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Li C, Kartashov YV. Stable Vortex Solitons Sustained by Localized Gain in a Cubic Medium. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:213802. [PMID: 38856259 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.213802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
We propose a simple dissipative system with purely cubic defocusing nonlinearity and nonuniform linear gain that can support stable localized dissipative vortex solitons with high topological charges without the utilization of competing nonlinearities and nonlinear gain or losses. Localization of such solitons is achieved due to an intriguing mechanism when defocusing nonlinearity stimulates energy flow from the ringlike region with linear gain to the periphery of the medium where energy is absorbed due to linear background losses. Vortex solitons bifurcate from linear gain-guided vortical modes with eigenvalues depending on topological charges that become purely real only at specific gain amplitudes. Increasing gain amplitude leads to transverse expansion of vortex solitons, but simultaneously it usually also leads to stability enhancement. Increasing background losses allows creation of stable vortex solitons with high topological charges that are usually prone to instabilities in conservative and dissipative systems. Propagation of the perturbed unstable vortex solitons in this system reveals unusual dynamical regimes, when instead of decay or breakup, the initial state transforms into stable vortex solitons with lower or sometimes even with higher topological charge. Our results suggest an efficient mechanism for the formation of nonlinear excited vortex-carrying states with suppressed destructive azimuthal modulational instabilities in a simple setting relevant to a wide class of systems, including polaritonic systems, structured microcavities, and lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Li
- School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
- Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, 108840 Troitsk, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yaroslav V Kartashov
- Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, 108840 Troitsk, Moscow, Russia
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2
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Ricco LS, Shelykh IA, Kavokin A. Qubit gate operations in elliptically trapped polariton condensates. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4211. [PMID: 38378989 PMCID: PMC10879284 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54543-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
We consider bosonic condensates of exciton-polaritons optically confined in elliptical traps. A superposition of two non-degenerated p-type states of the condensate oriented along the two main axes of the trap is represented by a point on a Bloch sphere, being considered as an optically tunable qubit. We describe a set of universal single-qubit gates resulting in a controllable shift of the Bloch vector by means of an auxiliary laser beam. Moreover, we consider interaction mechanisms between two neighboring traps that enable designing two-qubit operations such as CPHASE and CNOT gates. Both the single- and two-qubit gates are analyzed in the presence of error sources in the context of polariton traps, such as pure dephasing and spontaneous relaxation mechanisms, leading to a fidelity reduction of the final qubit states and quantum concurrence, as well as the increase of Von Neumann entropy. We also discuss the applicability of our qubit proposal in the context of DiVincenzo's criteria for the realization of local quantum computing processes. Altogether, the developed set of quantum operations would pave the way to the realization of a variety of quantum algorithms in a planar microcavity with a set of optically induced elliptical traps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano S Ricco
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi-3, IS-107, Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | - Ivan A Shelykh
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi-3, IS-107, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo IC, Bolshoy Bulvar 30 bld. 1, Moscow, 121205, Russia
- Abrikosov Center for Theoretical Physics, MIPT, Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow Region, 141707, Russia
| | - Alexey Kavokin
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia.
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3
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Lovett S, Walker PM, Osipov A, Yulin A, Naik PU, Whittaker CE, Shelykh IA, Skolnick MS, Krizhanovskii DN. Observation of Zitterbewegung in photonic microcavities. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:126. [PMID: 37221208 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01162-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We present and experimentally study the effects of the photonic spin-orbit coupling on the real space propagation of polariton wavepackets in planar semiconductor microcavities and polaritonic analogues of graphene. In particular, we demonstrate the appearance of an analogue Zitterbewegung effect, a term which translates as 'trembling motion' in English, which was originally proposed for relativistic Dirac electrons and consisted of the oscillations of the centre of mass of a wavepacket in the direction perpendicular to its propagation. For a planar microcavity, we observe regular Zitterbewegung oscillations whose amplitude and period depend on the wavevector of the polaritons. We then extend these results to a honeycomb lattice of coupled microcavity resonators. Compared to the planar cavity, such lattices are inherently more tuneable and versatile, allowing simulation of the Hamiltonians of a wide range of important physical systems. We observe an oscillation pattern related to the presence of the spin-split Dirac cones in the dispersion. In both cases, the experimentally observed oscillations are in good agreement with theoretical modelling and independently measured bandstructure parameters, providing strong evidence for the observation of Zitterbewegung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth Lovett
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH, Sheffield, UK
| | - Paul M Walker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH, Sheffield, UK.
