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Qiang J, Zhou L, Peng Y, Yu C, Lu P, Pan S, Lu C, Chen G, Lu R, Zhang W, Wu J. Femtosecond Collisional Dissipation of Vibrating D_{2}^{+} in Helium Nanodroplets. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:103201. [PMID: 38518314 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.103201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
We explored the collision-induced vibrational decoherence of singly ionized D_{2} molecules inside a helium nanodroplet. By using the pump-probe reaction microscopy with few-cycle laser pulses, we captured in real time the collision-induced ultrafast dissipation of vibrational nuclear wave packet dynamics of D_{2}^{+} ion embedded in the droplet. Because of the strong coupling of excited molecular cations with the surrounding solvent, the vibrational coherence of D_{2}^{+} in the droplet interior only lasts for a few vibrational periods and completely collapses within 140 fs. The observed ultrafast coherence loss is distinct from that of isolated D_{2}^{+} in the gas phase, where the vibrational coherence persists for a long time with periodic quantum revivals. Our findings underscore the crucial role of ultrafast collisional dissipation in shaping the molecular decoherence and solvation dynamics during solution chemical reactions, particularly when the solute molecules are predominantly in ionic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- School of Physics and Microelectronics Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lianrong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yigeng Peng
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Peifen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shengzhe Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chenxu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Physics and Microelectronics Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ruifeng Lu
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University, Chongqing 401121, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-Intense Laser Science, Shanghai 201800, China
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2
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Zhou L, Hu X, Peng Y, Qiang J, Lu P, Lin K, Pan S, Gong X, Jiang W, Jiang Z, Lu C, Ni H, Jin C, Lu R, Wu Y, Wang J, Wu J. Enhancing Strong-Field Dissociation of H_{2}^{+} in Helium Nanodroplets. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:033201. [PMID: 36763404 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.033201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the above-threshold multiphoton ionization of H_{2} embedded in superfluid He nanodroplets driven by ultraviolet femtosecond laser pulses. We find that the surrounding He atoms enhance the dissociation of in-droplet H_{2}^{+} from lower vibrational states as compared to that of isolated gas-phase molecules. As a result, the discrete peaks in the photoelectron energy spectrum correlated with the HHe^{+} from the dissociative in-droplet molecule shift to higher energies. Based on the electron-nuclear correlation, the photoelectrons with higher energies are correlated to the nuclei of the low-vibrationally excited molecular ion as the nuclei share less photon energy. Our time-dependent nuclear wave packet quantum simulation using a simplified He-H_{2}^{+} system confirms the joint contribution of the driving laser field and the neighboring He atoms to the dissociation dynamics of the solute molecular ion. The results strengthen our understanding of the role of the environment on light-induced ultrafast dynamics of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianrong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Yigeng Peng
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Junjie Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Peifen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Kang Lin
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Shengzhe Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaochun Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wenyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhejun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chenxu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Hongcheng Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Cheng Jin
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Ruifeng Lu
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
- HEDPS, Center of Applied Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Jian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Shanxi 030006, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University, Chongqing 401121, China
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Vilà A, González M. Quantum dynamics of the Br 2 (B-excited state) photodissociation in superfluid helium nanodroplets: importance of the recombination process. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:24353-24361. [PMID: 36178095 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02984g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have studied the Br2 photodissociation dynamics (B ← X electronic transition) of Br2(v = 0, X)@(4He)N doped nanodroplets (T = 0.37 K) at zero angular momentum, with N in the 100-1000 interval. To do this, we have used a quantum mechanical hybrid strategy proposed by us and, as far as we know, this is the second quantum dynamics study available on the photodissociation of molecules in superfluid helium nanodroplets. While the results obtained for some properties are qualitatively similar to those reported previously by us for the Cl2(B ← X) related case (in particular, the oscillating Br final velocity distribution which also arises from quantum interferences), large differences are evident in three key properties: the photodissociation mechanism and probability and the time scale of the process. This can be interpreted on the basis of the significantly lower excitation energy achieved by the Br2(B ← X) transition and the higher reduced mass of Br-Br in comparison to the chlorine case. The Br2(B) photodissociation dynamics is significantly more complex than that of Cl2(B) and leads to the fragmentation of the initial wave packet. Thus, the probability of non-dissociation is equal to 17, 18, 51, 85 and 100% for N = 100, 200, 300, 500 and 1000, respectively, while for chlorine this probability is equal to zero. In spite of the very large experimental difficulties that exist for obtaining nanodroplets with a well defined size, we hope that these results will encourage experimentalists to investigate these interesting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnau Vilà
