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Chang CC, Chen YH, Chen GY. Electromagnetically induced transparency and quantum enhancement of transmission via dressed bloch photons in an array of three-level Λ-type atoms. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:11307-11322. [PMID: 38570981 DOI: 10.1364/oe.519821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
We investigate the interactions between an array of three-level atoms and two photon fields with distinct frequencies employing quantum electrodynamics (QED). The control beam, as expected, has a considerably higher intensity than the probe beam, and the probe photon's eigenstate notably then appears as a distinctive dressed Bloch wave. We calculate the dispersion relation and quantum amplitude of the probe photons for their transmission. At positions predicting electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) phenomena, we unveil remarkable enhancements in the transmission of the probe beam. Crucially, these enhancements are intricately linked to the unique characteristics of the dressed Bloch wave eigenstate. Moreover, we demonstrate that modulating frequency and intensity of the control beam and the lattice constant would further tune these enhancements. Our study highlights the crucial role of the dressed Bloch wave eigenstate in substantially amplifying targeted light beams, thereby significantly enhancing the detection sensitivity for minute electromagnetic signals and emphasizing its pivotal role in unveiling intriguing phenomena.
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Yu S, Liu W, Tao SJ, Li ZP, Wang YT, Zhong ZP, Patel RB, Meng Y, Yang YZ, Wang ZA, Guo NJ, Zeng XD, Chen Z, Xu L, Zhang N, Liu X, Yang M, Zhang WH, Zhou ZQ, Xu JS, Tang JS, Han YJ, Li CF, Guo GC. A von-Neumann-like photonic processor and its application in studying quantum signature of chaos. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:74. [PMID: 38485915 PMCID: PMC10940704 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01413-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Photonic quantum computation plays an important role and offers unique advantages. Two decades after the milestone work of Knill-Laflamme-Milburn, various architectures of photonic processors have been proposed, and quantum advantage over classical computers has also been demonstrated. It is now the opportune time to apply this technology to real-world applications. However, at current technology level, this aim is restricted by either programmability in bulk optics or loss in integrated optics for the existing architectures of processors, for which the resource cost is also a problem. Here we present a von-Neumann-like architecture based on temporal-mode encoding and looped structure on table, which is capable of multimode-universal programmability, resource-efficiency, phase-stability and software-scalability. In order to illustrate these merits, we execute two different programs with varying resource requirements on the same processor, to investigate quantum signature of chaos from two aspects: the signature behaviors exhibited in phase space (13 modes), and the Fermi golden rule which has not been experimentally studied in quantitative way before (26 modes). The maximal program contains an optical interferometer network with 1694 freely-adjustable phases. Considering current state-of-the-art, our architecture stands as the most promising candidate for real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
- Research Center for Quantum Sensing, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 310000, China
- Quantum Optics and Laser Science, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Rd, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Wei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Si-Jing Tao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Yi-Tao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Zhong
- Research Center for Quantum Sensing, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Raj B Patel
- Quantum Optics and Laser Science, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Rd, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, Oxford University, Parks Road OX1 3PU, Oxford, UK
| | - Yu Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Yuan-Ze Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Zhao-An Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Nai-Jie Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Research Center for Quantum Sensing, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Research Center for Quantum Sensing, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Mu Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Wen-Hao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Zong-Quan Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Jin-Shi Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Jian-Shun Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China.
| | - Yong-Jian Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China.
| | - Chuan-Feng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China.
| | - Guang-Can Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China
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Feng Z, Imran M, Nadeem F, Fan H, Yan J, Ahmed I, Lau C, Zhang Y. Spectral and temporal atomic coherence interaction in Eu 3+ : NaYF 4 and Eu 3+ : BiPO 4. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:2486-2496. [PMID: 38170642 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00775h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
We investigate the spectral and temporal atomic coherence interaction based on out-of-phase fluorescence (FL) and spontaneous parametric four-wave mixing (SFWM) from the hexagonal phase of Eu3+ : NaYF4 and different phases of Eu3+ : BiPO4. Spectral and temporal interactions are interrelated and reduced by about 2 times due to two-photon nested dressing in contrast to the sum of each laser excitation. As the lifetime of photons increases, off-resonance profile cross-interaction decreases because cross-interaction reverses the signal at the near time gate position and keeps it consistent at the far time gate position. Moreover, the thermal phonon dressing at 300 K exhibits 6 times more eminent and obvious temporal interaction than that at 77 K. In a different phase of Eu3+ : BiPO4, there are three dark dips having stronger self-interaction; however, Eu3+ : NaYF4 has two dark dips as Eu3+ : BiPO4 has two phonon dressing. Further, the pure hexagonal phase of Eu3+ : BiPO4 demonstrates the strongest cross-interaction and longest coherent time under the dressing effect due to the smallest dressing phonon detuning and off-resonance profile cross-interaction at PMT2 because the angle quantization is the strongest. Such results can be used for designing novel quantum devices and have potential applications in quantum memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Feng
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Faisal Nadeem
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Huanrong Fan
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Jin Yan
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Irfan Ahmed
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur 65200, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Condon Lau