| | - Alexey Osipov
- Department of Physics and Technology, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Alexey Yulin
- Department of Physics and Technology, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Pooja Uday Naik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH, Sheffield, UK
| | - Charles E Whittaker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ivan A Shelykh
- Department of Physics and Technology, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, IS-107, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Maurice S Skolnick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH, Sheffield, UK
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4
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Gnusov I, Harrison S, Alyatkin S, Sitnik K, Töpfer J, Sigurdsson H, Lagoudakis P. Quantum vortex formation in the "rotating bucket" experiment with polariton condensates. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd1299. [PMID: 36696501 PMCID: PMC9876539 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The appearance of quantized vortices in the classical "rotating bucket" experiments of liquid helium and ultracold dilute gases provides the means for fundamental and comparative studies of different superfluids. Here, we realize the rotating bucket experiment for optically trapped quantum fluid of light based on exciton-polariton Bose-Einstein condensate in semiconductor microcavity. We use the beating note of two frequency-stabilized single-mode lasers to generate an asymmetric time-periodic rotating, nonresonant excitation profile that both injects and stirs the condensate through its interaction with a background exciton reservoir. The pump-induced external rotation of the condensate results in the appearance of a corotating quantized vortex. We investigate the rotation frequency dependence and reveal the range of stirring frequencies (from 1 to 4 GHz) that favors quantized vortex formation. We describe the phenomenology using the generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Our results enable the study of polariton superfluidity on a par with other superfluids, as well as deterministic, all-optical control over structured nonlinear light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Gnusov
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Stella Harrison
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Sergey Alyatkin
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill Sitnik
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Julian Töpfer
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Helgi Sigurdsson
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Pavlos Lagoudakis
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Corresponding author.
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5
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Wang J, Peng Y, Xu H, Feng J, Huang Y, Wu J, Liew TCH, Xiong Q. Controllable vortex lasing arrays in a geometrically frustrated exciton-polariton lattice at room temperature. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwac096. [PMID: 37601295 PMCID: PMC10433738 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantized vortices appearing in topological excitations of quantum phase transition play a pivotal role in strongly correlated physics involving the underlying confluence of superfluids, Bose-Einstein condensates and superconductors. Exciton polaritons as bosonic quasiparticles have enabled studies of non-equilibrium quantum gases and superfluidity. Exciton-polariton condensates in artificial lattices intuitively emulate energy-band structures and quantum many-body effects of condensed matter, underpinning constructing vortex lattices and controlling quantum fluidic circuits. Here, we harness exciton-polariton quantum fluids of light in a frustrated kagome lattice based on robust metal-halide perovskite microcavities, to demonstrate vortex lasing arrays and modulate their configurations at room temperature. Tomographic energy-momentum spectra unambiguously reveal massless Dirac bands and quenched kinetic-energy flat bands coexisting in kagome lattices, where polariton condensates exhibit prototypical honeycomb and kagome spatial patterns. Spatial coherence investigations illustrate two types of phase textures of polariton condensates carrying ordered quantized-vortex arrays and π-phase shifts, which could be selected when needed using lasing emission energy. Our findings offer a promising platform on which it is possible to study quantum-fluid correlations in complex polaritonic lattices and highlight feasible applications of structured light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and
Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
637371, Singapore
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, and Shanghai Frontiers
Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yutian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of
Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084,
China
| | - Huawen Xu
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and
Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
637371, Singapore
| | - Jiangang Feng
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and
Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
637371, Singapore
| | - Yuqing Huang
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and
Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
637371, Singapore
| | - Jinqi Wu
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and
Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
637371, Singapore
| | - Timothy C H Liew
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and
Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
637371, Singapore
| | - Qihua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of
Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084,
China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences,
Beijing 100193, China
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6
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Gao X, Hu W, Schumacher S, Ma X. Unidirectional vortex waveguides and multistable vortex pairs in polariton condensates. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:3235-3238. [PMID: 35776594 DOI: 10.1364/ol.457724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Vortices carrying quantized topological charges have potential applications in information processing. In this work, we investigate vortex carriers and waveguides in microcavity polariton condensates, nonresonantly excited by a homogeneous pump with intensity grooves. An intensity groove with a ring shape in the pump gives rise to dark-ring states of the condensate with a π-phase jump, akin to dark solitons. The dark-ring states can be destroyed by a stronger density of the surrounding condensate and reduce into vortex-antivortex pairs. Multiple vortex-pair states are found to be stable in the same dark ring of the pump. When the pump ring is broader, higher-order dark states with multiple π-phase jumps can be obtained, and interestingly they can be used to construct vortex waveguides. If a single vortex is imprinted in such waveguides, it can travel in a particular direction, showing one-way transportation. In other words, an imprinted vortex with a certain charge in a specifically designed higher-order dark state is only allowed to propagate unidirectionally.
