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Wu H, Tang J, Chen M, Xiao M, Lu Y, Xia K, Nori F. Passive magnetic-free broadband optical isolator based on unidirectional self-induced transparency. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:11010-11021. [PMID: 38570960 DOI: 10.1364/oe.507019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Achieving a broadband nonreciprocal device without gain and any external bias is very challenging and highly desirable for modern photonic technologies and quantum networks. Here we theoretically propose a passive and magnetic-free all-optical isolator for a femtosecond laser pulse by exploiting a new mechanism of unidirectional self-induced transparency, obtained with a nonlinear medium followed by a normal absorbing medium at one side. The transmission contrast between the forward and backward directions can reach 14.3 dB for a 2π - 5 fs laser pulse. The 20 dB bandwidth is about 56 nm, already comparable with a magneto-optical isolator. This work provides a new mechanism which may benefit non-magnetic isolation of ultrashort laser pulses.
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2
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Zhao B, Zhou KX, Wei MR, Cao J, Guo Q. Nonreciprocal strong mechanical squeezing based on the Sagnac effect and two-tone driving. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:486-489. [PMID: 38300040 DOI: 10.1364/ol.510053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
We propose a scheme for generating nonreciprocal strong mechanical squeezing by using two-tone lasers to drive a spinning optomechanical system. For given driving frequencies, strong mechanical squeezing of the breathing mode in the spinning resonator can be achieved in a chosen driving direction but not in the other. The nonreciprocity originates from the Sagnac effect caused by the resonator's spinning. We also find the classical nonreciprocity and the quantum nonreciprocity can be switched by simply changing the angular velocity of the spinning resonator. We show that the scheme is robust to the system's dissipations and the mechanical thermal noise. This work may be meaningful for the study of nonreciprocal device and quantum precision measurement.
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3
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Geng Y, Pei X, Li G, Lin X, Zhang H, Yan D, Yang H. Spatial susceptibility modulation and controlled unidirectional reflection amplification via four-wave mixing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:38228-38239. [PMID: 38017934 DOI: 10.1364/oe.499738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Control of unidirectional light propagation is of paramount importantance to optical signal processing and optical communication. Especially, the amplified optical signal can isolate noise well that may provide more applications. In this work, we propose a dynamically modulated regime to realize unidirectional reflection amplification in a short and dense uniform atomic medium, and all atoms are driven into four-level double-Λ type by two coupling fields with linearly varied intensities along x direction and two weak probe fields. Based on four-wave mixing resonance and the broken spatial symmetry, the complete nonreciprocal reflection (unidirectional reflection) can be amplified with reflectivity more than 2.0, even to 6.0. In addition, the width, height, and position of the unidirectional reflection bands can be tunable. Thus, our regime is feasible and may inspire further applications in all-optical networks that require controllable unidirectional light amplification.
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4
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Gao XC, Wu XJ, Bai CH, Wu SX, Yu CS. Photon blockade with a trapped Λ-type three-level atom in asymmetrical cavity. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:36796-36809. [PMID: 38017822 DOI: 10.1364/oe.501689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
We propose a scheme to manipulate strong and nonreciprocal photon blockades in asymmetrical Fabry-Perot cavity with a Λ-type three-level atom. Utilizing the mechanisms of both conventional and unconventional blockade, the strong photon blockade is achieved by the anharmonic eigenenergy spectrum brought by Λ-type atom and the destructive quantum interference effect induced by a microwave field. By optimizing the system parameters, the manipulation of strong photon blockade over a wide range of cavity detuning can be realized. Using spatial symmetry breaking introduced by the asymmetry of cavity, the direction-dependent nonreciprocal photon blockade can be achieved, and the nonreciprocity can reach the maximum at optimal cavity detuning. In particular, manipulating the occurring position of nonreciprocal photon blockade can be implemented by simply adjusting the cavity detuning. Our scheme provides feasible access for generating high-quality nonreciprocal single-photon sources.
