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Sanchis-Gual N, Zilhão M, Cardoso V. Electromagnetic emission from axionic boson star collisions. Int J Clin Exp Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.106.064034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Roy R, Vagnozzi S, Visinelli L. Superradiance evolution of black hole shadows revisited. Int J Clin Exp Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.105.083002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Brito R, Grillo S, Pani P. Black Hole Superradiant Instability from Ultralight Spin-2 Fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:211101. [PMID: 32530649 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.211101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ultralight bosonic fields are compelling dark-matter candidates and arise in a variety of beyond standard model scenarios. These fields can tap energy and angular momentum from spinning black holes through superradiant instabilities, during which a macroscopic bosonic condensate develops around the black hole. Striking features of this phenomenon include gaps in the spin-mass distribution of astrophysical black holes and a continuous gravitational-wave (GW) signal emitted by the condensate. So far these processes have been studied in great detail for scalar fields and, more recently, for vector fields. Here we take an important step forward in the black hole superradiance program by computing, analytically, the instability timescale, direct GW emission, and stochastic background, in the case of massive tensor (i.e., spin-2) fields. Our analysis is valid for any black hole spin and for small boson masses. The instability of massive spin-2 fields shares some properties with the scalar and vector cases, but its phenomenology is much richer, for example, there exist multiple modes with comparable instability timescales, and the dominant GW signal is hexadecapolar rather than quadrupolar. Electromagnetic and GW observations of spinning black holes in the mass range M∈(1,10^{10}) M_{⊙} can constrain the mass of a putative spin-2 field in the range 10^{-22}≲m_{b} c^{2}/eV≲10^{-10} . For 10^{-17}≲m_{b} c^{2}/eV≲10^{-15} , the space mission LISA could detect the continuous GW signal for sources at redshift z=20, or even larger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Brito
- Dipartimento di Fisica, "Sapienza" Università di Roma and Sezione INFN Roma1, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Sara Grillo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, "Sapienza" Università di Roma and Sezione INFN Roma1, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica G. Occhialini, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Paolo Pani
- Dipartimento di Fisica, "Sapienza" Università di Roma and Sezione INFN Roma1, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
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Chen Y, Shu J, Xue X, Yuan Q, Zhao Y. Probing Axions with Event Horizon Telescope Polarimetric Measurements. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:061102. [PMID: 32109092 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.061102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With high spatial resolution, polarimetric imaging of a supermassive black hole, like M87^{⋆} or Sgr A^{⋆}, by the Event Horizon Telescope can be used to probe the existence of ultralight bosonic particles, such as axions. Such particles can accumulate around a rotating black hole through the superradiance mechanism, forming an axion cloud. When linearly polarized photons are emitted from an accretion disk near the horizon, their position angles oscillate due to the birefringent effect when traveling through the axion background. In particular, the observations of supermassive black holes M87^{⋆} (Sgr A^{⋆}) can probe the dimensionless axion-photon coupling c=2πg_{aγ}f_{a} for axions with mass around O(10^{-20}) eV [O(10^{-17}) eV] and decay constant f_{a}<O(10^{16}) GeV, which is complimentary to other axion measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies (LPTHE), UMR 7589, Sorbonne Université et CNRS, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Jing Shu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Center for High Energy Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Xue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Yuan
- Center for High Energy Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
- School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 14 Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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Cardoso V, Vicente R. Moving black holes: Energy extraction, absorption cross section, and the ring of fire. Int J Clin Exp Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.100.084001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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McManus R, Berti E, Macedo CF, Kimura M, Maselli A, Cardoso V. Parametrized black hole quasinormal ringdown. II. Coupled equations and quadratic corrections for nonrotating black holes. Int J Clin Exp Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.100.044061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ghosh S, Berti E, Brito R, Richartz M. Follow-up signals from superradiant instabilities of black hole merger remnants. Int J Clin Exp Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.99.104030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ficarra G, Pani P, Witek H. Impact of multiple modes on the black-hole superradiant instability. Int J Clin Exp Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.99.104019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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