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yanpeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
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4
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Dong MX, Zhang WH, Zeng L, Ye YH, Li DC, Guo GC, Ding DS, Shi BS. Highly Efficient Storage of 25-Dimensional Photonic Qudit in a Cold-Atom-Based Quantum Memory. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:240801. [PMID: 38181137 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.240801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Building an efficient quantum memory in high-dimensional Hilbert spaces is one of the fundamental requirements for establishing high-dimensional quantum repeaters, where it offers many advantages over two-dimensional quantum systems, such as a larger information capacity and enhanced noise resilience. To date, it remains a challenge to develop an efficient high-dimensional quantum memory. Here, we experimentally realize a quantum memory that is operational in Hilbert spaces of up to 25 dimensions with a storage efficiency of close to 60% and a fidelity of 84.2±0.6%. The proposed approach exploits the spatial-mode-independent interaction between atoms and photons which are encoded in transverse-size-invariant vortex modes. In particular, our memory features uniform storage efficiency and low crosstalk disturbance for 25 individual spatial modes of photons, thus allowing the storing of qudit states programmed from 25 eigenstates within the high-dimensional Hilbert spaces. These results have great prospects for the implementation of long-distance high-dimensional quantum networks and quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
- School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Wei-Hang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Lei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ying-Hao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Da-Chuang Li
- School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Guang-Can Guo
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Bao-Sen Shi
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
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5
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Yu Z, Wu Z, Li X, Feng X, Huang W, Zhang K, Yuan CH, Zhang W, Chen LQ. Interferometry-Integrated Noise-Immune Quantum Memory. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:150804. [PMID: 37897768 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.150804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
A quantum memory with the performances of low noise, high efficiency, and high bandwidth is of crucial importance for developing practical quantum information technologies. However, the excess noises generated during the highly efficient processing of quantum information inevitably destroy quantum state. Here, we present a quantum memory with built-in excess-noise eraser by integrating a photon-correlated quantum interferometry in quantum memory, where the memory efficiency can be enhanced and the excess noises can be suppressed to the vacuum level via destructive interference. This quantum memory is demonstrated in a rubidium vapor cell with a 10-ns-long photonics signal. We observe ∼80% noise suppression, the write-in efficiency enhancement from 87% to 96.2% without and with interferometry, and the corresponding memory efficiency excluding the noises from 70% to 77%. The fidelity is 93.7% at the single-photon level, significantly exceeding the no-cloning limit. Such interferometry-integrated quantum memory, the first expansion of quantum interference techniques to quantum information processing, simultaneously enables low noise, high bandwidth, high efficiency, and easy operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zeliang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xuejie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xiaotian Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Wenfeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Keye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Chun-Hua Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Weiping Zhang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, and Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Branch, Hefei National Laboratory, Shanghai 201315, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
- Shanghai Research center for Quantum Science, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - L Q Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Shanghai Branch, Hefei National Laboratory, Shanghai 201315, China
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Chuang YL, Ullah R, Yu IA. Optical-density enhanced quantum entanglement via four-wave mixing process. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:13911-13922. [PMID: 37157266 DOI: 10.1364/oe.484093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically propose a scheme to generate a strong continuous-variable quantum entangled light source in four-wave mixing (FWM) process by increasing the optical density of atomic medium. By properly choosing the input coupling field Rabi frequency and detuning, the optimized entanglement can be achieved to be better than -17 dB at an optical density of approximately 1, 000, which has been realized in atomic media. Besides, with the optimized one-photon detuning and coupling Rabi frequency, the optimum entanglement degree can be greatly enhanced with the increment of optical density. We also examine the effects of atomic decoherence rate and two-photon detuning on entanglement in a realistic setting, and evaluate the experimental feasibility. We find that the entanglement can be further improved by considering two-photon detuning. In addition, with optimum parameters the entanglement is robust against the decoherence. The strong entanglement provides a promising applications in continuous-variable quantum communications.
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Liu H, Wang M, Jiao H, Lu J, Fan W, Li S, Wang H. Cavity-enhanced and temporally multiplexed atom-photon entanglement interface. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:7200-7211. [PMID: 36859856 DOI: 10.1364/oe.483444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Practical realization of quantum repeaters requires quantum memories with high retrieval efficiency, multi-mode storage capacities, and long lifetimes. Here, we report a high-retrieval-efficiency and temporally multiplexed atom-photon entanglement source. A train of 12 write pulses in time is applied to a cold atomic ensemble along different directions, which generates temporally multiplexed pairs of Stokes photons and spin waves via Duan-Lukin-Cirac-Zoller processes. The two arms of a polarization interferometer are used to encode photonic qubits of 12 Stokes temporal modes. The multiplexed spin-wave qubits, each of which is entangled with one Stokes qubit, are stored in a "clock" coherence. A ring cavity that resonates simultaneously with the two arms of the interferometer is used to enhance retrieval from the spin-wave qubits, with the intrinsic retrieval efficiency reaching 70.4%. The multiplexed source gives rise to a ∼12.1-fold increase in atom-photon entanglement-generation probability compared to the single-mode source. The measured Bell parameter for the multiplexed atom-photon entanglement is 2.21(2), along with a memory lifetime of up to ∼125 µs.