- Departament de Ciència dels Materials i Química Física and IQTC, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Miguel González
- Departament de Ciència dels Materials i Química Física and IQTC, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Albertini S, Gruber E, Zappa F, Krasnokutski S, Laimer F, Scheier P. Chemistry and physics of dopants embedded in helium droplets. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:529-567. [PMID: 33993543 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Helium droplets represent a cold inert matrix, free of walls with outstanding properties to grow complexes and clusters at conditions that are perfect to simulate cold and dense regions of the interstellar medium. At sub-Kelvin temperatures, barrierless reactions triggered by radicals or ions have been observed and studied by optical spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The present review summarizes developments of experimental techniques and methods and recent results they enabled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Albertini
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Gruber
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Fabio Zappa
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Serge Krasnokutski
- Laboratory Astrophysics Group of the MPI for Astronomy, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Felix Laimer
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Paul Scheier
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Li H, Gong X, Ni H, Lu P, Luo X, Wen J, Yang Y, Qian X, Sun Z, Wu J. Light-Induced Ultrafast Molecular Dynamics: From Photochemistry to Optochemistry. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:5881-5893. [PMID: 35730581 PMCID: PMC9251772 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
By precisely controlling the waveform of ultrashort laser fields, electronic and nuclear motions in molecules can be steered on extremely short time scales, even in the attosecond regime. This new research field, termed "optochemistry", presents the light field in the time-frequency domain and opens new avenues for tailoring molecular reactions beyond photochemistry. This Perspective summarizes the ultrafast laser techniques employed in recent years for manipulating the molecular reactions based on waveform control of intense ultrashort laser pulses, where the chemical reactions can take place in isolated molecules, clusters, and various nanosystems. The underlying mechanisms for the coherent control of molecular dynamics are explicitly explored. Challenges and opportunities coexist in the field of optochemistry. Advanced technologies and theoretical modeling are still being pursued, with great prospects for controlling chemical reactions with unprecedented spatiotemporal precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaochun Gong
- State
Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Hongcheng Ni
- State
Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Peifen Lu
- State
Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jin Wen
- State
Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials,
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Youjun Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xuhong Qian
- State
Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhenrong Sun
- State
Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jian Wu
- State
Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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6
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High-resolution two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy reveals the homogeneous line profile of chromophores solvated in nanoclusters. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3350. [PMID: 35688839 PMCID: PMC9187667 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31021-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Doped clusters in the gas phase provide nanoconfined model systems for the study of system-bath interactions. To gain insight into interaction mechanisms between chromophores and their environment, the ensemble inhomogeneity has to be lifted and the homogeneous line profile must be accessed. However, such measurements are very challenging at the low particle densities and low signal levels in cluster beam experiments. Here, we dope cryogenic rare-gas clusters with phthalocyanine molecules and apply action-detected two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy to gain insight into the local molecule-cluster environment for solid and superfluid cluster species. The high-resolution homogeneous linewidth analysis provides a benchmark for the theoretical modelling of binding configurations and shows a promising route for high-resolution molecular two-dimensional spectroscopy. Understanding the interaction of single chromophores with nanoparticles remains a challenging task in nanoscience. Here the authors provide insight into the interaction between isolated base-free phthalocyanine molecules and He and Ne nanoclusters in the gas phase using high-resolution two-dimensional spectroscopy.
