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Navarathna A, Bennett JS, Bowen WP. Continuous Optical-to-Mechanical Quantum State Transfer in the Unresolved Sideband Regime. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:263603. [PMID: 37450795 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.263603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Optical-to-mechanical quantum state transfer is an important capability for future quantum networks, quantum communication, and distributed quantum sensing. However, existing continuous state transfer protocols operate in the resolved sideband regime, necessitating a high-quality optical cavity and a high mechanical resonance frequency. Here, we propose a continuous protocol that operates in the unresolved sideband regime. The protocol is based on feedback cooling, can be implemented with current technology, and is able to transfer non-Gaussian quantum states with high fidelity. Our protocol significantly expands the kinds of optomechanical devices for which continuous optical-to-mechanical state transfer is possible, paving the way toward quantum technological applications and the preparation of macroscopic superpositions to test the fundamentals of quantum science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Navarathna
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - James S Bennett
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Centre for Quantum Dynamics, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Warwick P Bowen
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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2
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Hauer BD, Combes J, Teufel JD. Nonlinear Sideband Cooling to a Cat State of Motion. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:213604. [PMID: 37295107 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.213604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The ability to prepare a macroscopic mechanical resonator into a quantum superposition state is an outstanding goal of cavity optomechanics. Here, we propose a technique to generate cat states of motion using the intrinsic nonlinearity of a dispersive optomechanical interaction. By applying a bichromatic drive to an optomechanical cavity, our protocol enhances the inherent second-order processes of the system, inducing the requisite two-phonon dissipation. We show that this nonlinear sideband cooling technique can dissipatively engineer a mechanical resonator into a cat state, which we verify using the full Hamiltonian and an adiabatically reduced model. While the fidelity of the cat state is maximized in the single-photon, strong-coupling regime, we demonstrate that Wigner negativity persists even for weak coupling. Finally, we show that our cat state generation protocol is robust to significant thermal decoherence of the mechanical mode, indicating that such a procedure may be feasible for near-term experimental systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- B D Hauer
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - J Combes
- Department of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - J D Teufel
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
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3
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Del Pino J, Zilberberg O. Dynamical Gauge Fields with Bosonic Codes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:171901. [PMID: 37172225 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.171901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The quantum simulation of dynamical gauge field theories offers the opportunity to study complex high-energy physics with controllable low-energy devices. For quantum computation, bosonic codes promise robust error correction that exploits multiparticle redundancy in bosons. Here, we demonstrate how bosonic codes can be used to simulate dynamical gauge fields. We encode both matter and dynamical gauge fields in a network of resonators that are coupled via three-wave mixing. The mapping to a Z_{2} dynamical lattice gauge theory is established when the gauge resonators operate as Schrödinger cat states. We explore the optimal conditions under which the system preserves the required gauge symmetries. Our findings promote realizing high-energy models using bosonic codes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Del Pino
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Oded Zilberberg
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
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Mahmood KT, Hasan MA. Experimental demonstration of classical analogous time-dependent superposition of states. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22580. [PMID: 36585446 PMCID: PMC9803682 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27239-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the quantum theory concepts on which quantum information processing stands is superposition. Here we provide experimental evidence for the existence of classical analogues to the coherent superposition of energy states, which is made possible by the Hertz-type nonlinearity of the granules together with the external driving field. The granules' nonlinear vibrations are projected into the linear modes of vibration, which depend on one another through the phase and form a coherent superposition. We show that the amplitudes of the coherent states form the components of a state vector that spans a two-dimensional Hilbert space, and time enables the system to span its Hilbert space parametrically. Thus, the superposition of states can be exploited in two-state quantum-like computations without decoherence and wave function collapse. Finally, we demonstrate the experimental realization of applying a reversible Hadamard gate to a pure base state that brings the state into a superposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazi T. Mahmood
- grid.254444.70000 0001 1456 7807Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202 USA
| | - M. Arif Hasan
- grid.254444.70000 0001 1456 7807Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202 USA
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Satpathi U, Ray S, Vardi A. Chaos-assisted many-body tunnelling. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:L042204. [PMID: 36397523 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.l042204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We study the interplay of chaos and tunneling between two weakly coupled Bose-Josephson junctions. The classical phase space of the composite system has a mixed structure including quasi-integrable self-trapping islands for particles and excitations, separated by a chaotic sea. We show that the many-body dynamical tunneling gap between macroscopic Schrödinger cat states supported by these islands is chaos-enhanced. The many-body tunneling rate fluctuates over several orders of magnitude with small variations of the system parameters or the particle number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urbashi Satpathi
