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An S, Li X, Guo Z, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Jiang H. Energy-efficient dynamic 3D metasurfaces via spatiotemporal jamming interleaved assemblies for tactile interfaces. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7340. [PMID: 39187536 PMCID: PMC11347642 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51865-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Inspired by the natural shape-morphing abilities of biological organisms, we introduce a strategy for creating energy-efficient dynamic 3D metasurfaces through spatiotemporal jamming of interleaved assemblies. Our approach, diverging from traditional shape-morphing techniques reliant on continuous energy inputs, utilizes strategically jammed, paper-based interleaved assemblies. By rapidly altering their stiffness at various spatial points and temporal phases during the relaxation of the soft substrate through jamming, we enable the formation of refreshable, intricate 3D shapes with a desirable load-bearing capability. This process, which does not require ongoing energy consumption, ensures energy-efficient and lasting shape displays. Our theoretical model, linking buckling deformation to residual pre-strain, underpins the inverse design process for an array of interleaved assemblies, facilitating the creation of diverse 3D configurations. This metasurface holds notable potential for tactile displays, particularly for the visually impaired, heralding possibilities in visual impaired education, haptic feedback, and virtual/augmented reality applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi An
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
- Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China
| | - Xiaowen Li
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
- Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China
| | - Zengrong Guo
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Yi Huang
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Yanlin Zhang
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
- Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China
| | - Hanqing Jiang
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China.
- Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China.
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China.
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2
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Yoshida K, Wada H. Indentation of an elastic arch on a frictional substrate: Pinning, unfolding, and snapping. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:045001. [PMID: 38755807 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.045001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the morphology and mechanics of a naturally curved elastic arch loaded at its center and frictionally supported at both ends on a flat, rigid substrate. Through systematic numerical simulations, we classify the observed behaviors of the arch into three configurations in terms of the arch geometry and the coefficient of static friction with the substrate. A linear theory is developed based on a planar elastica model combined with Amontons-Coulomb's frictional law, which quantitatively explains the numerically constructed phase diagram. The snapping transition of a loaded arch in a sufficiently large indentation regime, which involves a discontinuous force jump, is numerically observed. The proposed model problem enables a fully analytical investigation and demonstrates a rich variety of mechanical behaviors owing to the interplay among elasticity, geometry, and friction. This study provides a basis for understanding more common but complex systems, such as a cylindrical shell subjected to a concentrated load and simultaneously supported by frictional contact with surrounding objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Yoshida
- Department of Physical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Wada
- Department of Physical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
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3
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Sivasundarampillai J, Youssef L, Priemel T, Mikulin S, Eren ED, Zaslansky P, Jehle F, Harrington MJ. A strong quick-release biointerface in mussels mediated by serotonergic cilia-based adhesion. Science 2023; 382:829-834. [PMID: 37972188 DOI: 10.1126/science.adi7401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The mussel byssus stem provides a strong and compact mechanically mismatched biointerface between living tissue and a nonliving biopolymer. Yet, in a poorly understood process, mussels can simply jettison their entire byssus, rebuilding a new one in just hours. We characterized the structure and composition of the byssus biointerface using histology, confocal Raman mapping, phase contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography, and advanced electron microscopy, revealing a sophisticated junction consisting of abiotic biopolymer sheets interdigitated between living extracellular matrix. The sheet surfaces are in intimate adhesive contact with billions of motile epithelial cilia that control biointerface strength and stem release through their collective movement, which is regulated neurochemically. We posit that this may involve a complex sensory pathway by which sessile mussels respond to environmental stresses to release and relocate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenaes Sivasundarampillai
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Lucia Youssef
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Tobias Priemel
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Sydney Mikulin
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - E Deniz Eren
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Paul Zaslansky
- Department for Operative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 14197, Germany
| | - Franziska Jehle
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Matthew J Harrington
