourth-order quantum beat between sunlight and single photons from a quantum dot. With a fast time-resolved detection system, we observed high-visibility quantum beat between the independent photons of different frequencies from the two astronomically separated light sources. The temporal dynamics of the beat oscillation indicate the coherent behavior of the interfering photons, and the raw visibility of two-photon interference shows violation of the classical limit with a frequency mismatch of three-times the line width.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Chen Duan
- Shanghai Branch, Department of Modern Physics and National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , Shanghai 201315 , China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Yu-Hao Deng
- Shanghai Branch, Department of Modern Physics and National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , Shanghai 201315 , China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Ying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, School of Physics , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510275 , China
| | - Si Chen
- Shanghai Branch, Department of Modern Physics and National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , Shanghai 201315 , China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Jian Qin
- Shanghai Branch, Department of Modern Physics and National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , Shanghai 201315 , China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Hui Wang
- Shanghai Branch, Department of Modern Physics and National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , Shanghai 201315 , China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Xing Ding
- Shanghai Branch, Department of Modern Physics and National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , Shanghai 201315 , China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Li-Chao Peng
- Shanghai Branch, Department of Modern Physics and National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , Shanghai 201315 , China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Christian Schneider
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institüt and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen-Center for Complex Material Systems , Universitat Würzburg , Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Da-Wei Wang
- Department of Physics , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310027 , China
| | - Sven Höfling
- Shanghai Branch, Department of Modern Physics and National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , Shanghai 201315 , China
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institüt and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen-Center for Complex Material Systems , Universitat Würzburg , Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg , Germany
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy , University of St. Andrews , St. Andrews KY16 9SS , United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan P Dowling
- Shanghai Branch, Department of Modern Physics and National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , Shanghai 201315 , China
- Hearne Institute for Theoretical Physics and Department of Physics and Astronomy , Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge , Louisiana 70803 , United States
- NYU-ECNU Institute for Physics at NYU Shanghai , Shanghai 200062 , China
| | - Chao-Yang Lu
- Shanghai Branch, Department of Modern Physics and National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , Shanghai 201315 , China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Shanghai Branch, Department of Modern Physics and National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , Shanghai 201315 , China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
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6
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Orre VV, Goldschmidt EA, Deshpande A, Gorshkov AV, Tamma V, Hafezi M, Mittal S. Interference of Temporally Distinguishable Photons Using Frequency-Resolved Detection. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:123603. [PMID: 31633982 PMCID: PMC8489807 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.123603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate quantum interference of three photons that are distinguishable in time by resolving them in the conjugate parameter frequency. We show that the multiphoton interference pattern in our setup can be manipulated by tuning the relative delays between the photons, without the need for reconfiguring the optical network. Furthermore, we observe that the symmetries of our optical network and the spectral amplitude of the input photons are manifested in the interference pattern. We also demonstrate time-reversed Hong-Ou-Mandel-like interference in the spectral correlations using time-bin entangled photon pairs. By adding a time-varying dispersion using a phase modulator, our setup can be used to realize dynamically reconfigurable and scalable boson sampling in the time domain as well as frequency-resolved multiboson correlation sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Vikram Orre
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and IREAP, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Goldschmidt
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, USA
| | - Abhinav Deshpande
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Alexey V. Gorshkov
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Vincenzo Tamma
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3QL, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Hafezi
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and IREAP, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Sunil Mittal
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and IREAP, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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7
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Rambach M, Lau WYS, Laibacher S, Tamma V, White AG, Weinhold TJ. Hectometer Revivals of Quantum Interference. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:093603. [PMID: 30230888 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.093603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cavity-enhanced single photon sources exhibit mode-locked biphoton states with comblike correlation functions. Our ultrabright source additionally emits single photon pairs as well as two-photon NOON states, dividing the output into an even and an odd comb, respectively. With even-comb photons we demonstrate revivals of the typical nonclassical Hong-Ou-Mandel interference up to the 84th dip, corresponding to a path length difference exceeding 100 m. With odd-comb photons we observe single photon interference fringes modulated over twice the displacement range of the Hong-Ou-Mandel interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Rambach
- ARC Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - W Y Sarah Lau
- ARC Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - Simon Laibacher
- Institut für Quantenphysik and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQST), Universität Ulm, Ulm, Baden-Württemberg 89069, Germany
| | - Vincenzo Tamma
- Institut für Quantenphysik and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQST), Universität Ulm, Ulm, Baden-Württemberg 89069, Germany
- Faculty of Science, SEES and Institute of Cosmology & Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire PO1 2UP, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew G White
- ARC Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - Till J Weinhold
- ARC Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4067, Australia
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8
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Wang XJ, Jing B, Sun PF, Yang CW, Yu Y, Tamma V, Bao XH, Pan JW. Experimental Time-Resolved Interference with Multiple Photons of Different Colors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:080501. [PMID: 30192608 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.080501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Interference of multiple photons via a linear-optical network has profound applications for quantum foundation, quantum metrology, and quantum computation. Particularly, a boson sampling experiment with a moderate number of photons becomes intractable even for the most powerful classical computers. Scaling up from small-scale experiments requires highly indistinguishable single photons, which may be prohibited for many physical systems. Here we report a time-resolved multiphoton interference experiment by using photons not overlapping in their frequency spectra from three atomic-ensemble quantum memories. Time-resolved measurement enables us to observe nonclassical multiphoton correlation landscapes, which agree well with theoretical calculations. Symmetries in the landscapes are identified to reflect symmetries of the optical network. Our experiment can be further extended to realize boson sampling with many photons and plenty of modes, which thus may provide a route towards quantum supremacy with nonidentical photons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Jie Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS-Alibaba Quantum Computing Laboratory, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Bo Jing