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7
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Kyriienko O, Krizhanovskii DN, Shelykh IA. Nonlinear Quantum Optics with Trion Polaritons in 2D Monolayers: Conventional and Unconventional Photon Blockade. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:197402. [PMID: 33216594 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.197402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We study a 2D system of trion polaritons at the quantum level and demonstrate that for monolayer semiconductors they can exhibit a strongly nonlinear optical response. The effect is due to the composite nature of trion-based excitations resulting in their nontrivial quantum statistical properties, and enhanced phase space filling effects. We present the full quantum theory to describe the statistics of trion polaritons, and demonstrate that the associated nonlinearity persists at the level of few quanta, where two qualitatively different regimes of photon antibunching are present for weak and strong single photon-trion coupling. We find that single photon emission from trion polaritons becomes experimentally feasible in state-of-the-art transition metal dichalcogenide setups. This can foster the development of quantum polaritonics using 2D monolayers as a material platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Kyriienko
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QL, United Kingdom
| | - D N Krizhanovskii
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - I A Shelykh
- Department of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi-3, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
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8
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Xu X, Liu H, Zhang Z, Liang Z. The non-Hermitian geometrical property of 1D Lieb lattice under Majorana's stellar representation. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:425402. [PMID: 32580179 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab9fd4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The topological properties of non-Hermitian Hamiltonian is a hot topic, and the theoretical studies along this research line are usually based on the two-level non-Hermitian Hamiltonian (or, equivalently, a spin-1/2 non-Hermitian Hamiltonian). We are motivated to study the geometrical phases of a three-level Lieb lattice model (or, equivalently, a spin-1 non-Hermitian Hamiltonian) with the flat band in the context of a polariton condensate. The topological invariants are calculated by both winding numbers in the Brillouin zone and the geometrical phase of Majorana stars on the Bloch sphere. Besides, we provide an intuitive way to study the topological phase transformation with the higher spin, and the flat band offers a platform to define the topological phase transition on the Bloch sphere. According to the trajectories of the Majorana stars, we calculate the geometrical phases of the Majorana stars. We study the Lieb lattice with a complex hopping and find their phases have a jump when the parameters change from the trivial phase to the topological phase. The correlation phase of Majorana stars will rise along with the increase of the imaginary parts of the hopping energy. Besides, we also study the Lieb lattice with different intracell hopping and calculate the geometrical phases of the model using non-Bloch factor under the Majorana's stellar representation. In this case, the correlation phases will always be zero because of the normalized coefficient is always a purely real number and the phase transition is vividly shown with the geometrical phases of the Majorana stars calculated by the mean values of the total phases of both right and the joint left eigenstates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingran Xu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Haodi Liu
- Center for Quantum Sciences and School of Physics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhidong Zhang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxin Liang
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People's Republic of China
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9
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Dusel M, Betzold S, Egorov OA, Klembt S, Ohmer J, Fischer U, Höfling S, Schneider C. Room temperature organic exciton-polariton condensate in a lattice. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2863. [PMID: 32514026 PMCID: PMC7280250 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16656-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Interacting Bosons in artificial lattices have emerged as a modern platform to explore collective manybody phenomena and exotic phases of matter as well as to enable advanced on-chip simulators. On chip, exciton–polaritons emerged as a promising system to implement and study bosonic non-linear systems in lattices, demanding cryogenic temperatures. We discuss an experiment conducted on a polaritonic lattice at ambient conditions: We utilize fluorescent proteins providing ultra-stable Frenkel excitons. Their soft nature allows for mechanically shaping them in the photonic lattice. We demonstrate controlled loading of the coherent condensate in distinct orbital lattice modes of different symmetries. Finally, we explore the self-localization of the condensate in a gap-state, driven by the interplay of effective interaction and negative effective mass in our lattice. We believe that this work establishes organic polaritons as a serious contender to the well-established GaAs platform for a wide range of applications relying on coherent Bosons in lattices. Many studies of polariton condensates have been limited to low temperatures. Here the authors demonstrate ambient polariton condensation in lattices using organic traps that profit from the stability of organic excitons and the large Rabi splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dusel
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institut and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany.