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Salari V, Paneru D, Saglamyurek E, Ghadimi M, Abdar M, Rezaee M, Aslani M, Barzanjeh S, Karimi E. Quantum face recognition protocol with ghost imaging. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2401. [PMID: 36765078 PMCID: PMC9918728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25280-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Face recognition is one of the most ubiquitous examples of pattern recognition in machine learning, with numerous applications in security, access control, and law enforcement, among many others. Pattern recognition with classical algorithms requires significant computational resources, especially when dealing with high-resolution images in an extensive database. Quantum algorithms have been shown to improve the efficiency and speed of many computational tasks, and as such, they could also potentially improve the complexity of the face recognition process. Here, we propose a quantum machine learning algorithm for pattern recognition based on quantum principal component analysis, and quantum independent component analysis. A novel quantum algorithm for finding dissimilarity in the faces based on the computation of trace and determinant of a matrix (image) is also proposed. The overall complexity of our pattern recognition algorithm is [Formula: see text]-N is the image dimension. As an input to these pattern recognition algorithms, we consider experimental images obtained from quantum imaging techniques with correlated photons, e.g. "interaction-free" imaging or "ghost" imaging. Interfacing these imaging techniques with our quantum pattern recognition processor provides input images that possess a better signal-to-noise ratio, lower exposures, and higher resolution, thus speeding up the machine learning process further. Our fully quantum pattern recognition system with quantum algorithm and quantum inputs promises a much-improved image acquisition and identification system with potential applications extending beyond face recognition, e.g., in medical imaging for diagnosing sensitive tissues or biology for protein identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Salari
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Physics and Astronomy, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada ,grid.462072.50000 0004 0467 2410BCAM - Basque Center for Applied Mathematics, Alameda de Mazarredo 14, 48009 Bilbao, Basque Country Spain
| | - Dilip Paneru
- grid.28046.380000 0001 2182 2255Nexus for Quantum Technologies, University of Ottawa, 25 Templeton Street, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Erhan Saglamyurek
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Physics and Astronomy, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada ,grid.17089.370000 0001 2190 316XDepartment of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
| | - Milad Ghadimi
- grid.411751.70000 0000 9908 3264Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 8415683111 Iran
| | - Moloud Abdar
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Mohammadreza Rezaee
- grid.28046.380000 0001 2182 2255Nexus for Quantum Technologies, University of Ottawa, 25 Templeton Street, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Mehdi Aslani
- grid.411751.70000 0000 9908 3264Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 8415683111 Iran
| | - Shabir Barzanjeh
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Physics and Astronomy, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Ebrahim Karimi
- Nexus for Quantum Technologies, University of Ottawa, 25 Templeton Street, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada. .,National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada.
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Zeng L, Ye YH, Dong MX, Zhang WH, Li EZ, Li DC, Ding DS, Shi BS. Optical memory for arbitrary perfect Poincaré states in an atomic ensemble. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:477-480. [PMID: 36638488 DOI: 10.1364/ol.479915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Inherent spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM), which manifest as polarization and spatial degrees of freedom (DOFs) of photons, hold a promise of large capability for applications in classical and quantum information processing. To enable these photonic spin and orbital dynamic properties strongly coupled with each other, Poincaré states have been proposed and offer advantages in data multiplexing, information encryption, precision metrology, and quantum memory. However, since the transverse size of Laguerre-Gaussian beams strongly depends on their topological charge numbers | l |, it is difficult to store asymmetric Poincaré states due to the significantly different light-matter interaction for distinct spatial modes. Here, we experimentally realize the storage of perfect Poincaré states with arbitrary OAM quanta using the perfect optical vortex, in which 121 arbitrarily selected perfect Poincaré states have been stored with high fidelity. The reported work has great prospects in optical communication and quantum networks for dramatically increased encoding flexibility of information.
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Rastogi A, Saglamyurek E, Hrushevskyi T, LeBlanc LJ. Superradiance-Mediated Photon Storage for Broadband Quantum Memory. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:120502. [PMID: 36179159 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.120502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Superradiance, characterized by the collective, coherent emission of light from an excited ensemble of emitters, generates photonic signals on timescales faster than the natural lifetime of an individual atom. The rapid exchange of coherence between atomic emitters and photonic fields in the superradiant regime enables a fast, broadband quantum memory. We demonstrate this superradiance memory mechanism in an ensemble of cold rubidium atoms and verify that this protocol is suitable for pulses on timescales shorter than the atoms' natural lifetime. Our simulations show that the superradiance memory protocol yields the highest bandwidth storage among protocols in the same system. These high-bandwidth quantum memories provide unique opportunities for fast processing of optical and microwave photonic signals, with applications in large-scale quantum communication and quantum computing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindya Rastogi
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Erhan Saglamyurek
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Taras Hrushevskyi
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Lindsay J LeBlanc
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
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11
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Su K, Zhong Y, Zhang S, Li J, Zou CL, Wang Y, Yan H, Zhu SL. Quantum Interference between Nonidentical Single Particles. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:093604. [PMID: 36083656 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.093604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Quantum interference between identical single particles reveals the intrinsic quantum statistic nature of particles, which could not be interpreted through classical physics. Here, we demonstrate quantum interference between nonidentical bosons using a generalized beam splitter based on a quantum memory. The Hong-Ou-Mandel type interference between single photons and single magnons with high visibility is demonstrated, and the crossover from the bosonic to fermionic quantum statistics is observed by tuning the beam splitter to be non-Hermitian. Moreover, multiparticle interference that simulates the behavior of three fermions by three input photons is realized. Our work extends the understanding of the quantum interference effects and demonstrates a versatile experimental platform for studying and engineering quantum statistics of particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyu Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shanchao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chang-Ling Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Quantum Precision Measurement, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shi-Liang Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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12
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Tseng YC, Wei YC, Chen YC. Efficient quantum memory for photonic polarization qubits generated by cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric downconversion. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:19944-19960. [PMID: 36221757 DOI: 10.1364/oe.460026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Quantum memories, for storing then retrieving photonic quantum states on demand, are crucial components for scalable quantum technologies. Spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC) with a nonlinear crystal is the most widely used process for generating entangled photon pairs or heralded single photons. Despite the desirability of efficient quantum memories for SPDC-generated single photons, the storage and retrieval efficiencies achieved with this approach still fall below 50%, a threshold value for practical applications. Here, we report an efficiency of > 70% for the storage of heralded single photons generated by cavity-enhanced SPDC using atomic quantum memories based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). In addition, we demonstrate the quantum memory for single-photon polarization qubits with a fidelity of ∼96%. This result paves the way towards the development of large-scale quantum networks.