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS-Alibaba Quantum Computing Laboratory, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Peng-Fei Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS-Alibaba Quantum Computing Laboratory, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Chao-Wei Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS-Alibaba Quantum Computing Laboratory, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Yong Yu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS-Alibaba Quantum Computing Laboratory, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Vincenzo Tamma
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3QL, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cosmology & Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, United Kingdom
| | - Xiao-Hui Bao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS-Alibaba Quantum Computing Laboratory, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS-Alibaba Quantum Computing Laboratory, Shanghai 201315, China
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9
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Bell BA, Eggleton BJ. Multiphoton Interference in the Spectral Domain by Direct Heralding of Frequency Superposition States. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:033601. [PMID: 30085805 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.033601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiphoton interference is central to photonic quantum information processing and quantum simulation, usually requiring multiple sources of nonclassical light followed by a unitary transformation on their modes. We observe interference in the four-photon events generated by a single silicon waveguide, where the different modes are six frequency channels. Rather than requiring a unitary transformation, the frequency correlations of the source are configured such that photons are generated in superposition states across multiple channels, and interference effects can be seen without further manipulation. The frequency correlations of the source also mean that it is effectively acting as multiple pair photon sources, generating photons in different spectral modes, which interfere with each other in a nontrivial manner. This suggests joint spectral engineering is a tool for controlling complex quantum photonic states without the difficulty of implementing spatially separate sources or a large unitary interferometer, which could have practical benefits in various applications of multiphoton interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryn A Bell
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Institute of Photonics and Optical Science (IPOS), School of Physics, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Eggleton
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Institute of Photonics and Optical Science (IPOS), School of Physics, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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10
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D'Angelo M, Mazzilli A, Pepe FV, Garuccio A, Tamma V. Characterization of two distant double-slits by chaotic light second-order interference. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2247. [PMID: 28533523 PMCID: PMC5440408 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02236-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the experimental characterization of two distant double-slit masks illuminated by chaotic light, in the absence of first-order imaging and interference. The scheme exploits second-order interference of light propagating through two indistinguishable pairs of disjoint optical paths passing through the masks of interest. The proposed technique leads to a deeper understanding of biphoton interference and coherence, and opens the way to the development of novel schemes for retrieving information on the relative position and the spatial structure of distant objects, which is of interest in remote sensing, biomedical imaging, as well as monitoring of laser ablation, when first-order imaging and interference are not feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena D'Angelo
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Bari, I-70126, Bari, Italy.
- Instituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare, sezione di Bari, I-70126, Bari, Italy.
- Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (INO-CNR), I-50125, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Aldo Mazzilli
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Bari, I-70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco V Pepe
- Instituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare, sezione di Bari, I-70126, Bari, Italy
- Museo storico della fisica e centro studi e ricerche "Enrico Fermi", I-00184, Roma, Italy
| | - Augusto Garuccio
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Bari, I-70126, Bari, Italy
- Instituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare, sezione di Bari, I-70126, Bari, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (INO-CNR), I-50125, Firenze, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tamma
- Institut für Quantenphysik and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQST), Universität Ulm, D-89069, Ulm, Germany.
- Institute of Cosmology & Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Dennis Sciama Building, Burnaby Road, PO1 3FX, Portsmouth, United Kingdom.
- Faculty of Science, SEES, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3QL, United Kingdom.
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11
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Cassano M, D'angelo M, Garuccio A, Peng T, Shih Y, Tamma V. Spatial interference between pairs of disjoint optical paths with a single chaotic source. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:6589-6603. [PMID: 28381006 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.006589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a novel second-order spatial interference effect between two indistinguishable pairs of disjoint optical paths from a single chaotic source. Beside providing a deeper understanding of the physics of multi-photon interference and coherence, the effect enables retrieving information on both the spatial structure and the relative position of two distant double-pinhole masks, in the absence of first order coherence. We also demonstrate the exploitation of the phenomenon for simulating quantum logic gates, including a controlled-NOT gate operation.
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12
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Rigovacca L, Di Franco C, Metcalf BJ, Walmsley IA, Kim MS. Nonclassicality Criteria in Multiport Interferometry. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:213602. [PMID: 27911519 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.213602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Interference lies at the heart of the behavior of classical and quantum light. It is thus crucial to understand the boundaries between which interference patterns can be explained by a classical electromagnetic description of light and which, on the other hand, can only be understood with a proper quantum mechanical approach. While the case of two-mode interference has received a lot of attention, the multimode case has not yet been fully explored. Here we study a general scenario of intensity interferometry: we derive a bound on the average correlations between pairs of output intensities for the classical wavelike model of light, and we show how it can be violated in a quantum framework. As a consequence, this violation acts as a nonclassicality witness, able to detect the presence of sources with sub-Poissonian photon-number statistics. We also develop a criterion that can certify the impossibility of dividing a given interferometer into two independent subblocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rigovacca
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - C Di Franco
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
- Complexity Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637723, Singapore
| | - B J Metcalf
- Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - I A Walmsley
- Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - M S Kim
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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13
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Peng T, Tamma V, Shih Y. Experimental controlled-NOT gate simulation with thermal light. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30152. [PMID: 27439330 PMCID: PMC4954974 DOI: 10.1038/srep30152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a recent experimental simulation of a controlled-NOT gate operation based on polarization correlation measurements of thermal fields in photon-number fluctuations. The interference between pairs of correlated paths at the very heart of these experiments has the potential for the simulation of correlations between a larger number of qubits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Peng
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, Department of Physics, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
| | - Vincenzo Tamma
- Universität Ulm, Institut für Quantenphysik and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQST), Ulm, D-89069, Germany
| | - Yanhua Shih
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, Department of Physics, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
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