1
|
Abbasian Chaleshtari Z, Foudazi R. Rheological study of nanoemulsions with repulsive and attractive interdroplet interactions. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:8337-8348. [PMID: 37873582 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00932g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Nanoemulsions have adjustable transparency, tunable rheology, high stability, and low sensitivity to changes in pH and temperature, which make them interesting for applications such as low-fat and low-calorie foods. In this research, we study model concentrated nanoemulsions which are stabilized by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). To prepare samples in different structural states, semi-dilute nanoemulsions are prepared at 25% droplet volume fraction (φ), after which evaporating the continuous phase at room temperature leads to concentrated nanoemulsions up to 60% volume fraction. Surfactant concentration is also tuned to induce different interdroplet interactions so that concentrated nanoemulsions in repulsive glass, attractive glass, and gel states are achieved. Rheological properties of nanoemulsions with different structural states are comprehensively studied over a volume fraction range. Utilizing the existing predictive models for (nano)emulsion rheology reveals a more satisfactory prediction for repulsive systems than systems with attractive interactions. In addition, a master curve is constructed for storage and loss moduli of nanoemulsions with different interdroplet interactions. The present work offers control over physicochemical properties of nanoemulsions for design of new food products with enhanced quality and functionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Reza Foudazi
- School of Sustainable Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abbasian Chaleshtari Z, Salimi-Kenari H, Foudazi R. Glassy and compressed nanoemulsions stabilized with sodium dodecyl sulfate in the presence of poly(ethylene glycol)-diacrylate. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:5989-6004. [PMID: 37497795 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00349c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The rheology of concentrated nanoemulsions is critical for their formulation in various applications, such as pharmaceuticals, foods, cosmetics, and templating advanced materials. The rheological properties of nanoemulsions depend on interdroplet interactions, Laplace pressure, dispersed phase volume fraction, and continuous phase properties. The interdroplet forces can be tuned by background electrolytes (i.e., charge screening), surfactant type, the excess surfactant micelle concentration, and depletant molecules such as polymer chains. In the current research, we study the effect of varying the content of poly(ethylene glycol)-diacrylate (PEGDA) on the interfacial tension of the water-oil phase and rheological properties of concentrated nanoemulsions with 50% and 60% volume fractions. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is used as the ionic surfactant. The final concentrated nanoemulsions are repulsive according to overall interaction potentials and are in the glass and compressed states based on the effective volume fraction estimation. They contain nearly same SDS concentration on the droplet surface and also in the bulk, but a different amount of PEGDA. The scaled rheological properties of the glassy nanoemulsions show a higher dependency on the PEGDA content and the possible effect of polymer-surfactant complexations compared to those of the compressed ones. This dependency is more pronounced in small strain amplitudes but not in large strains in the non-linear regime. These results provide insights into formulating concentrated nanoemulsions with controlled rheology for expanded application areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamed Salimi-Kenari
- Faculty of Engineering & Technology, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Reza Foudazi
- School of Sustainable Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang J, Zheng W, Tong H, Xu N. Revealing the characteristic length of random close packing via critical-like random pinning. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:1836-1842. [PMID: 35167643 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01697k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
By randomly pinning particles in fluidized states and finding the local energy minima, we form static packings of mono-disperse disks that resemble random close packing, when only nc = 2.6% of the particles are pinned. The packings are isostatic and exhibit typical critical scalings of the jamming transition. The non-triviality of nc is manifested mainly in two aspects. First, nc acts as a critical point, leading to bifurcated critical scalings in its vicinity. The criticality of nc is also demonstrated in the packings of weakly polydisperse disks. Second, nc sets a length scale in agreement with the characteristic length of random close packing. With robust evidence, we show that this agreement is generally true for both mono- and poly-disperse particles and in both two and three dimensions. The randomness inherited from fluidized states by random pinning thus interprets the randomness of random close packing from a unique perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Wen Zheng
- Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China.