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Sayak Ray
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- Physikalisches Institut, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Nußallee 12, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Amichay Vardi
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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Yin TS, Jin GR, Chen A. Enhanced Phonon Antibunching in a Circuit Quantum Acoustodynamical System Containing Two Surface Acoustic Wave Resonators. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13040591. [PMID: 35457897 PMCID: PMC9027357 DOI: 10.3390/mi13040591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We propose a scheme to implement the phonon antibunching and phonon blockade in a circuit quantum acoustodynamical system containing two surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators coupled to a superconducting qubit. In the cases of driving only one SAW resonator and two SAW resonators, we investigate the phonon statistics by numerically calculating the second-order correlation function. It is found that, when only one SAW cavity is resonantly driven, the phonon antibunching effect can be achieved even when the qubit–phonon coupling strength is smaller than the decay rates of acoustic cavities. This result physically originates from the quantum interference between super-Poissonian statistics and Poissonian statistics of phonons. In particular, when the two SAW resonators are simultaneously driven under the mechanical resonant condition, the phonon antibunching effect can be significantly enhanced, which ultimately allows for the generation of a phonon blockade. Moreover, the obtained phonon blockade can be optimized by regulating the intensity ratio of the two SAW driving fields. In addition, we also discuss in detail the effect of system parameters on the phonon statistics. Our work provides an alternative way for manipulating and controlling the nonclassical effects of SAW phonons. It may inspire the engineering of new SAW-based phonon devices and extend their applications in quantum information processing.
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Gao YP, Wang C. Hybrid coupling optomechanical assisted nonreciprocal photon blockade. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:25161-25172. [PMID: 34614853 DOI: 10.1364/oe.431211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The properties of the open quantum system in quantum information is a science now extensively investigated more generally as a fundamental issue for a variety of applications. Usually, the states of the open quantum system might be disturbed by decoherence which will reduce the fidelity in the quantum information processing. So it is better to eliminate the influence of the environment. However, as part of the composite system, rational use of the environment system could be beneficial to quantum information processing. Here we theoretically studied the environment induced quantum nonlinearity and energy spectrum tuning method in the optomechanical system. And we found that the dissipation coupling of the hybrid dissipation and dispersion optomechanical system can induce the coupling between the environment and system in the cross-Kerr interaction form. When the symmetry is broken with a directional auxiliary field, the system exhibits the non-reciprocal behavior during the photon excitation and photon blockade for the clockwise and counterclockwise modes of the whispering gallery mode microcavity. Furthermore, we believe that the cross-Kerr coupling can be more widely used in quantum information processing and quantum simulation.
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Muhonen JT, La Gala GR, Leijssen R, Verhagen E. State Preparation and Tomography of a Nanomechanical Resonator with Fast Light Pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:113601. [PMID: 31573245 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.113601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pulsed optomechanical measurements enable squeezing, nonclassical state creation, and backaction-free sensing. We demonstrate pulsed measurement of a cryogenic nanomechanical resonator with record precision close to the quantum regime. We use these to prepare thermally squeezed and purified conditional mechanical states, and to perform full state tomography. These demonstrations exploit large vacuum optomechanical coupling in a nanophotonic cavity to reach a single-pulse imprecision of 9 times the mechanical zero-point amplitude x_{zpf}. We study the effect of other mechanical modes that limit the conditional state width to 58x_{zpf}, and show how decoherence causes the state to grow in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juha T Muhonen
- Center for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Physics and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Giada R La Gala
- Center for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rick Leijssen
- Center for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ewold Verhagen
- Center for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Xiong B, Li X, Chao SL, Yang Z, Zhang WZ, Zhou L. Generation of entangled Schrödinger cat state of two macroscopic mirrors. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:13547-13558. [PMID: 31052875 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.013547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We propose a scheme to generate the macroscopic entangled Schrödinger cat state of two mechanical resonators in a hybrid optomechanical system by introducing modulated photon-hopping interaction between two cavities. We show that the obtained entangled cat state possesses large average phonon number and the two base vectors of which are nearly orthogonal, thus causing the high degree of entanglement. To justify the robust of the scheme, the dissipation of the system and the noise from the environment are considered. It shows that the high fidelity between the obtained state and the target state can be achieved in the presence of dissipation and thermal noise within our parameter regions, which suggests that our state-generation proposal is feasible.