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13
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Chang CC, Chen YH, Chen GY, Lin L. Manipulating quantum interference of dressed photon fields. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:18156-18167. [PMID: 36221622 DOI: 10.1364/oe.455247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Through quantum electrodynamics (QED) we investigate the interactions between a three-level atom and two photon fields under perturbation limit. The dispersion relation and (relative) transmission of the probe photons are obtained by calculating the corresponding Feynman diagrams. The quantum interference in this three-level system such as Fano resonance and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) can be tuned by varying the intensities of the control and probe beams. Moreover, by considering that the control beam with periodic modulation, that is, the so-called Landau-Zener-Stückelberg (LZS) type source, the accumulated phase after Landau-Zener transitions is found to show the alternating Fano (EIT) lineshapes in the transmission of the probe photons. We further find that the transmissions can become almost stationary in addition to a wide EIT window in time even though the control beam is a LZS-type oscillating source.
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14
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Ma L, Lei X, Yan J, Li R, Chai T, Yan Z, Jia X, Xie C, Peng K. High-performance cavity-enhanced quantum memory with warm atomic cell. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2368. [PMID: 35501315 PMCID: PMC9061733 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30077-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractHigh-performance quantum memory for quantized states of light is a prerequisite building block of quantum information technology. Despite great progresses of optical quantum memories based on interactions of light and atoms, physical features of these memories still cannot satisfy requirements for applications in practical quantum information systems, since all of them suffer from trade-off between memory efficiency and excess noise. Here, we report a high-performance cavity-enhanced electromagnetically-induced-transparency memory with warm atomic cell in which a scheme of optimizing the spatial and temporal modes based on the time-reversal approach is applied. The memory efficiency up to 67 ± 1% is directly measured and a noise level close to quantum noise limit is simultaneously reached. It has been experimentally demonstrated that the average fidelities for a set of input coherent states with different phases and amplitudes within a Gaussian distribution have exceeded the classical benchmark fidelities. Thus the realized quantum memory platform has been capable of preserving quantized optical states, and is ready to be applied in quantum information systems, such as distributed quantum logic gates and quantum-enhanced atomic magnetometry.
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15
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Wang X, Wang J, Ren Z, Wen R, Zou CL, Siviloglou GA, Chen JF. Quantum Interference between Photons and Single Quanta of Stored Atomic Coherence. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:083605. [PMID: 35275680 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.083605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Essential for building quantum networks over remote independent nodes, the indistinguishability of photons has been extensively studied by observing the coincidence dip in the Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer. However, indistinguishability is not limited to the same type of bosons. For the first time, we hereby observe quantum interference between flying photons and a single quantum of stored atomic coherence (magnon) in an atom-light beam splitter interface. We demonstrate that the Hermiticity of this interface determines the type of quantum interference between photons and magnons. Consequently, not only the bunching behavior that characterizes bosons is observed, but counterintuitively, fermionlike antibunching as well. The hybrid nature of the demonstrated magnon-photon quantum interface can be applied to versatile quantum memory platforms, and can lead to fundamentally different photon distributions from those occurring in boson sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchang Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- International Quantum Academy (SIQA), and Shenzhen Branch, Hefei National Laboratory, Futian District, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- International Quantum Academy (SIQA), and Shenzhen Branch, Hefei National Laboratory, Futian District, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Rong Wen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of Ministry of Education, College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Chang-Ling Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Georgios A Siviloglou
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- International Quantum Academy (SIQA), and Shenzhen Branch, Hefei National Laboratory, Futian District, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - J F Chen
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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16
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Sun PF, Yu Y, An ZY, Li J, Yang CW, Bao XH, Pan JW. Deterministic Time-Bin Entanglement between a Single Photon and an Atomic Ensemble. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:060502. [PMID: 35213187 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.060502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid matter-photon entanglement is the building block for quantum networks. It is very favorable if the entanglement can be prepared with a high probability. In this Letter, we report the deterministic creation of entanglement between an atomic ensemble and a single photon by harnessing the Rydberg blockade. We design a scheme that creates entanglement between a single photon's temporal modes and the Rydberg levels that host a collective excitation, using a process of cyclical retrieving and patching. The hybrid entanglement is tested via retrieving the atomic excitation as a second photon and performing correlation measurements, which suggest an entanglement fidelity of 87.8%. Our source of matter-photon entanglement will enable the entangling of remote quantum memories with much higher efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yong Yu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zi-Ye An
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jun Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Chao-Wei Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Bao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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17
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Li Y, Wen Y, Wang S, Liu C, Liu H, Wang M, Sun C, Gao Y, Li S, Wang H. Generation of entanglement between a highly wave-packet-tunable photon and a spin-wave memory in cold atoms. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:2792-2802. [PMID: 35209412 DOI: 10.1364/oe.446837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Controls of waveforms (pulse durations) of single photons are important tasks for effectively interconnecting disparate atomic memories in hybrid quantum networks. So far, the waveform control of a single photon that is entangled with an atomic memory remains unexplored. Here, we demonstrated control of waveform length of the photon that is entangled with an atomic spin-wave memory by varying light-atom interaction time in cold atoms. The Bell parameter S as a function of the duration of photon pulse is measured, which shows that violations of Bell inequality can be achieved for the photon pulse in the duration range from 40 ns to 50 µs, where, S = 2.64 ± 0.02 and S = 2.26 ± 0.05 for the 40-ns and 50-µs durations, respectively. The measured results show that S parameter decreases with the increase in the pulse duration. We confirm that the increase in photon noise probability per pulse with the pulse-duration is responsible for the S decrease.
