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Biró L, Csehi A. Attosecond Probing of Nuclear Vibrations in the D 2+ and HeH + Molecular Ions. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:858-867. [PMID: 38277484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c07031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
We study the ultrafast photodissociation of small diatomic molecules using attosecond laser pulses of moderate intensity in the (extreme) ultraviolet regime. The simultaneous application of subfemtosecond laser pulses with different photon energies─resonant in the region of the molecular motion─allows one to monitor the vibrational dynamics of simple diatomics, like the D2+ and HeH+ molecular ions. In our real-time wave packet simulations, the nuclear dynamics is initiated either by sudden ionization (D2+) or by explicit pump pulses (HeH+) via distortion of the potential energy of the molecule. The application of time-delayed attosecond pulses leads to the breakup of the molecules, and the information on the underlying bound-state dynamics is imprinted in the kinetic energy release (KER) spectra of the outgoing fragments. We show that the KER-delay spectrograms generated in our ultrafast pump-probe schemes are able to reconstruct the most important features of the molecular motion within a given electronic state, such as the time period or amplitude of oscillations, interference patterns, or the revival and splitting of the nuclear wave packet. The impact of probe pulse duration, which is key to the applicability of the presented mapping scheme, is investigated in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Biró
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4002 Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, Hungary
| | - András Csehi
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4002 Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, Hungary
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Endo T, Ziems KM, Richter M, Fröbel FG, Hishikawa A, Gräfe S, Légaré F, Ibrahim H. Post-Ionization Dynamics of the Polar Molecule OCS in Asymmetric Laser Fields. Front Chem 2022; 10:859750. [PMID: 35464205 PMCID: PMC9023801 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.859750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have investigated the dissociation mechanisms of the prototypical heavy polar molecule OCS into the two break-up channels of the dication, OCS2+ → O+ + CS+ and OC+ + S+, in phase-locked two-color intense laser fields. The branching ratio of the breaking of the C–O and C–S bonds followed a pronounced 2π-oscillation with a modulation depth of 11%, depending on the relative phase of the two-color laser fields. The fragment ejection direction of both break-up channels reflects the anisotropy of the tunneling ionization rate, following a 2π-periodicity, as well. The two dissociation pathways in the C–S bond breaking channel show different phase dependencies of the fragment ejection direction, which are assigned to post-ionization dynamics. These observations, resulting from the excitation with asymmetric two-color intense laser fields, supported by state-of-the-art theoretical simulations, reveal the importance of post-ionization population dynamics in addition to tunneling ionization in the molecular fragmentation processes, even for heavy polar molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Endo
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Varennes, QC, Canada
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Kizugawa, Japan
| | - Karl Michael Ziems
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Max Planck School of Photonics, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Richter
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Friedrich G. Fröbel
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Akiyoshi Hishikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Stefanie Gräfe
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Max Planck School of Photonics, Jena, Germany
| | - François Légaré
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Varennes, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: François Légaré, ; Heide Ibrahim,
| | - Heide Ibrahim
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Varennes, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: François Légaré, ; Heide Ibrahim,
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Ma J, Xu L, Ni H, Lu C, Zhang W, Lu P, Wen J, He F, Faucher O, Wu J. Transient Valence Charge Localization in Strong-Field Dissociative Ionization of HCl Molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:183201. [PMID: 34767394 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.183201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Probing transient charge localization in the innershell orbital of atoms and molecules has been made possible by the recent progress of advanced light sources. Here, we demonstrate that the ultrafast electron tunneling ionization by an intense femtosecond laser pulse could induce an asymmetric transient charge localization in the valence shell of the HCl molecule during the dissociative ionization process. The transient charge localization is encoded in the laser impulse acquired by the outgoing ionic fragments, and the asymmetry is revealed by carefully examining the electron tunneling-site distinguished momentum angular distribution of the ejected H^{+} fragments. Our work proposes a way to visualize the transient valence charge motion and will stimulate further investigations of the tunneling-site-sensitive ultrafast dynamics of molecules in strong laser fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Liang Xu
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and School of Physics and Astronomy, Collaborative Innovation Center for IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Hongcheng Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Chenxu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Peifen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jin Wen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Feng He
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and School of Physics and Astronomy, Collaborative Innovation Center for IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Olivier Faucher
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Jian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai 201800, China
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Wustelt P, Oppermann F, Mhatre S, Kübel M, Sayler AM, Lein M, Gräfe S, Paulus GG. Laser-Driven Anharmonic Oscillator: Ground-State Dissociation of the Helium Hydride Molecular Ion by Midinfrared Pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:043202. [PMID: 34355921 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.043202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The vibrational motion of molecules represents a fundamental example of an anharmonic oscillator. Using a prototype molecular system, HeH^{+}, we demonstrate that appropriate laser pulses make it possible to drive the nuclear motion in the anharmonic potential of the electronic ground state, increasing its energy above the potential barrier and facilitating dissociation by purely vibrational excitation. We find excellent agreement between the frequency-dependent response of the helium hydride molecular cation to both classical and quantum mechanical simulations, thus removing any ambiguities through electronic excitation. Our results provide access to the rich dynamics of anharmonic quantum oscillator systems and pave the way to state-selective control schemes in ground-state chemistry by the adequate choice of the laser parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Wustelt
- Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Florian Oppermann
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstraße 2, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Saurabh Mhatre
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Kübel
- Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - A Max Sayler
- Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Manfred Lein
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstraße 2, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gräfe
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Gerhard G Paulus
- Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Wang S, Xu R, Li W, Liu X, Li W, Xin G, Chen Y. Strong-field double ionization dynamics of vibrating HeH + versus HeT . OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:4650-4660. [PMID: 32121698 DOI: 10.1364/oe.384242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We study double ionization (DI) dynamics of vibrating HeH+ versus its isotopic variant HeT+ in strong laser fields numerically. Our simulations show that for both cases, these two electrons in DI prefer to release together along the H(T) side. At the same time, however, the single ionization (SI) is preferred when the first electron escapes along the He side. This potential mechanism is attributed to the interplay of the rescattering of the first electron and the Coulomb induced large ionization time lag. On the other hand, the nuclear motion increases the contributions of these two electrons releasing together along the He side. This effect differentiates DI of HeH+ from HeT+.
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Dnestryan AI, Tolstikhin OI, Madsen LB, Jensen F. Structure factors for tunneling ionization rates of molecules: General grid-based methodology and convergence studies. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:164107. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5046902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey I. Dnestryan
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow 101000, Russia
| | | | - Lars Bojer Madsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Frank Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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