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5
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Wei X, Liang Y, Sun Y, Zou Y, Fang Y, Xu T, Peng W. Asymmetric transmission devices empowered by a cascaded structure of a dielectric metasurface-photonic crystal. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:5065-5068. [PMID: 37773386 DOI: 10.1364/ol.502404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, we theoretically propose an all-dielectric quasi-three-dimensional subwavelength structure constructed by a dielectric metasurface cascaded with a multilayer photonic crystal (PC) to achieve a high-performance asymmetric optical transmission (AOT). The desired optical control of the AOT is realized by combining the predetermined anomalous beam steering of a phase gradient metasurface with a unique bandgap as well as transmission characteristics of the multilayered stacked PC. The simulated results demonstrate that the proposed AOT device operating at the center wavelength of 633 nm with a circularly polarized state exhibits a high transmission of up to 62.4% with a contrast ratio exceeding 606. The excellent performance of AOT is achieved by making disassembled transverse magnetic and transverse electric polarized light under the same deflection angle concurrently match with respective high-efficient transmission bands in the multilayer PC. Furthermore, dependence of the performance of the proposed device on structural dimensions is also explored. Fortunately, the designed AOT structure is applicable to any linearly polarized light but is accompanied by double diffraction channels as compared to the circularly polarized light case. Owing to its planar configuration, passive operation, and compelling performance under various polarization states, the proposed strategy for achieving AOT paves a new road for realizing high-performance optical metadevices in compact optical systems.
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6
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Pei XS, Zhang HX, Pan MM, Geng Y, Li TM, Yang H. Two-color unidirectional reflections by modulating the spatial susceptibility in a homogeneous atomic medium. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:14694-14704. [PMID: 37157328 DOI: 10.1364/oe.488247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Non-reciprocal reflections of optical signals are unusual yet fascinating to achieve the imminent applications of non-reciprocal photonic devices and circuits. The complete non-reciprocal reflection (unidirectional reflection) was recently found to be achievable in a homogeneous medium, if the real and imaginary parts of the probe susceptibility satisfy the spatial Kramers-Kronig (KK) relation. We propose a coherent four-level tripod model for realizing dynamically tunable two-color non-reciprocal reflections by applying two control fields with linearly modulated intensities. We found that, the unidirectional reflection can be obtained if the non-reciprocal frequency regions are located in the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) windows. This mechanism is to break the spatial symmetry by the spatial modulation of susceptibility to induce unidirectional reflections, the real and imaginary parts of the probe susceptibility are no longer required to satisfy the spatial KK relation.
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7
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Abo S, Chimczak G, Kowalewska-Kudłaszyk A, Peřina J, Chhajlany R, Miranowicz A. Hybrid photon-phonon blockade. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17655. [PMID: 36271120 PMCID: PMC9587303 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21267-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a novel type of blockade in a hybrid mode generated by linear coupling of photonic and phononic modes. We refer to this effect as hybrid photon-phonon blockade and show how it can be generated and detected in a driven nonlinear optomechanical superconducting system. Thus, we study boson-number correlations in the photon, phonon, and hybrid modes in linearly coupled microwave and mechanical resonators with a superconducting qubit inserted in one of them. We find such system parameters for which we observe eight types of different combinations of either blockade or tunnelling effects (defined via the sub- and super-Poissonian statistics, respectively) for photons, phonons, and hybrid bosons. In particular, we find that the hybrid photon-phonon blockade can be generated by mixing the photonic and phononic modes which do not exhibit blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilan Abo
- Institute of Spintronics and Quantum Information, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Chimczak
- Institute of Spintronics and Quantum Information, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Kowalewska-Kudłaszyk
- Institute of Spintronics and Quantum Information, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jan Peřina
- Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of CAS, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ravindra Chhajlany
- Institute of Spintronics and Quantum Information, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Adam Miranowicz
- Institute of Spintronics and Quantum Information, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
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8