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18
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Hsu H, Cheng CY, Shiu JS, Chen LC, Chen YF. Quantum fidelity of electromagnetically induced transparency: the full quantum theory. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:2097-2111. [PMID: 35209357 DOI: 10.1364/oe.448334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present a full quantum model to study the fidelity of single photons with different quantum states propagating in a medium exhibiting electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). By using the general reservoir theory, we can calculate the quantum state of the transmitted probe photons that reveal the EIT phenomenon predicted by semiclassical theory while reflecting the influence of the quantum fluctuations of the strong coupling field. Our study shows that the coupling field fluctuations not only change the quantum state of the probe photons, but also slightly affect its transmittance. Moreover, we demonstrate that the squeezed coupling field can enhance the influence of its fluctuations on the quantum state of the probe photons, which means that the EIT effect can be manipulated by controlling the quantum state properties of the coupling field. The full quantum theory in this paper is suitable for studying quantum systems related to the EIT mechanism that would allow us to examine various quantum effects in EIT-based systems from a full quantum perspective.
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19
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Chen J, Wu Z, Bao G, Chen LQ, Zhang W. Design of coaxial coils using hybrid machine learning. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:045103. [PMID: 34243417 DOI: 10.1063/5.0040650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A coil system to generate a uniform field is urgently needed in quantum experiments. However, general coil configurations based on the analytical method have not considered practical restrictions, such as the region for coil placement due to holes in the center of the magnetic shield, which could not be directly applied in most of the quantum experiments. In this paper, we develop a coil design method for quantum experiments using hybrid machine learning. The algorithm part consists of a machine learner based on an artificial neural network and a differential evolution (DE) learner. The cooperation of both learners demonstrates its higher efficiency than a single DE learner and robustness in the coil optimization problem compared with analytical proposals. With the help of a DE learner, in numerical simulation, a machine learner can successfully design coaxial coil systems that generate fields whose relative inhomogeneity in a 25 mm-long central region is ∼10-6 under constraints. In addition, for experiments, a coil system with 0.069% inhomogeneity of the field, designed by a machine learner, is constructed, which is mainly limited by machining the precision of the circuit board. Benefitting from machine learning's high-dimension optimization capabilities, our coil design method is convenient and has potential for various quantum experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Quantum Institute for Light and Atom, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeliang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Quantum Institute for Light and Atom, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Guzhi Bao
- School of Physics and Astronomy, and Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - L Q Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Quantum Institute for Light and Atom, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Zhang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, and Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
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20
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Shou C, Zhang Q, Luo W, Huang G. Photon storage and routing in quantum dots with spin-orbit coupling. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:9772-9785. [PMID: 33820130 DOI: 10.1364/oe.416791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As an essential element for quantum information processing and quantum communication, efficient quantum memory based on solid-state platforms is imperative for practical applications but remains a challenge. Here we propose a scheme to realize a highly efficient and controllable storage and routing of single photons based on quantum dots (QDs) with a Rashba spin-orbit coupling (SOC). We show that the SOC in the QDs can provide a flexible built-up of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) for single-photon propagation, and storage, retrieval, as well as routing of single-photon wavepackets can also be implemented through the EIT. Moreover, we demonstrate that the propagation loss of the single-photon wavepackets in the QDs may be largely suppressed by means of a weak microwave field, by which the storage and routing of the single photons can be made to have high efficiency and fidelity. Our research opens a route for designs of advanced solid-state devices promising for applications in photonic quantum-information processing and transmission based on the QDs with SOC.
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21
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Wang XJ, Yang SJ, Sun PF, Jing B, Li J, Zhou MT, Bao XH, Pan JW. Cavity-Enhanced Atom-Photon Entanglement with Subsecond Lifetime. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:090501. [PMID: 33750156 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.090501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A cold atomic ensemble suits well for optical quantum memories, and its entanglement with a single photon forms the building block for quantum networks that give promise for many revolutionary applications. Efficiency and lifetime are among the most important figures of merit for a memory. In this Letter, we report the realization of entanglement between an atomic ensemble and a single photon with subsecond lifetime and high efficiency. We engineer dual control modes in a ring cavity to create entanglement and make use of three-dimensional optical lattice to prolong memory lifetime. The memory efficiency is 38% for 0.1 s storage. We verify the atom-photon entanglement after 1 s storage by testing the Bell inequality with a result of S=2.36±0.14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Jie Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Sheng-Jun Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Peng-Fei Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Bo Jing
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jun Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ming-Ti Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Bao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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22
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Cheng CY, Liu ZY, Hu PS, Wang TN, Chien CY, Lin JK, Juo JY, Shiu JS, Yu IA, Chen YC, Chen YF. Efficient frequency conversion based on resonant four-wave mixing. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:681-684. [PMID: 33528440 DOI: 10.1364/ol.414263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Efficient frequency conversion of photons has important applications in optical quantum technology because the frequency range suitable for photon manipulation and communication usually varies widely. Recently, an efficient frequency conversion system using a double-Λ four-wave mixing (FWM) process based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) has attracted considerable attention because of its potential to achieve a nearly 100% conversion efficiency (CE). To obtain such a high CE, the spontaneous emission loss in this resonant-type FWM system must be suppressed considerably. A simple solution is to arrange the applied laser fields in a backward configuration. However, the phase mismatch due to this configuration can cause a significant decrease in CE. Here, we demonstrate that the phase mismatch can be effectively compensated by introducing the phase shift obtained by two-photon detuning. Under optimal conditions, we observe a wavelength conversion from 780 to 795 nm with a maximum CE of 91.2%±0.6% by using this backward FWM system at an optical depth of 130 in cold 87Rb atoms. The current work represents an important step toward achieving low-loss, high-fidelity quantum frequency conversion based on EIT.
