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Kyriienko O, Krizhanovskii DN, Shelykh IA. Nonlinear Quantum Optics with Trion Polaritons in 2D Monolayers: Conventional and Unconventional Photon Blockade. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:197402. [PMID: 33216594 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.197402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We study a 2D system of trion polaritons at the quantum level and demonstrate that for monolayer semiconductors they can exhibit a strongly nonlinear optical response. The effect is due to the composite nature of trion-based excitations resulting in their nontrivial quantum statistical properties, and enhanced phase space filling effects. We present the full quantum theory to describe the statistics of trion polaritons, and demonstrate that the associated nonlinearity persists at the level of few quanta, where two qualitatively different regimes of photon antibunching are present for weak and strong single photon-trion coupling. We find that single photon emission from trion polaritons becomes experimentally feasible in state-of-the-art transition metal dichalcogenide setups. This can foster the development of quantum polaritonics using 2D monolayers as a material platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Kyriienko
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QL, United Kingdom
| | - D N Krizhanovskii
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - I A Shelykh
- Department of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi-3, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
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Sich M, Chana JK, Egorov OA, Sigurdsson H, Shelykh IA, Skryabin DV, Walker PM, Clarke E, Royall B, Skolnick MS, Krizhanovskii DN. Transition from Propagating Polariton Solitons to a Standing Wave Condensate Induced by Interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:167402. [PMID: 29756939 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.167402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We explore phase transitions of polariton wave packets, first, to a soliton and then to a standing wave polariton condensate in a multimode microwire system, mediated by nonlinear polariton interactions. At low excitation density, we observe ballistic propagation of the multimode polariton wave packets arising from the interference between different transverse modes. With increasing excitation density, the wave packets transform into single-mode bright solitons due to effects of both intermodal and intramodal polariton-polariton scattering. Further increase of the excitation density increases thermalization speed, leading to relaxation of the polariton density from a solitonic spectrum distribution in momentum space down to low momenta, with the resultant formation of a nonequilibrium condensate manifested by a standing wave pattern across the whole sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - J K Chana
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
- Base4 Innovation, Ltd., Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom
| | - O A Egorov
- Technische Physik der Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - H Sigurdsson
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi-3, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - I A Shelykh
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi-3, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - D V Skryabin
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - P M Walker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - E Clarke
- EPSRC National Centre for III-V Technologies, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DE, United Kingdom
| | - B Royall
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - M S Skolnick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - D N Krizhanovskii
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
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Chen TW, Cheng SC. Polariton solitons and nonlinear localized states in a one-dimensional semiconductor microcavity. Phys Rev E 2018; 97:012218. [PMID: 29448428 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.97.012218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents numerical studies of cavity polariton solitons (CPSs) in a resonantly pumped semiconductor microcavity with an imbedded spatial defect. In the bistable regime of the well-known homogeneous polariton condensate, with proper incident wave vector and pump strength, bright and/or dark cavity solitons can be found in the presence of a spatially confined potential. The minimum pump strength required to observe the CPSs or nonlinear localized states in this parametric pump scheme is therefore reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Wei Chen
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Szu-Cheng Cheng
- Department of Optoelectric Physics, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Backward Cherenkov radiation emitted by polariton solitons in a microcavity wire. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1554. [PMID: 29146904 PMCID: PMC5691178 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01751-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Exciton-polaritons in semiconductor microcavities form a highly nonlinear platform to study a variety of effects interfacing optical, condensed matter, quantum and statistical physics. We show that the complex polariton patterns generated by picosecond pulses in microcavity wire waveguides can be understood as the Cherenkov radiation emitted by bright polariton solitons, which is enabled by the unique microcavity polariton dispersion, which has momentum intervals with positive and negative group velocities. Unlike in optical fibres and semiconductor waveguides, we observe that the microcavity wire Cherenkov radiation is predominantly emitted with negative group velocity and therefore propagates backwards relative to the propagation direction of the emitting soliton. We have developed a theory of the microcavity wire polariton solitons and of their Cherenkov radiation and conducted a series of experiments, where we have measured polariton-soliton pulse compression, pulse breaking and emission of the backward Cherenkov radiation.
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