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Wang M, Li T, Zhang Y, Pei X, Yang H. Three-color reflections in one-dimensional ordered and disordered atomic lattices with trapped N-type cold atoms. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:34887-34897. [PMID: 36242491 DOI: 10.1364/oe.463767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Investigating and controlling light propagation in one-dimensional (1D) ordered and disordered atomic lattices is critical both fundamentally and for applications. In this study, cold atoms are trapped in 1D optical lattice and driven to the four-level N configuration. In each period, the atoms exhibit a Gaussian density distribution with the average atomic density N0 (1 + Δk). When the random number Δk = 0 (the atomic density Nk(z)) corresponding to an ordered 1D atomic lattice, there are three reflection regions of high reflectivity located in two EIT windows and one large detuning range. However, the atomic density may increase (N k+(z) with Δk > 0) or decrease (N k-(z) with Δk < 0) owing to the imperfect manufacturing process or random distribution of atoms corresponding to a disordered atomic lattice. The results show that the width and height of reflections can be raised (reduced) by the increased (decreased) ratio of N k+(z)/N k (z) (N k-(z)/N k (z)) with the random distribution of lattice cells with N k+(z) (N k-(z)). When a cluster of disordered lattice cells with N k+(z) and N k-(z) is located at the front or tail of the atomic lattice, reflection symmetry can be broken. However, the symmetry and robustness can be well preserved with the random fluctuation of the average atomic density in each lattice cell.
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9
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Tan J, Xu X, Lu J, Zhou L. Few-photon optical diode in a chiral waveguide. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:28696-28709. [PMID: 36299059 DOI: 10.1364/oe.464588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We study the coherent transport of one or two photons in a one-dimensional waveguide chirally coupled to a nonlinear resonator. Analytic solutions of the one-photon and two-photon scattering is derived. Although the resonator acts as a non-reciprocal phase shifter, light transmission is reciprocal at one-photon level. However, the forward and reverse transmitted probabilities for two photons incident from either the left side or the right side of the nonlinear resonator are nonreciprocal due to the energy redistribution of the two-photon bound state. Hence, the nonlinear resonator acts as an optical diode at two-photon level.
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10
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Tang JS, Nie W, Tang L, Chen M, Su X, Lu Y, Nori F, Xia K. Nonreciprocal Single-Photon Band Structure. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:203602. [PMID: 35657886 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.203602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We study a single-photon band structure in a one-dimensional coupled-resonator optical waveguide that chirally couples to an array of two-level quantum emitters (QEs). The chiral interaction between the resonator mode and the QE can break the time-reversal symmetry without the magneto-optical effect and an external or synthetic magnetic field. As a result, nonreciprocal single-photon edge states, band gaps, and flat bands appear. By using such a chiral QE coupled-resonator optical waveguide system, including a finite number of unit cells and working in the nonreciprocal band gap, we achieve frequency-multiplexed single-photon circulators with high fidelity and low insertion loss. The chiral QE-light interaction can also protect one-way propagation of single photons against backscattering. Our work opens a new door for studying unconventional photonic band structures without electronic counterparts in condensed matter and exploring its applications in the quantum regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Shan Tang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Nie
- RIKEN Quantum Computing Center, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Center for Joint Quantum Studies and Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lei Tang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mingyuan Chen
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xin Su
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yanqing Lu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Franco Nori
- RIKEN Quantum Computing Center, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - Keyu Xia
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China
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11
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Guo Y, Zhang H, Guo X, Zhang Y, Zhang T. High-order continuous-variable coherence of phase-dependent squeezed state. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:8461-8473. [PMID: 35299298 DOI: 10.1364/oe.450204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We study continuous variable coherence of phase-dependent squeezed state based on an extended Hanbury Brown-Twiss scheme. High-order coherence is continuously varied by adjusting squeezing parameter r, displacement α, and squeezing phase θ. We also analyze effects of background noise γ and detection efficiency η on the measurements. As the squeezing phase shifts from 0 to π, the photon statistics of the squeezed state continuously change from the anti-bunching (g(n) < 1) to super-bunching (g(n) > n!) which shows a transition from particle nature to wave nature. The experiment feasibility is also examined. It provides a practical method to generate phase-dependent squeezed states with high-order continuous-variable coherence by tuning squeezing phase θ. The controllable coherence source can be applied to sensitivity improvement in gravitational wave detection and quantum imaging.