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23
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Hsu CY, Wang YS, Chen JM, Huang FC, Ke YT, Huang EK, Hung W, Chao KL, Hsiao SS, Chen YH, Chuu CS, Chen YC, Chen YF, Yu IA. Generation of sub-MHz and spectrally-bright biphotons from hot atomic vapors with a phase mismatch-free scheme. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:4632-4644. [PMID: 33771035 DOI: 10.1364/oe.415473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We utilized the all-copropagating scheme, which maintains the phase-match condition, in the spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) process to generate biphotons from a hot atomic vapor. The linewidth and spectral brightness of our biphotons surpass those of the biphotons produced with the hot-atom SFWM in the previous works. Moreover, the generation rate of the sub-MHz biphoton source in this work can also compete with those of the sub-MHz biphoton sources of the cold-atom SFWM or cavity-assisted spontaneous parametric down conversion. Here, the biphoton linewidth is tunable for an order of magnitude. As we tuned the linewidth to 610 kHz, the generation rate per linewidth is 1,500 pairs/(s·MHz) and the maximum two-photon correlation function, gs,as(2), of the biphotons is 42. This gs,as(2) violates the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality for classical light by 440 folds, and demonstrates that the biphotons have a high purity. By increasing the pump power by 16 folds, we further enhanced the generation rate per linewidth to 2.3×104 pairs/(s·MHz), while the maximum gs,as(2) became 6.7. In addition, we are able to tune the linewidth down to 290±20 kHz. This is the narrowest linewidth to date among all single-mode biphoton sources of room-temperature and hot media.
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24
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Chen Z, Zeng J. Localized gap modes of coherently trapped atoms in an optical lattice. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:3011-3025. [PMID: 33770909 DOI: 10.1364/oe.412554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically investigate one-dimensional localized gap modes in a coherent atomic gas where an optical lattice is formed by a pair of counterpropagating far-detuned Stark laser fields. The atomic ensembles under study emerge as Λ-type three-level configuration accompanying the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Based on Maxwell-Bloch equations and the multiple scales method, we derive a nonlinear equation governing the spatial-temporal evolution of the probe-field envelope. We then uncover the formation and properties of optical localized gap modes of two kinds, such as the fundamental gap solitons and dipole gap modes. Furthermore, we confirm the (in)stability regions of both localized gap modes in the respective band-gap spectrum with systematic numerical simulations relying on linear-stability analysis and direct perturbed propagation. The predicted results may enrich the nonlinear horizon to the realm of coherent atomic gases and open up a new door for optical communication and information processing.
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25
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Jeong T, Chough YT, Moon HS. Light manipulation via spontaneous four-wave mixing in a warm double-Λ-type atomic ensemble. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:36611-36619. [PMID: 33379751 DOI: 10.1364/oe.411990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report on the dynamic manipulation of light in a warm 87Rb atomic ensemble using light storage based on the atomic spin coherence arising from the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and spontaneous four-wave mixing (FWM) processes. We demonstrate that, subsequent to the generation of atomic spin coherence between two hyperfine ground states via the EIT storage process, it is possible to control the delay time, direction, and optical frequency of the retrieved light according to the timing sequence and powers of the coupling, probe, and driving lasers used for atomic-spin-coherence generation and the spontaneous FWM process. We believe that our results provide useful ideas in photon frequency conversion and photon control in connection with the quantum memories that is essential in the quantum communications technology.
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26
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Li W, Islam P, Windpassinger P. Controlled Transport of Stored Light. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:150501. [PMID: 33095599 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.150501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Controlled manipulation, storage, and retrieval of quantum information is essential for quantum communication and computing. Quantum memories for light, realized with cold atomic samples as the storage medium, are prominent for their high storage efficiencies and lifetime. We demonstrate the controlled transport of stored light over 1.2 mm in such a storage system and show that the transport process and its dynamics only have a minor effect on the coherence of the storage. Extending the presented concept to longer transport distances and augmenting the number of storage sections will allow for the development of novel quantum devices such as optical racetrack memories or optical quantum registers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, 100191 Beijing, China
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany
| | - Parvez Islam
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany
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27
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Kukharchyk N, Sholokhov D, Morozov O, Korableva SL, Kalachev AA, Bushev PA. Electromagnetically induced transparency in a mono-isotopic 167Er: 7LiYF 4 crystal below 1 Kelvin: microwave photonics approach. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:29166-29177. [PMID: 33114821 DOI: 10.1364/oe.400222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electromagnetically induced transparency allows for the controllable change of absorption properties, which can be exploited in a number of applications including optical quantum memory. In this paper, we present a study of the electromagnetically induced transparency in a 167Er:7LiYF4 crystal at low magnetic fields and ultra-low temperatures. The experimental measurement scheme employs an optical vector network analysis that provides high precision measurement of amplitude, phase and group delay and paves the way towards full on-chip integration of optical quantum memory setups. We found that sub-Kelvin temperatures are the necessary requirement for observing electromagnetically induced transparency in this crystal at low fields. A good agreement between theory and experiment is achieved by taking into account the phonon bottleneck effect.