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Sánchez Muñoz C, Lara A, Puebla J, Nori F. Hybrid Systems for the Generation of Nonclassical Mechanical States via Quadratic Interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:123604. [PMID: 30296112 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.123604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present a method to implement two-phonon interactions between mechanical resonators and spin qubits in hybrid setups, and show that these systems can be applied for the generation of nonclassical mechanical states even in the presence of dissipation. In particular, we demonstrate that the implementation of a two-phonon Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian under coherent driving of the qubit yields a dissipative phase transition with similarities to the one predicted in the model of the degenerate parametric oscillator: beyond a certain threshold in the driving amplitude, the driven-dissipative system sustains a mixed steady state consisting of a "jumping cat," i.e., a cat state undergoing random jumps between two phases. We consider realistic setups and show that, in samples within reach of current technology, the system features nonclassical transient states, characterized by a negative Wigner function, that persist during timescales of fractions of a second.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Sánchez Muñoz
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Antonio Lara
- Dpto. Física Materia Condensada C03, Instituto Nicolas Cabrera (INC), Condensed Matter Physics Institute (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Puebla
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Franco Nori
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
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Michimura Y, Kuwahara Y, Ushiba T, Matsumoto N, Ando M. Optical levitation of a mirror for reaching the standard quantum limit. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:13799-13806. [PMID: 28788921 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.013799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We propose a new method to optically levitate a macroscopic mirror with two vertical Fabry-Pérot cavities linearly aligned. This configuration gives the simplest possible optical levitation in which the number of laser beams used is the minimum of two. We demonstrate that reaching the standard quantum limit (SQL) of a displacement measurement with our system is feasible with current technology. The cavity geometry and the levitated mirror parameters are designed to ensure that the Brownian vibration of the mirror surface is smaller than the SQL. Our scheme provides a promising tool for testing macroscopic quantum mechanics.
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Abstract
We consider transfer of a highly nonclassical quantum state through an optomechanical system. That is we investigate a protocol consisting of sequential upload, storage and reading out of the quantum state from a mechanical mode of an optomechanical system. We show that provided the input state is in a test-bed single-photon Fock state, the Wigner function of the recovered state can have negative values at the origin, which is a manifest of nonclassicality of the quantum state of the macroscopic mechanical mode and the overall transfer protocol itself. Moreover, we prove that the recovered state is quantum non-Gaussian for wide range of setup parameters. We verify that current electromechanical and optomechanical experiments can test this complete transfer of single photon.
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13
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Schäfermeier C, Kerdoncuff H, Hoff UB, Fu H, Huck A, Bilek J, Harris GI, Bowen WP, Gehring T, Andersen UL. Quantum enhanced feedback cooling of a mechanical oscillator using nonclassical light. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13628. [PMID: 27897181 PMCID: PMC5141296 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Laser cooling is a fundamental technique used in primary atomic frequency standards, quantum computers, quantum condensed matter physics and tests of fundamental physics, among other areas. It has been known since the early 1990s that laser cooling can, in principle, be improved by using squeezed light as an electromagnetic reservoir; while quantum feedback control using a squeezed light probe is also predicted to allow improved cooling. Here we show the implementation of quantum feedback control of a micro-mechanical oscillator using squeezed probe light. This allows quantum-enhanced feedback cooling with a measurement rate greater than it is possible with classical light, and a consequent reduction in the final oscillator temperature. Our results have significance for future applications in areas ranging from quantum information networks, to quantum-enhanced force and displacement measurements and fundamental tests of macroscopic quantum mechanics. Real-time quantum feedback control can be used to cool quantum systems to their motional ground states, but this has been so far achieved via classical probe fields. Here the authors report feedback cooling of a mechanical oscillator using a squeezed field, reporting higher cooling rate over classical light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Schäfermeier
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej 309, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hugo Kerdoncuff
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej 309, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ulrich B Hoff
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej 309, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hao Fu
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej 309, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Alexander Huck
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej 309, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jan Bilek
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej 309, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Glen I Harris
- Australian Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Warwick P Bowen
- Australian Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Tobias Gehring
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej 309, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ulrik L Andersen
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej 309, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
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