- Institute of Public Safety and Big Data, College of Data Science, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030060, P. R. China
| | - Hua Tong
- Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mechanistic understanding of the performance of personalized 3D-printed cardiovascular polypills: A case study of patient-centered therapy. Int J Pharm 2022; 617:121599. [PMID: 35182706 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The 3D printing has become important in drug development for patient-centric therapy by combining multiple drugs with different release characteristics in a single polypill. This study explores the critical formulation and geometric variables for tailoring the release of Atorvastatin and Metoprolol as model drugs in a polypill when manufactured via pressure-assisted-microextrusion 3D printing technology. The effects of these variables on the extrudability of printing materials, drug release and other quality characteristics of polypills were studied employing a definitive screening design. The extrudability of printing materials was evaluated in terms of flow pressure, non-recoverable strain, compression rate, and elastic/plastic flow. The extrudability results helped in defining an operating space free of printing defects. The Atorvastatin compartment of polypill consisted of mesh-shaped layers while Metoprolol compartment consisted of a core surrounded by a release controlling shell with a hydrophobic septum between the two compartments. The results indicated that both the formulation and geometric variables govern the drug release of the polypill. Specifically, the use of HPMC E3 matrix, and a 2 mm distance between the strands at a weaving angle of 90° were critical in achieving the desired immediate-release profile of Atorvastatin. The core and shell design primarily determined the desired extended-release profile of Metoprolol. The carbopol and HPMC K100 concentration of 1% in the core and 10% in the shell and the number of shell layers in Metoprolol compartment were critical for achieving the desired Metoprolol dissolution. Polymer and Metoprolol content of the shell and shell-thickness affected the mechanical strength of the polypills. In conclusion, the 3D printing provides the flexibility for independently tailoring the release of different drugs in the same dosage form for patient centric therapy, and both the formulation and geometric parameters need to be optimized to achieve desired drug release.
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Abstract
The review presents current research results for Carbopol-based microgels as yield-stress materials, covering three aspects: chemical, physical and rheological. Such a joint three-aspect study has no analog in the literature. The chemical aspects of Carbopol polymers are presented in terms of a cross-linking polymerization of acrylic acid, their molecular structure, microgel formulation, polyacid dissociation and neutralization, osmotic pressure and associated immense microgel swelling. The physical characterization is focused on models of the shear-induced solid-to-liquid transition of microgels, which are formed of mesoscopic particles typical for soft matter materials. Models that describe interparticle effects are presented to explain the energy states of microgel particles at the mesoscale of scrutiny. Typical representatives of the models utilize attributes of jamming dispersions, micromechanical and polyelectrolyte reactions. Selected relationships that result from the models, such as scaling rules and nondimensional flow characteristics are also presented. The rheological part presents the discussion of problems of yield stress in 2D and 3D deformations, appearance and magnitude of the wall slip. The theory and characteristics of Carbopol microgel deformation in rotational rheometers are presented with graphs for the steady-state measurements, stress-controlled oscillation and two types of transient shear deformation. The review is concluded with suggestions for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zdzisław Jaworski
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology , Aleja Piastow 42 , 71-065 , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Tadeusz Spychaj
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology , Aleja Piastow 42 , 71-065 , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Anna Story
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology , Aleja Piastow 42 , 71-065 , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Grzegorz Story
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology , Aleja Piastow 42 , 71-065 , Szczecin , Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Peshkov A, Teitel S. Critical scaling of compression-driven jamming of athermal frictionless spheres in suspension. Phys Rev E 2021; 103:L040901. [PMID: 34006006 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.l040901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We study numerically a system of athermal, overdamped, frictionless spheres, as in a non-Brownian suspension, in two and three dimensions. Compressing the system isotropically at a fixed rate ε[over ̇], we investigate the critical behavior at the jamming transition. The finite compression rate introduces a control timescale, which allows one to probe the critical timescale associated with jamming. As was found previously for steady-state shear-driven jamming, we find for compression-driven jamming that pressure obeys a critical scaling relation as a function of packing fraction ϕ and compression rate ε[over ̇], and that the bulk viscosity p/ε[over ̇] diverges upon jamming. A scaling analysis determines the critical exponents associated with the compression-driven jamming transition. Our results suggest that stress-isotropic, compression-driven jamming may be in the same universality class as stress-anisotropic, shear-driven jamming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Peshkov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - S Teitel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cao C, Liao J, Breedveld V, Weeks ER. Rheology finds distinct glass and jamming transitions in emulsions. