1
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Young AW, Geller S, Eckner WJ, Schine N, Glancy S, Knill E, Kaufman AM. An atomic boson sampler. Nature 2024; 629:311-316. [PMID: 38720040 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07304-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
A boson sampler implements a restricted model of quantum computing. It is defined by the ability to sample from the distribution resulting from the interference of identical bosons propagating according to programmable, non-interacting dynamics1. An efficient exact classical simulation of boson sampling is not believed to exist, which has motivated ground-breaking boson sampling experiments in photonics with increasingly many photons2-12. However, it is difficult to generate and reliably evolve specific numbers of photons with low loss, and thus probabilistic techniques for postselection7 or marked changes to standard boson sampling10-12 are generally used. Here, we address the above challenges by implementing boson sampling using ultracold atoms13,14 in a two-dimensional, tunnel-coupled optical lattice. This demonstration is enabled by a previously unrealized combination of tools involving high-fidelity optical cooling and imaging of atoms in a lattice, as well as programmable control of those atoms using optical tweezers. When extended to interacting systems, our work demonstrates the core abilities required to directly assemble ground and excited states in simulations of various Hubbard models15,16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron W Young
- JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.
| | - Shawn Geller
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - William J Eckner
- JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Nathan Schine
- JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Scott Glancy
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Emanuel Knill
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA
- Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Adam M Kaufman
- JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.
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2
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Deng YH, Gu YC, Liu HL, Gong SQ, Su H, Zhang ZJ, Tang HY, Jia MH, Xu JM, Chen MC, Qin J, Peng LC, Yan J, Hu Y, Huang J, Li H, Li Y, Chen Y, Jiang X, Gan L, Yang G, You L, Li L, Zhong HS, Wang H, Liu NL, Renema JJ, Lu CY, Pan JW. Gaussian Boson Sampling with Pseudo-Photon-Number-Resolving Detectors and Quantum Computational Advantage. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:150601. [PMID: 37897783 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.150601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
We report new Gaussian boson sampling experiments with pseudo-photon-number-resolving detection, which register up to 255 photon-click events. We consider partial photon distinguishability and develop a more complete model for the characterization of the noisy Gaussian boson sampling. In the quantum computational advantage regime, we use Bayesian tests and correlation function analysis to validate the samples against all current classical spoofing mockups. Estimating with the best classical algorithms to date, generating a single ideal sample from the same distribution on the supercomputer Frontier would take ∼600 yr using exact methods, whereas our quantum computer, Jiǔzhāng 3.0, takes only 1.27 μs to produce a sample. Generating the hardest sample from the experiment using an exact algorithm would take Frontier∼3.1×10^{10} yr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hao Deng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Yi-Chao Gu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Hua-Liang Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Si-Qiu Gong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Hao Su
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Zhi-Jiong Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Hao-Yang Tang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Meng-Hao Jia
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Jia-Min Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Ming-Cheng Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Jian Qin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Li-Chao Peng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Jiarong Yan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Jia Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Micro system and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Micro system and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Department of Computer Science and Technology and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yaojian Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Technology and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Lin Gan
- Department of Computer Science and Technology and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guangwen Yang
- Department of Computer Science and Technology and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lixing You
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Micro system and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Li Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Han-Sen Zhong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Nai-Le Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Jelmer J Renema
- Adaptive Quantum Optics Group, Mesa+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Chao-Yang Lu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shenzhen 518054, China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
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3
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Katz O, Monroe C. Programmable Quantum Simulations of Bosonic Systems with Trapped Ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:033604. [PMID: 37540877 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.033604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Trapped atomic ion crystals are a leading platform for quantum simulations of spin systems, with programmable and long-range spin-spin interactions mediated by excitations of phonons in the crystal. We describe a complementary approach for quantum simulations of bosonic systems using phonons in trapped-ion crystals, here mediated by excitations of the trapped-ion spins. The scheme enables a high degree of programability across a dense graph of bosonic couplings, utilizing long-lived collective phonon modes in a trapped-ion chain. As such, it is well suited for tackling hard problems such as boson sampling and simulations of long-range bosonic and spin-boson Hamiltonians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Or Katz