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28
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Wei YC, Lin SX, Tsai PJ, Chen YC. Memory-based optical polarization conversion in a double-[Formula: see text] atomic system with degenerate Zeeman states. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13990. [PMID: 32814785 PMCID: PMC7438533 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70810-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical memory based on the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a double-[Formula: see text] atomic system provides a convenient way to convert the frequency, bandwidth or polarization of an optical pulse by storing it in one [Formula: see text] channel and retrieving it from another. This memory-based optical converter can be used to bridge the quantum nodes which have different physical properties in a quantum network. However, in real atoms, each energy level usually contains degenerate Zeeman states, which may lead to additional energy loss, as has been discussed in our recent theoretical paper (Tsai et al. in Phys. Rev. A 100, 063843). Here, we present an experimental study on the efficiency variation in the EIT-memory-based optical polarization conversion in cold cesium atoms under Zeeman-state optical pumping. The experimental results support the theoretical predictions. Our study provides quantitative knowledge and physical insight useful for practical implementation of an EIT-memory-based optical converter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Cheng Wei
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Xiang Lin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Pin-Ju Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Ying-Cheng Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
- Center for Quantum Technology, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan
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29
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Peters T, Wang TP, Neumann A, Simeonov LS, Halfmann T. Single-photon-level narrowband memory in a hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:5340-5354. [PMID: 32121757 DOI: 10.1364/oe.383999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An experimental platform operating at the level of individual quanta and providing strong light-matter coupling is a key requirement for quantum information processing. In our work, we show that hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers filled with laser-cooled atoms might serve as such a platform, despite their typical complicated birefringence properties. To this end, we present a detailed theoretical and experimental study to identify a fiber with suitable properties to achieve operation at the single-photon level. In the fiber, we demonstrate the storage and on-demand retrieval as well as the creation of stationary light pulses, based on electromagnetically induced transparency, for weak coherent light pulses down to the single-photon level with an unconditional noise floor of 0.017(4) photons per pulse. These results clearly demonstrate the prospects of such a fiber-based platform for applications in quantum information networks.
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30
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Wen Y, Zhou P, Xu Z, Yuan L, Wang M, Wang S, Chen L, Wang H. Cavity-enhanced and long-lived optical memories for two orthogonal polarizations in cold atoms. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:360-368. [PMID: 32118964 DOI: 10.1364/oe.376962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The storage and retrieval efficiency (SRE) and lifetime of optical quantum memories are two key performance indicators for scaling up quantum information processing. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a cavity-enhanced long-lived optical memory for two polarizations in a cold atomic ensemble. Using electromagnetically induced-transparency (EIT) dynamics, we demonstrate the storages of left-circularly and right-circularly polarized signal light pulses in the atoms, respectively. By making the signal and control beams collinearly pass through the atoms and storing the two polarizations of the signal light as two magnetic-field-insensitive spin waves, we achieve a long-lived (3.5 ms) memory. By placing a low-finesse optical ring cavity around the cold atoms, the coupling between the signal light and the atoms is enhanced, which leads to an increase in SRE. The presented cavity-enhanced storage shows that the SRE is ∼30%, corresponding to an intrinsic SRE of ∼45%.
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31
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Wang W, Hu X, Xu J. Coherent population trapping based atomic reservoir for almost perfect higher-order squeezing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:30530-30551. [PMID: 31684299 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.030530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Due to either coherent or dissipative interactions with the coherent population trapping (CPT)-based atoms, the evolutions of the Bogoliubov modes towards the vacuum states have been shown to lead to second-order squeezing of the involved optical fields. Here we push the CPT-based dissipative interactions towards higher-order squeezing, which is not simply determined by second-order squeezing but instead by different criteria involving higher-order moments. It is shown that the CPT-based atomic reservoir supports the dissipative evolution of the Bogoliubov modes almost completely to the vacuum states and then yields almost perfect fourth-order squeezing (90%∼100%). The present mechanism is robust against spontaneous emission since the atoms stay largely in the ground states. As a by-product, a comparison is given with two-level atoms, in which the excitation of a large fraction reduces the degree of higher-order squeezing.
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32
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Khazali M, Murray CR, Pohl T. Polariton Exchange Interactions in Multichannel Optical Networks. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:113605. [PMID: 31573258 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.113605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We examine the dynamics of Rydberg polaritons with dipolar interactions that propagate in multiple spatial modes. The dipolar excitation exchange between different Rydberg states mediates an effective exchange between polaritons that enables photons to hop across different spatial channels. Remarkably, the efficiency of this photon exchange process can increase with the channel distance and becomes optimal at a finite rail separation. Based on this mechanism, we design a simple photonic network that realizes a two photon quantum gate with a robust π phase, protected by the symmetries of the underlying photon interaction and the geometry of the network. These capabilities expand the scope of Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency towards multidimensional geometries for nonlinear optical networks and explorations of photonic many-body physics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Callum R Murray
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Thomas Pohl
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
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33
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Wen R, Zou CL, Zhu X, Chen P, Ou ZY, Chen JF, Zhang W. Non-Hermitian Magnon-Photon Interference in an Atomic Ensemble. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:253602. [PMID: 31347902 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.253602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The interference of photons in a lossy beam splitter (BS) exhibits anticoalescence, which is surprising for bosons. Such a non-Hermitian system involving open quantum dynamics is of particular interest for quantum information processing and metrology. The Hermiticity of photonic devices is generally fixed according to the material, but is controllable at the interface of photons and atomic systems. Here, we demonstrate a tunable non-Hermitian BS for the interference between traveling photonic and localized magnonic modes. The crossover from a Hermitian to a non-Hermitian magnon-photon BS is achieved by controlling the coherent and incoherent interaction mediated by the excited levels of atoms, which is reconfigurable via the detuning of a control laser. A correlated interference pattern between the photons and magnons is demonstrated by such a non-Hermitian BS. Our system has the potential to operate with photons and magnons at the single-quanta level, and it provides a versatile quantum interface for studying the non-Hermitian quantum physics and parity-time symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Quantum Institute for Light and Atoms, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chang-Ling Zou
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Xinyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Quantum Institute for Light and Atoms, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Quantum Institute for Light and Atoms, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Z Y Ou
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 402 North Blackford Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