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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Guerra A, Slim AC, Holmes DP, Kodio O. Self-Ordering of Buckling, Bending, and Bumping Beams. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:148201. [PMID: 37084420 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.148201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A collection of thin structures buckle, bend, and bump into each other when confined. This contact can lead to the formation of patterns: hair will self-organize in curls; DNA strands will layer into cell nuclei; paper, when crumpled, will fold in on itself, forming a maze of interleaved sheets. This pattern formation changes how densely the structures can pack, as well as the mechanical properties of the system. How and when these patterns form, as well as the force required to pack these structures is not currently understood. Here we study the emergence of order in a canonical example of packing in slender structures, i.e., a system of parallel confined elastic beams. Using tabletop experiments, simulations, and standard theory from statistical mechanics, we predict the amount of confinement (growth or compression) of the beams that will guarantee a global system order, which depends only on the initial geometry of the system. Furthermore, we find that the compressive stiffness and stored bending energy of this metamaterial are directly proportional to the number of beams that are geometrically frustrated at any given point. We expect these results to elucidate the mechanisms leading to pattern formation in these kinds of systems and to provide a new mechanical metamaterial, with a tunable resistance to compressive force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Guerra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Anja C Slim
- School of Mathematics, Monash University, Clayton Victoria 3800, Australia
- School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, Monash University, Clayton Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Douglas P Holmes
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Ousmane Kodio
- Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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5
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Seguin A, Crassous J. Twist-Controlled Force Amplification and Spinning Tension Transition in Yarn. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:078002. [PMID: 35244412 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.078002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Combining experiments and numerical simulations with a mechanical-statistical model of twisted yarns, we discuss the spinning transition between a cohesionless assembly of fibers into a yarn. We show that this transition is continuous but very sharp due to a giant amplification of frictional forces which scales as expθ^{2}, where θ is the twist angle. We demonstrate that this transition is controlled solely by a nondimensional number H involving twist, friction coefficient, and geometric lengths. A critical value of this number H_{c}≃30 can be linked to a locking of the fibers together as the tensile strength is reached. This critical value imposes that yarns must be very slender structures with a given pitch. It also induces the existence of an optimal yarn radius. Predictions of our theory are successfully compared to yarns made from natural cotton fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Seguin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, FAST, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Jérôme Crassous
- Université Rennes, CNRS, IPR (Institut de Physique de Rennes)-UMR 6251, F-35000 Rennes, France
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Sugimura N, Khajeh K, Washizu H. Solid Lubricants of Combined Graphene and Iron Nanoparticles for Study of Friction and Stability. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:1860-1868. [PMID: 35073102 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c03075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on designing solid lubricant particles by combining graphene and iron nanoparticles (namely, graphene-iron (GI) particles) and carrying out studies for behaviors of their lubrication for the iron contact by molecular dynamics simulations. By the annealing process of melting and cooling iron, we can create the lubricant particle, where the iron nanoparticle tightly holds the graphene sheet. In the sliding friction investigations, it is found that the influences of orientation of the graphene sheets inside the contact, size and configuration of the GI particles, and lubrication with the bare iron nanoparticles on friction are strong at low pressure and very slight at high pressure. The GI particles provide stability of the friction coefficient over a wide range of pressure; however, it strongly increases with pressure in the lubrication behaviors by the bare iron particles due to the deformation of the particles. The iron contact in the presence of the GI particles can achieve the ultralow values of the friction coefficient from 0.009 to 0.042. The contact surfaces are not nearly damaged (slightly elastic deformation) with the pressure up to 2.0 GPa. From the comparisons between the results in this study and previous reports, the GI particles have better lubrication than graphene coated on a surface and well stabilize under pressure compared to the different lubricant nanoparticles. The main reason for this is due to the contributions of graphene, besides reduction of the contact area resulted from the configuration of the nanoparticle, which promotes sliding and sharing of the pressure, preventing collision between the lubricant particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuko Sugimura
- Graduate School of Information Science, University of Hyogo, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
- Advanced Research Laboratories, Tokyo City University, 1-28-1 Tamazutsumi, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8557, Japan
| | - Kosar Khajeh
- Graduate School of Information Science, University of Hyogo, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Washizu
- Graduate School of Information Science, University of Hyogo, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, 1-30 GoryoOhara, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8245, Japan
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7