- Duke Quantum Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27701, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Christopher Monroe
- Duke Quantum Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27701, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
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4
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Trivedi R, Cirac JI. Transitions in Computational Complexity of Continuous-Time Local Open Quantum Dynamics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:260405. [PMID: 36608200 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.260405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We analyze the complexity of classically simulating continuous-time dynamics of locally interacting quantum spin systems with a constant rate of entanglement breaking noise. We prove that a polynomial time classical algorithm can be used to sample from the state of the spins when the rate of noise is higher than a threshold determined by the strength of the local interactions. Furthermore, by encoding a 1D fault tolerant quantum computation into the dynamics of spin systems arranged on two or higher dimensional grids, we show that for several noise channels, the problem of weakly simulating the output state of both purely Hamiltonian and purely dissipative dynamics is expected to be hard in the low-noise regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Trivedi
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany and Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstraße 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany
| | - J Ignacio Cirac
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany and Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstraße 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany
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5
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Maskara N, Deshpande A, Ehrenberg A, Tran MC, Fefferman B, Gorshkov AV. Complexity Phase Diagram for Interacting and Long-Range Bosonic Hamiltonians. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:150604. [PMID: 36269971 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.150604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We classify phases of a bosonic lattice model based on the computational complexity of classically simulating the system. We show that the system transitions from being classically simulable to classically hard to simulate as it evolves in time, extending previous results to include on-site number-conserving interactions and long-range hopping. Specifically, we construct a complexity phase diagram with easy and hard "phases" and derive analytic bounds on the location of the phase boundary with respect to the evolution time and the degree of locality. We find that the location of the phase transition is intimately related to upper bounds on the spread of quantum correlations and protocols to transfer quantum information. Remarkably, although the location of the transition point is unchanged by on-site interactions, the nature of the transition point does change. Specifically, we find that there are two kinds of transitions, sharp and coarse, broadly corresponding to interacting and noninteracting bosons, respectively. Our Letter motivates future studies of complexity in many-body systems and its interplay with the associated physical phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishad Maskara
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Abhinav Deshpande
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Adam Ehrenberg
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Minh C Tran
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Bill Fefferman
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Computer Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Alexey V Gorshkov
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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6
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Oh C, Lim Y, Fefferman B, Jiang L. Classical Simulation of Boson Sampling Based on Graph Structure. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:190501. [PMID: 35622039 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.190501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Boson sampling is a fundamentally and practically important task that can be used to demonstrate quantum supremacy using noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. In this Letter, we present classical sampling algorithms for single-photon and Gaussian input states that take advantage of a graph structure of a linear-optical circuit. The algorithms' complexity grows as so-called treewidth, which is closely related to the connectivity of a given linear-optical circuit. Using the algorithms, we study approximated simulations for local Haar-random linear-optical circuits. For equally spaced initial sources, we show that, when the circuit depth is less than the quadratic in the lattice spacing, the efficient simulation is possible with an exponentially small error. Notably, right after this depth, photons start to interfere each other and the algorithms' complexity becomes subexponential in the number of sources, implying that there is a sharp transition of its complexity. Finally, when a circuit is sufficiently deep enough for photons to typically propagate to all modes, the complexity becomes exponential as generic sampling algorithms. We numerically implement a likelihood test with a recent Gaussian boson sampling experiment and show that the treewidth-based algorithm with a limited treewidth renders a larger likelihood than the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhun Oh
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Youngrong Lim
- School of Computational Sciences, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul 02455, Korea
| | - Bill Fefferman
- Department of Computer Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Liang Jiang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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7
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Tran MC, Guo AY, Baldwin CL, Ehrenberg A, Gorshkov AV, Lucas A. Lieb-Robinson Light Cone for Power-Law Interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:160401. [PMID: 34723583 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.160401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Lieb-Robinson theorem states that information propagates with a finite velocity in quantum systems on a lattice with nearest-neighbor interactions. What are the speed limits on information propagation in quantum systems with power-law interactions, which decay as 1/r^{α} at distance r? Here, we present a definitive answer to this question for all exponents α>2d and all spatial dimensions d. Schematically, information takes time at least r^{min{1,α-2d}} to propagate a distance r. As recent state transfer protocols saturate this bound, our work closes a decades-long hunt for optimal Lieb-Robinson bounds on quantum information dynamics with power-law interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh C Tran