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Kristensen HH, Kranabetter L, Schouder CA, Stapper C, Arlt J, Mudrich M, Stapelfeldt H. Quantum-State-Sensitive Detection of Alkali Dimers on Helium Nanodroplets by Laser-Induced Coulomb Explosion. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:093201. [PMID: 35302820 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.093201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rubidium dimers residing on the surface of He nanodroplets are doubly ionized by an intense femtosecond laser pulse leading to fragmentation into a pair of Rb^{+} ions. We show that the kinetic energy of the Rb^{+} fragment ions can be used to identify dimers formed in either the X ^{1}Σ_{g}^{+} ground state or in the lowest-lying triplet state, a ^{3}Σ_{u}^{+}. From the experiment, we estimate the abundance ratio of dimers in the a and X states as a function of the mean droplet size and find values between 4∶1 and 5∶1. Our technique applies generally to dimers and trimers of alkali atoms, here also demonstrated for Li_{2}, Na_{2}, and K_{2}, and will enable femtosecond time-resolved measurements of their rotational and vibrational dynamics, possibly with atomic structural resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik H Kristensen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Lorenz Kranabetter
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Constant A Schouder
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Christoph Stapper
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Campus Süd, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Arlt
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Marcel Mudrich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Henrik Stapelfeldt
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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8
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Martini P, Albertini S, Laimer F, Meyer M, Gatchell M, Echt O, Zappa F, Scheier P. Splashing of Large Helium Nanodroplets upon Surface Collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:263401. [PMID: 35029473 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.263401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In the present work we observe that helium nanodroplets colliding with surfaces can exhibit splashing in a way that is analogous to classical liquids. We use transmission electron microscopy and mass spectrometry to demonstrate that neutral and ionic dopants embedded in the droplets are efficiently backscattered in such events. High abundances of weakly bound He-tagged ions of both polarities indicate a gentle extraction mechanism of these ions from the droplets upon collision with a solid surface. This backscattering process is observed for dopant particles with masses up to 400 kilodaltons, indicating an unexpected mechanism that effectively lowers deposition rates of nanoparticles formed in helium droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Martini
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon Albertini
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Management Center Innsbruck, Department Biotechnology & Food Engineering, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Felix Laimer
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Miriam Meyer
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Gatchell
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olof Echt
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Physics, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - Fabio Zappa
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG 36036-900 Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paul Scheier
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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9
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Chatterley AS, Christiansen L, Schouder CA, Jørgensen AV, Shepperson B, Cherepanov IN, Bighin G, Zillich RE, Lemeshko M, Stapelfeldt H. Rotational Coherence Spectroscopy of Molecules in Helium Nanodroplets: Reconciling the Time and the Frequency Domains. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:013001. [PMID: 32678640 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.013001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Alignment of OCS, CS_{2}, and I_{2} molecules embedded in helium nanodroplets is measured as a function of time following rotational excitation by a nonresonant, comparatively weak ps laser pulse. The distinct peaks in the power spectra, obtained by Fourier analysis, are used to determine the rotational, B, and centrifugal distortion, D, constants. For OCS, B and D match the values known from IR spectroscopy. For CS_{2} and I_{2}, they are the first experimental results reported. The alignment dynamics calculated from the gas-phase rotational Schrödinger equation, using the experimental in-droplet B and D values, agree in detail with the measurement for all three molecules. The rotational spectroscopy technique for molecules in helium droplets introduced here should apply to a range of molecules and complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam S Chatterley
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Lars Christiansen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Constant A Schouder
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Anders V Jørgensen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Benjamin Shepperson
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Igor N Cherepanov
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Giacomo Bighin
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Robert E Zillich
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, Altenbergerstraße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Mikhail Lemeshko
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Henrik Stapelfeldt
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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