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Sundar B, Barberena D, Orioli AP, Chu A, Thompson JK, Rey AM, Lewis-Swan RJ. Bosonic Pair Production and Squeezing for Optical Phase Measurements in Long-Lived Dipoles Coupled to a Cavity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:113202. [PMID: 37001062 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.113202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
We propose to simulate bosonic pair creation using large arrays of long-lived dipoles with multilevel internal structure coupled to an undriven optical cavity. Entanglement between the atoms, generated by the exchange of virtual photons through a common cavity mode, grows exponentially fast and is described by two-mode squeezing of effective bosonic quadratures. The mapping between an effective bosonic model and the natural spin description of the dipoles allows us to realize the analog of optical homodyne measurements via straightforward global rotations and population measurements of the electronic states, and we propose to exploit this for quantum-enhanced sensing of an optical phase (common and differential between two ensembles). We discuss a specific implementation based on Sr atoms and show that our sensing protocol is robust to sources of decoherence intrinsic to cavity platforms. Our proposal can open unique opportunities for next-generation optical atomic clocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuvanesh Sundar
- Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Diego Barberena
- Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Asier Piñeiro Orioli
- Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Anjun Chu
- Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - James K Thompson
- JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Ana Maria Rey
- Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Robert J Lewis-Swan
- Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA
- Center for Quantum Research and Technology, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA
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Phase Sensitivity Improvement in Correlation-Enhanced Nonlinear Interferometers. Symmetry (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14122684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferometers are widely used as sensors in precision measurement. Compared with a conventional Mach–Zehnder interferometer, the sensitivity of a correlation-enhanced nonlinear interferometer can break the standard quantum limit. Phase sensitivity plays a significant role in the enhanced performance. In this paper, we review improvement in phase estimation technologies in correlation-enhanced nonlinear interferometers, including SU(1,1) interferometer and SU(1,1)-SU(2) hybrid interferometer, and so on, and the applications in quantum metrology and quantum sensing networks.
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Triana JF, Arias M, Nishida J, Muller EA, Wilcken R, Johnson SC, Delgado A, Raschke MB, Herrera F. Semi-empirical Quantum Optics for Mid-Infrared Molecular Nanophotonics. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:124110. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0075894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoscale infrared (IR) resonators with sub-diffraction limited mode volumes and open geome- tries have emerged as new platforms for implementing cavity QED at room temperature. The use of infrared (IR) nano-antennas and tip nanoprobes to study strong light-matter coupling of molecular vibrations with the vacuum field can be exploited for IR quantum control with nanometer and femtosecond resolution. To accelerate the development of molecule-based quantum nano-photonic devices in the mid-IR, we propose a generally applicable semi-empirical methodology based on quantum optics to describe light-matter interaction in systems driven by femtosecond laser pulses. The theory is shown to reproduce recent experiments on the acceleration of the vibrational relaxation rate in infrared nanostructures, and also provide phys- ical insights for the implementation of coherent phase rotations of the near-field using broadband nanotips. We then apply the quantum framework to develop general tip-design rules for the exper- imental manipulation of vibrational strong coupling and Fano interference effects in open infrared resonators. We finally propose the possibility of transferring the natural anharmonicity of molecular vibrational levels to the resonator near-field in the weak coupling regime to implement intensity-dependent phase shifts of the coupled system response with strong pulses, and develop a vibrational chirping model to understand the effect. The semi-empirical quantum theory is equivalent to first- principles techniques based on Maxwell's equations, but its lower computational cost suggests its use a rapid design tool for the development of strongly-coupled infrared nanophotonic hardware for applications ranging from quantum control of materials to quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan F Triana
- Region Metropolitana, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | | | - Jun Nishida
- University of Colorado Boulder, United States of America
| | - Eric A Muller
- Chemistry, Colgate University Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, United States of America
| | - Roland Wilcken
- University of Colorado at Boulder, United States of America
| | | | | | - Markus B. Raschke
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, United States of America
| | - Felipe Herrera
- Department of Physics, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Chile
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Gilmore KA, Affolter M, Lewis-Swan RJ, Barberena D, Jordan E, Rey AM, Bollinger JJ. Quantum-enhanced sensing of displacements and electric fields with two-dimensional trapped-ion crystals. Science 2021; 373:673-678. [PMID: 34353950 DOI: 10.1126/science.abi5226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Fully controllable ultracold atomic systems are creating opportunities for quantum sensing, yet demonstrating a quantum advantage in useful applications by harnessing entanglement remains a challenging task. Here, we realize a many-body quantum-enhanced sensor to detect displacements and electric fields using a crystal of ~150 trapped ions. The center-of-mass vibrational mode of the crystal serves as a high-Q mechanical oscillator, and the collective electronic spin serves as the measurement device. By entangling the oscillator and collective spin and controlling the coherent dynamics via a many-body echo, a displacement is mapped into a spin rotation while avoiding quantum back-action and thermal noise. We achieve a sensitivity to displacements of 8.8 ± 0.4 decibels below the standard quantum limit and a sensitivity for measuring electric fields of 240 ± 10 nanovolts per meter in 1 second. Feasible improvements should enable the use of trapped ions in searches for dark matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Gilmore
- Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. .,Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA.,National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305, USA.,Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Matthew Affolter
- Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.,National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
| | - Robert J Lewis-Swan
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305, USA.,Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.,Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA.,Center for Quantum Research and Technology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Diego Barberena
- Center for Quantum Research and Technology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA.,JILA, NIST, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.,JILA, NIST, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.,Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Elena Jordan
- Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.,National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
| | - Ana Maria Rey
- Center for Quantum Research and Technology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA. .,JILA, NIST, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.,JILA, NIST, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.,Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - John J Bollinger
- Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. .,National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
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Uria M, Solano P, Hermann-Avigliano C. Deterministic Generation of Large Fock States. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:093603. [PMID: 32915610 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.093603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present a protocol to deterministically prepare the electromagnetic field in a large photon number state. The field starts in a coherent state and, through resonant interaction with one or few two-level systems, it evolves into a coherently displaced Fock state without any postselection. We show the feasibility of the scheme under realistic parameters. The presented method opens a door to reach Fock states, with n∼100 and optimal fidelities above 70%, blurring the line between macroscopic and quantum states of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Uria
- Departamento de Física and Millennium Institute for Research in Optics (MIRO), Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8370448, Chile
| | - P Solano
- Department of Physics, MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Fsicas y Matemticas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 160-C, Chile
| | - C Hermann-Avigliano
- Departamento de Física and Millennium Institute for Research in Optics (MIRO), Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8370448, Chile
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