| | - S Betzold
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institut and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - O A Egorov
- Institute of Condensed Matter Theory and Solid State Optics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - S Klembt
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institut and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - J Ohmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - U Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - S Höfling
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institut and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany.,SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - C Schneider
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institut and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany.
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10
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Barkhausen F, Schumacher S, Ma X. Multistable circular currents of polariton condensates trapped in ring potentials. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:1192-1195. [PMID: 32108803 DOI: 10.1364/ol.386250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the formation and trapping of different stationary solutions, oscillatory solutions, and rotating solutions of a polariton condensate in a planar semiconductor microcavity with a built-in ring-shaped potential well. Multistable ring-shaped solutions are trapped in shallow potential wells. These solutions have the same ring-shaped density distribution but different topological charges, corresponding to different orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the emitted light. For stronger confinement potentials, besides the fundamental modes, higher excited (dipole) modes can also be trapped. If two modes are excited simultaneously, their beating produces a complex oscillation or rotation dynamics. When the two modes have the same OAM, a double-ring solution forms for which the density oscillates between the inner and the outer ring. When the two modes have different OAM, a rotating solution with fractional OAM is created.
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11
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Ma X, Berger B, Aßmann M, Driben R, Meier T, Schneider C, Höfling S, Schumacher S. Realization of all-optical vortex switching in exciton-polariton condensates. Nat Commun 2020; 11:897. [PMID: 32060289 PMCID: PMC7021691 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14702-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Vortices are topological objects representing the circular motion of a fluid. With their additional degree of freedom, the vorticity, they have been widely investigated in many physical systems and different materials for fundamental interest and for applications in data storage and information processing. Vortices have also been observed in non-equilibrium exciton-polariton condensates in planar semiconductor microcavities. There they appear spontaneously or can be created and pinned in space using ring-shaped optical excitation profiles. However, using the vortex state for information processing not only requires creation of a vortex but also efficient control over the vortex after its creation. Here we demonstrate a simple approach to control and switch a localized polariton vortex between opposite states. In our scheme, both the optical control of vorticity and its detection through the orbital angular momentum of the emitted light are implemented in a robust and practical manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuekai Ma
- Department of Physics and Center for Optoelectronics and Photonics Paderborn (CeOPP), Universität Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany.
| | - Bernd Berger
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Marc Aßmann
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Rodislav Driben
- Department of Physics and Center for Optoelectronics and Photonics Paderborn (CeOPP), Universität Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Torsten Meier
- Department of Physics and Center for Optoelectronics and Photonics Paderborn (CeOPP), Universität Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Christian Schneider
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institut and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sven Höfling
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institut and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Stefan Schumacher
- Department of Physics and Center for Optoelectronics and Photonics Paderborn (CeOPP), Universität Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany.,College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
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12
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Kartashov YV, Zezyulin DA. Rotating patterns in polariton condensates in ring-shaped potentials under a bichromatic pump. OPTICS LETTERS 2019; 44:4805-4808. [PMID: 31568447 DOI: 10.1364/ol.44.004805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We consider a polariton condensate in a microcavity driven by a bichromatic resonant pump formed by two vortical laser beams carrying different topological charges. The system is additionally confined in a ring-shaped potential. We show that in this system, steadily rotating nonlinear localized modes can be excited, whose angular rotation frequency is determined by optical frequencies and topological charges of the pump beams. When pump frequencies approach eigenfrequencies of the modes of the ring potential, resonant growth of peak amplitude of the excited states occurs. Repulsive polariton-polariton interactions lead to tilting of the resonance curves and appearance of bistability of rotating patterns.
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