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12
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Xia X, Zhang X, Xu J, Li H, Fu Z, Yang Y. Improvement of nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockade by two asymmetrical arranged atoms embedded in a cavity. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:7907-7917. [PMID: 35299543 DOI: 10.1364/oe.450585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We improve the nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockade (UCPB) in an asymmetrical single-mode cavity with two asymmetrical arranged two-level atoms (TLAs) where cavity and atom spatial symmetry breakings are involved in. In order to get direction-dependent UCPB in asymmetrical system, we deduce two restrictions of frequency and intensity through the steady solution of the cavity QED system analytically. The former restriction is exactly the same as that of a single-atom case, and the latter restriction combined with both spatial asymmetries. Controllable UCPB in this model shows an improving nonreciprocal UCPB with wider operating regime which is promoted by two asymmetrical arranged atoms. The most innovation of this work is that the contributions of two spatial symmetry breakings are figured out clearly and they play different roles in nonreciprocal UCPB. The cavity spatial symmetry breaking and weak nonlinearity are essential to quantum nonreciprocity, while the atoms spatial symmetry is not and it only can promote such nonreciprocal UCPB. Our findings show a prospective access to manipulate quantum nonreciprocity by a couple of atoms.
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13
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Tang L, Tang J, Chen M, Nori F, Xiao M, Xia K. Quantum Squeezing Induced Optical Nonreciprocity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:083604. [PMID: 35275662 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.083604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We propose an all-optical approach to achieve optical nonreciprocity on a chip by quantum squeezing one of two coupled resonator modes. By parametric pumping a χ^{(2)}-nonlinear resonator unidirectionally with a classical coherent field, we squeeze the resonator mode in a selective direction due to the phase-matching condition, and induce a chiral photon interaction between two resonators. Based on this chiral interresonator coupling, we achieve an all-optical diode and a three-port quasicirculator. By applying a second squeezed-vacuum field to the squeezed resonator mode, our nonreciprocal device also works for single-photon pulses. We obtain an isolation ratio of >40 dB for the diode and fidelity of >98% for the quasicirculator, and insertion loss of <1 dB for both. We also show that nonreciprocal transmission of strong light can be switched on and off by a relative weak pump light. This achievement implies a nonreciprocal optical transistor. Our protocol opens up a new route to achieve integrable all-optical nonreciprocal devices permitting chip-compatible optical isolation and nonreciporcal quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jiangshan Tang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Mingyuan Chen
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Franco Nori
- RIKEN Quantum Computing Center, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - Min Xiao
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
| | - Keyu Xia
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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14
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Pinto-Ramos D, Alfaro-Bittner K, Clerc MG, Rojas RG. Nonreciprocal Coupling Induced Self-Assembled Localized Structures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:194102. [PMID: 34047597 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.194102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chains of coupled oscillators exhibit energy propagation by means of waves, pulses, and fronts. Nonreciprocal coupling radically modifies the wave dynamics of chains. Based on a prototype model of nonlinear chains with nonreciprocal coupling to nearest neighbors, we study nonlinear wave dynamics. Nonreciprocal coupling induces a convective instability between unstable and stable equilibrium. Increasing the coupling level, the chain presents a propagative pattern, a traveling wave. This emergent phenomenon corresponds to the self-assembly of localized structures. The pattern wavelength is characterized as a function of the coupling. Analytically, the phase diagram is determined and agrees with numerical simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Pinto-Ramos
- Departamento de Física and Millennium Institute for Research in Optics, FCFM, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 487-3, Santiago, Chile
| | - K Alfaro-Bittner
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Av. España 1680, Casilla 110V, Valparaíso, Chile
- Unmanned Systems Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - M G Clerc
- Departamento de Física and Millennium Institute for Research in Optics, FCFM, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 487-3, Santiago, Chile
| | - R G Rojas
- Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Casilla 4059, Valparaíso, Chile
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15
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Hu Y, Zhang S, Kuang X, Qi Y, Lin G, Gong S, Niu Y. Reconfigurable nonreciprocity with low insertion loss using a simple two-level system. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:38710-38717. [PMID: 33379434 DOI: 10.1364/oe.409850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nonreciprocal light propagation is essential to control the direction of the light flow. Here, we report the realization of magnetic-free optical nonreciprocity using a simple two-level system driven by a pump field in warm atoms. In our experiment, we not only demonstrate less than 0.5 dB of insertion loss and up to 20 dB of isolation but also provide flexible and reconfigurable operations of the isolation bandwidth, frequency, and direction. Nonreciprocal scheme with these characteristics may find important applications in photonic devices.