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:2587-2595. [PMID: 33514990 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm02097d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We study the rheology of monodisperse and bidisperse emulsions with various droplet sizes (1-2 μm diameter). Above a critical volume fraction φc, these systems exhibit solid-like behavior and a yield stress can be detected. Previous experiments suggest that for small thermal particles, rheology will see a glass transition at φc = φg ≈ 0.58; for large athermal systems, rheology will see a jamming transition at φc = φJ ≈ 0.64. However, simulations point out that at the crossover of thermal and athermal regimes, the glass and jamming transitions may both be observed in the same sample. Here we conduct an experiment by shearing four oil-in-water emulsions with a rheometer. We observe both a glass and a jamming transition for our smaller diameter droplets, and only a jamming transition for our larger diameter droplets. The bidisperse sample behaves similarly to the small droplet sample, with two transitions observed. Our rheology data are well-fit by both the Herschel-Bulkley model and the three component model. Based on the fitting parameters, our raw rheological data would not collapse onto a master curve. Our results show that liquid-solid transitions in dispersions are not universal, but depend on particle size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Cao
- Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Jianshan Liao
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Victor Breedveld
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Eric R Weeks
- Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Graziano R, Preziosi V, Uva D, Tomaiuolo G, Mohebbi B, Claussen J, Guido S. The microstructure of Carbopol in water under static and flow conditions and its effect on the yield stress. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 582:1067-1074. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
9
|
Yu JW, Rahbari SHE, Kawasaki T, Park H, Lee WB. Active microrheology of a bulk metallic glass. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaba8766. [PMID: 32832632 PMCID: PMC7439307 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba8766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The glass transition remains unclarified in condensed matter physics. Investigating the mechanical properties of glass is challenging because any global deformation that might result in shear rejuvenation would require a prohibitively long relaxation time. Moreover, glass is well known to be heterogeneous, and a global perturbation would prevent exploration of local mechanical/transport properties. However, investigation based on a local probe, i.e., microrheology, may overcome these problems. Here, we establish active microrheology of a bulk metallic glass, via a probe particle driven into host medium glass. This technique is amenable to experimental investigations via nanoindentation tests. We provide distinct evidence of a strong relationship between the microscopic dynamics of the probe particle and the macroscopic properties of the host medium glass. These findings establish active microrheology as a promising technique for investigating the local properties of bulk metallic glass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Woong Yu
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - S. H. E. Rahbari
- School of Physics, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul 02455, Korea
| | - Takeshi Kawasaki
- Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Hyunggyu Park
- School of Physics, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul 02455, Korea
| | - Won Bo Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ikeda A, Kawasaki T, Berthier L, Saitoh K, Hatano T. Universal Relaxation Dynamics of Sphere Packings below Jamming. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:058001. [PMID: 32083930 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.058001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We show that non-Brownian suspensions of repulsive spheres below jamming display a slow relaxational dynamics with a characteristic timescale that diverges at jamming. This slow timescale is fully encoded in the structure of the unjammed packing and can be readily measured via the vibrational density of states. We show that the corresponding dynamic critical exponent is the same for randomly generated and sheared packings. Our results show that a wide variety of physical situations, from suspension rheology to algorithmic studies of the jamming transition are controlled by a unique diverging timescale, with a universal critical exponent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Ikeda
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
- Research Center for Complex Systems Biology, Universal Biology Institute, University of Tokyo, Komaba, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawasaki
- Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Ludovic Berthier
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Kuniyasu Saitoh
- Research Alliance Center for Mathematical Sciences & WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hatano
- Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University, 560-0043 Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|