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Andrew Y Guo
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Christopher L Baldwin
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Adam Ehrenberg
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Alexey V Gorshkov
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Andrew Lucas
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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8
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Kuwahara T, Saito K. Lieb-Robinson Bound and Almost-Linear Light Cone in Interacting Boson Systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:070403. [PMID: 34459632 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.070403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we investigate how quickly local perturbations propagate in interacting boson systems with Bose-Hubbard-type Hamiltonians. In general, these systems have unbounded local energies, and arbitrarily fast information propagation may occur. We focus on a specific but experimentally natural situation in which the number of bosons at any one site in the unperturbed initial state is approximately limited. We rigorously prove the existence of an almost-linear information-propagation light cone, thus establishing a Lieb-Robinson bound: the wave front grows at most as t log^{2}(t). We prove the clustering theorem for gapped ground states and study the time complexity of classically simulating one-dimensional quench dynamics, a topic of great practical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Kuwahara
- Mathematical Science Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project (AIP),1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan
| | - Keiji Saito
- Department of Physics, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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9
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Orre VV, Goldschmidt EA, Deshpande A, Gorshkov AV, Tamma V, Hafezi M, Mittal S. Interference of Temporally Distinguishable Photons Using Frequency-Resolved Detection. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:123603. [PMID: 31633982 PMCID: PMC8489807 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.123603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate quantum interference of three photons that are distinguishable in time by resolving them in the conjugate parameter frequency. We show that the multiphoton interference pattern in our setup can be manipulated by tuning the relative delays between the photons, without the need for reconfiguring the optical network. Furthermore, we observe that the symmetries of our optical network and the spectral amplitude of the input photons are manifested in the interference pattern. We also demonstrate time-reversed Hong-Ou-Mandel-like interference in the spectral correlations using time-bin entangled photon pairs. By adding a time-varying dispersion using a phase modulator, our setup can be used to realize dynamically reconfigurable and scalable boson sampling in the time domain as well as frequency-resolved multiboson correlation sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Vikram Orre
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and IREAP, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Goldschmidt
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, USA
| | - Abhinav Deshpande
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Alexey V. Gorshkov
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Vincenzo Tamma
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3QL, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Hafezi
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and IREAP, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Sunil Mittal
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and IREAP, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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10
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Tran MC, Guo AY, Su Y, Garrison JR, Eldredge Z, Foss-Feig M, Childs AM, Gorshkov AV. Locality and Digital Quantum Simulation of Power-Law Interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. X 2019; 9:10.1103/PhysRevX.9.031006. [PMID: 32117576 PMCID: PMC7047884 DOI: 10.1103/physrevx.9.031006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The propagation of information in nonrelativistic quantum systems obeys a speed limit known as a Lieb-Robinson bound. We derive a new Lieb-Robinson bound for systems with interactions that decay with distance r as a power law, 1/r α . The bound implies an effective light cone tighter than all previous bounds. Our approach is based on a technique for approximating the time evolution of a system, which was first introduced as part of a quantum simulation algorithm by Haah et al., FOCS'18. To bound the error of the approximation, we use a known Lieb-Robinson bound that is weaker than the bound we establish. This result brings the analysis full circle, suggesting a deep connection between Lieb-Robinson bounds and digital quantum simulation. In addition to the new Lieb-Robinson bound, our analysis also gives an error bound for the Haah et al. quantum simulation algorithm when used to simulate power-law decaying interactions. In particular, we show that the gate count of the algorithm scales with the system size better than existing algorithms when α > 3D (where D is the number of dimensions).
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh C. Tran
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Andrew Y. Guo
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Yuan Su
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - James R. Garrison
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Zachary Eldredge
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Michael Foss-Feig
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- United States Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, USA
| | - Andrew M. Childs
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Alexey V. Gorshkov
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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