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16
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Shaat M. Nonreciprocal elasticity and the realization of static and dynamic nonreciprocity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21676. [PMID: 33303785 PMCID: PMC7728811 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77949-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The realization of the mechanical nonreciprocity requires breaking either the time-reversal symmetry or the material deformation symmetry. The time-reversal asymmetry was the commonly adopted approach to realize dynamic nonreciprocity. However, a static nonreciprocity requires—with no any other option—breaking the material deformation symmetry. By virtue of the Maxwell–Betti reciprocal theorem, the achievement of the static nonreciprocity seems to be conditional by the use of a nonlinear material. Here, we further investigate this and demonstrate a novel “nonreciprocal elasticity” concept. We investigated the conditions of the attainment of effective static nonreciprocity. We revealed that the realization of static nonreciprocity requires breaking the material deformation symmetry under the same kinematical and kinetical conditions, which can be achieved only and only if the material exhibits a nonreciprocal elasticity. By means of experimental and topological mechanics, we demonstrate that the realization of static nonreciprocity requires nonreciprocal elasticity no matter what the material is linear or nonlinear. We experimentally demonstrated linear and nonlinear metamaterials with nonreciprocal elasticities. The developed metamaterials were used to demonstrate that nonreciprocal elasticity is essential to realize static nonreciprocal-topological systems. The nonreciprocal elasticity developed here will open new venues of the design of metamaterials that can effectively break the material deformation symmetry and achieve, both, static and dynamic nonreciprocity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Shaat
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Abu Dhabi University, P.O. BOX 1790, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
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17
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Liang C, Liu B, Xu AN, Wen X, Lu C, Xia K, Tey MK, Liu YC, You L. Collision-Induced Broadband Optical Nonreciprocity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:123901. [PMID: 33016716 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.123901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Optical nonreciprocity is an essential property for a wide range of applications, such as building nonreciprocal optical devices that include isolators and circulators. The realization of optical nonreciprocity relies on breaking the symmetry associated with Lorentz reciprocity, which typically requires stringent conditions such as introducing a strong magnetic field or a high-finesse cavity with nonreciprocal coupling geometry. Here we discover that the collision effect of thermal atoms, which is undesirable for most studies, can induce broadband optical nonreciprocity. By exploiting the thermal atomic collision, we experimentally observe magnet-free and cavity-free optical nonreciprocity, which possesses a high isolation ratio, ultrabroad bandwidth, and low insertion loss simultaneously. The maximum isolation ratio is close to 40 dB, while the insertion loss is less than 1 dB. The bandwidth for an isolation ratio exceeding 20 dB is over 1.2 GHz, which is 2 orders of magnitude broader than typical resonance-enhanced optical isolators. Our work paves the way for the realization of high-performance optical nonreciprocal devices and provides opportunities for applications in integrated optics and quantum networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - An-Ning Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Cuicui Lu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurements of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
| | - Keyu Xia
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Meng Khoon Tey
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yong-Chun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing 100084, China
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