| | - J F Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Quantum Institute for Light and Atoms, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Weiping Zhang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
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34
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Parniak M, Mazelanik M, Leszczyński A, Lipka M, Dąbrowski M, Wasilewski W. Quantum Optics of Spin Waves through ac Stark Modulation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:063604. [PMID: 30822088 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.063604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We bring the set of linear quantum operations, important for many fundamental studies in photonic systems, to the material domain of collective excitations known as spin waves. Using the ac Stark effect we realize quantum operations on single excitations and demonstrate a spin-wave analog of the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect, realized via a beam splitter implemented in the spin-wave domain. Our scheme equips atomic-ensemble-based quantum repeaters with quantum information processing capability and can be readily brought to other physical systems, such as doped crystals or room-temperature atomic ensembles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Parniak
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Centre for Quantum Optical Technologies, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Mazelanik
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Centre for Quantum Optical Technologies, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Leszczyński
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Centre for Quantum Optical Technologies, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Lipka
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Centre for Quantum Optical Technologies, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Dąbrowski
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Centre for Quantum Optical Technologies, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Wasilewski
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Centre for Quantum Optical Technologies, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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35
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Guo J, Feng X, Yang P, Yu Z, Chen LQ, Yuan CH, Zhang W. High-performance Raman quantum memory with optimal control in room temperature atoms. Nat Commun 2019; 10:148. [PMID: 30635582 PMCID: PMC6329819 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08118-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum memories are essential for quantum information processing. Techniques have been developed for quantum memory based on atomic ensembles. The atomic memories through optical resonance usually suffer from the narrow-band limitation. The far off-resonant Raman process is a promising candidate for atomic memories due to broad bandwidths and high speeds. However, to date, the low memory efficiency remains an unsolved bottleneck. Here, we demonstrate a high-performance atomic Raman memory in 87Rb vapour with the development of an optimal control technique. A memory efficiency of above 82.0% for 6 ns~20 ns optical pulses is achieved. In particular, an unconditional fidelity of up to 98.0%, significantly exceeding the no-cloning limit, is obtained with the tomography reconstruction for a single-photon level coherent input. Our work marks an important advance of atomic memory towards practical applications in quantum information processing. Storage and retrieval of memory is important for applications in quantum information processing. Here the authors demonstrate an efficient quantum Raman memory protocol by preparing hot rubidium atoms in specific states using control pulse scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxian Guo
- Quantum Institute for Light and Atoms, School of Physics and Material Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.,School of Physics and Astronomy, and Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaotian Feng
- Quantum Institute for Light and Atoms, School of Physics and Material Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Peiyu Yang
- Quantum Institute for Light and Atoms, School of Physics and Material Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Zhifei Yu
- Quantum Institute for Light and Atoms, School of Physics and Material Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - L Q Chen
- Quantum Institute for Light and Atoms, School of Physics and Material Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Chun-Hua Yuan
- Quantum Institute for Light and Atoms, School of Physics and Material Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Weiping Zhang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, and Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China.
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36
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Jiang Y, Mei Y, Zou Y, Zuo Y, Du S. Intracavity cold atomic ensemble with high optical depth. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:013105. [PMID: 30709165 DOI: 10.1063/1.5065431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We describe the apparatus of an optical cavity loaded with cold 85Rb atoms of high optical depth (OD) in the weak coupling regime. The relevant cavity-atom parameters are the single-photon Rabi frequency g0 = 2π × 0.25 MHz, the cavity power decay rate κ = 2π × 9.0 MHz, and the atomic excited state decay rate Γ = 2π × 5.75 MHz. In this bad-cavity configuration where the atomic natural linewidth (Γ/2π) is less than the cavity linewidth (κ/2π), the cavity enhancement factor for the longitudinal OD is about 188. We obtain a cavity enhanced OD up to 7600, corresponding to an atomic ensemble with a bare single-pass OD of 40, coupled to the cavity mode. Our intracavity cold atomic ensemble with high OD may have many applications in studying collective atom-light interaction inside an optical cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Jiang
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yefeng Mei
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yueyang Zou
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying Zuo
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shengwang Du
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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37
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Li K, Zhang D, Raza F, Zhang Z, Puttapirat P, Liu Y, Zhang Y. Multi-contact switch using double-dressing regularity of probe, fluorescence, and six-wave mixing in a Rydberg atom. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:074310. [PMID: 30134715 DOI: 10.1063/1.5034066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we study the realization of a multi-contact switch using the double-dressing regularity of probe, fluorescence, and six-wave mixing signals in a five-level 85Rb atomic system. For the first time, we compare the dressing regularity of Rydberg states by observing electromagnetically induced transparency and signals. With the scanning probe and dressing fields, both large and small line shifts in signals are observed. The small line shifts are induced by double-dressed line shifts. Also, the big line shifts result from the Rydberg dressing. In addition, with an increase in the principal quantum number n of the Rydberg state, all the signals become weaker, while the line shifts of the signals become enhanced. Using the regularity in line shifts of the signals and an acoustic optical modulator to modulate the frequency detuning, we can realize a multi-contact switch action and fast conversion between different contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Li
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Faizan Raza
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Pargorn Puttapirat
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yanpeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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38
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Ham BS. A wavelength-convertible quantum memory: Controlled echo. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10675. [PMID: 30013123 PMCID: PMC6048175 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28776-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum coherence control is reinvestigated for a new physical insight in quantum nonlinear optics and applied for a wavelength-convertible quantum memory in a solid ensemble whose spin states are inhomogeneously broadened. Unlike typical atomic media whose spin decays are homogeneous, a spin inhomogeneously broadened solid ensemble requires a counter-intuitive quantum coherence control to avoid spontaneous emission-caused quantum noises. Such a quantum coherence control in a solid ensemble satisfying both near perfect retrieval efficiency and ultralong photon storage offers a solid framework to quantum repeaters, scalable qubit generations, quantum cryptography, and highly sensitive magnetometry. Here, the basic physics of the counter-intuitive quantum coherence control is presented not only for a fundamental understanding of collective ensemble phase control but also for a coherence conversion mechanism between optical and spin states involving Raman rephasing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung S Ham
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Chumdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea.
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