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Poincloux S, Chen T, Audoly B, Reis PM. Bending Response of a Book with Internal Friction. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:218004. [PMID: 34114832 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.218004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We study the bending of a booklike system, comprising a stack of elastic plates coupled through friction. The behavior of this layered system is rich and nontrivial, with a nonadditive enhancement of the apparent stiffness and a significant hysteretic response. A dimension reduction procedure is employed to develop a centerline-based theory describing the stack as a nonlinear planar rod with internal shear. We consider the coupling between the nonlinear geometry and the elasticity of the stacked plates, treating the interlayer friction perturbatively. This model yields predictions for the stack's mechanical response in three-point bending that are in excellent agreement with our experiments. Remarkably, we find that the energy dissipated during deformation can be rationalized over 3 orders of magnitude, including the regimes of a thick stack with large deflection. This robust dissipative mechanism could be harnessed to design new classes of low-cost and efficient damping devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Poincloux
- Flexible Structures Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Tian Chen
- Flexible Structures Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Basile Audoly
- Laboratoire de Mécanique des Solides, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau 91128, France
| | - Pedro M Reis
- Flexible Structures Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
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Taub R, Salez T, Alarcòn H, Raphaël É, Poulard C, Restagno F. Nonlinear amplification of adhesion forces in interleaved books. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2021; 44:71. [PMID: 34047866 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-021-00068-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It is nearly impossible to separate two interleaved phonebooks by pulling their spines. The very slight force exerted by the outer sheets of the assembly is amplified as the exponential of the square of the number of sheets, meaning that even a small number of sheets can create a highly resistant system. We present a systematic and detailed study of the influences of the normal external force and the geometrical parameters of the booklets on the assembly strength. We conclude that the paper-paper adhesion force between the two outer sheets, on the order of a few [Formula: see text], is the one amplified by the interleaved-book system. The two-phonebook experiment-which has attracted the attention of students and the non-scientific public all around the world as an outstanding demonstration of the strength of friction-appears to also be a spectacular macroscopic manifestation of the microscopic coupling of friction and adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaelle Taub
- Laboratoire de physique des solides, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Thomas Salez
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, LOMA, UMR 5798, 33405, Talence, France
- Global Station for Soft Matter, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0808, Japan
| | - Hector Alarcòn
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Universidad de O'Higgins, Rancagua, Chile
| | - Élie Raphaël
- UMR CNRS 7083 Gulliver, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Poulard
- Laboratoire de physique des solides, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.
| | - Frédéric Restagno
- Laboratoire de physique des solides, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
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9
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Warren PB, Ball RC, Goldstein RE. Why Clothes Don't Fall Apart: Tension Transmission in Staple Yarns. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:158001. [PMID: 29756870 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.158001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The problem of how staple yarns transmit tension is addressed within abstract models in which the Amontons-Coulomb friction laws yield a linear programing (LP) problem for the tensions in the fiber elements. We find there is a percolation transition such that above the percolation threshold the transmitted tension is in principle unbounded. We determine that the mean slack in the LP constraints is a suitable order parameter to characterize this supercritical state. We argue the mechanism is generic, and in practical terms, it corresponds to a switch from a ductile to a brittle failure mode accompanied by a significant increase in mechanical strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick B Warren
- Unilever R&D Port Sunlight, Quarry Road East, Bebington, Wirral CH63 3JW, United Kingdom
| | - Robin C Ball
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Raymond E Goldstein
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom
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10
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Sano TG, Yamaguchi T, Wada H. Slip Morphology of Elastic Strips on Frictional Rigid Substrates. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:178001. [PMID: 28498704 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.178001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The morphology of an elastic strip subject to vertical compressive stress on a frictional rigid substrate is investigated by a combination of theory and experiment. We find a rich variety of morphologies, which-when the bending elasticity dominates over the effect of gravity-are classified into three distinct types of states: pinned, partially slipped, and completely slipped, depending on the magnitude of the vertical strain and the coefficient of static friction. We develop a theory of elastica under mixed clamped-hinged boundary conditions combined with the Coulomb-Amontons friction law and find excellent quantitative agreement with simulations and controlled physical experiments. We also discuss the effect of gravity in order to bridge the difference in the qualitative behaviors of stiff strips and flexible strings or ropes. Our study thus complements recent work on elastic rope coiling and takes a significant step towards establishing a unified understanding of how a thin elastic object interacts vertically with a solid surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko G Sano
- Department of Physical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Yamaguchi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Wada
- Department of Physical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
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