1
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Barrat J, Cherbunin R, Sedov E, Aladinskaia E, Liubomirov A, Litvyak V, Petrov M, Zhou X, Hatzopoulos Z, Kavokin A, Savvidis PG. Stochastic circular persistent currents of exciton polaritons. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12953. [PMID: 38839986 PMCID: PMC11153513 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63725-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
We monitor the orbital degree of freedom of exciton-polariton condensates confined within an optical trap and unveil the stochastic switching of persistent annular polariton currents under pulse-periodic excitation. Within an elliptical trap, the low-lying in energy polariton current states manifest as a two-petaled density distribution with a swirling phase. In the stochastic regime, the density distribution, averaged over multiple excitation pulses, becomes homogenized in the azimuthal direction. Meanwhile, the weighted phase, extracted from interference experiments, exhibits two compensatory jumps when varied around the center of the trap. Introducing a supplemental control optical pulse to break the reciprocity of the system enables the transition from a stochastic to a deterministic regime, allowing for controlled polariton circulation direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Barrat
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Roman Cherbunin
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya 1, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | - Evgeny Sedov
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China.
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China.
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya 1, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia.
- Stoletov Vladimir State University, Gorky str. 87, Vladimir, 600000, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina Aladinskaia
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya 1, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | - Alexey Liubomirov
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya 1, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | - Valentina Litvyak
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya 1, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | - Mikhail Petrov
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya 1, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | - Xiaoqing Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Z Hatzopoulos
- FORTH-IESL, P.O. Box 1527, 71110, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Alexey Kavokin
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya 1, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
- Abrikosov Center for Theoretical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per. 9, Moscow Region, Dolgoprudnyi, 141701, Russia
| | - P G Savvidis
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China
- FORTH-IESL, P.O. Box 1527, 71110, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, P.O. Box 2208, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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2
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Li C, Kartashov YV. Stable Vortex Solitons Sustained by Localized Gain in a Cubic Medium. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:213802. [PMID: 38856259 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.213802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
We propose a simple dissipative system with purely cubic defocusing nonlinearity and nonuniform linear gain that can support stable localized dissipative vortex solitons with high topological charges without the utilization of competing nonlinearities and nonlinear gain or losses. Localization of such solitons is achieved due to an intriguing mechanism when defocusing nonlinearity stimulates energy flow from the ringlike region with linear gain to the periphery of the medium where energy is absorbed due to linear background losses. Vortex solitons bifurcate from linear gain-guided vortical modes with eigenvalues depending on topological charges that become purely real only at specific gain amplitudes. Increasing gain amplitude leads to transverse expansion of vortex solitons, but simultaneously it usually also leads to stability enhancement. Increasing background losses allows creation of stable vortex solitons with high topological charges that are usually prone to instabilities in conservative and dissipative systems. Propagation of the perturbed unstable vortex solitons in this system reveals unusual dynamical regimes, when instead of decay or breakup, the initial state transforms into stable vortex solitons with lower or sometimes even with higher topological charge. Our results suggest an efficient mechanism for the formation of nonlinear excited vortex-carrying states with suppressed destructive azimuthal modulational instabilities in a simple setting relevant to a wide class of systems, including polaritonic systems, structured microcavities, and lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Li
- School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
- Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, 108840 Troitsk, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yaroslav V Kartashov
- Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, 108840 Troitsk, Moscow, Russia
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3
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Ricco LS, Shelykh IA, Kavokin A. Qubit gate operations in elliptically trapped polariton condensates. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4211. [PMID: 38378989 PMCID: PMC10879284 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54543-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
We consider bosonic condensates of exciton-polaritons optically confined in elliptical traps. A superposition of two non-degenerated p-type states of the condensate oriented along the two main axes of the trap is represented by a point on a Bloch sphere, being considered as an optically tunable qubit. We describe a set of universal single-qubit gates resulting in a controllable shift of the Bloch vector by means of an auxiliary laser beam. Moreover, we consider interaction mechanisms between two neighboring traps that enable designing two-qubit operations such as CPHASE and CNOT gates. Both the single- and two-qubit gates are analyzed in the presence of error sources in the context of polariton traps, such as pure dephasing and spontaneous relaxation mechanisms, leading to a fidelity reduction of the final qubit states and quantum concurrence, as well as the increase of Von Neumann entropy. We also discuss the applicability of our qubit proposal in the context of DiVincenzo's criteria for the realization of local quantum computing processes. Altogether, the developed set of quantum operations would pave the way to the realization of a variety of quantum algorithms in a planar microcavity with a set of optically induced elliptical traps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano S Ricco
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi-3, IS-107, Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | - Ivan A Shelykh
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi-3, IS-107, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo IC, Bolshoy Bulvar 30 bld. 1, Moscow, 121205, Russia
- Abrikosov Center for Theoretical Physics, MIPT, Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow Region, 141707, Russia
| | - Alexey Kavokin
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
- Spin Optics Laboratory, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia.
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4
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Putintsev AD, McGhee KE, Sannikov D, Zasedatelev AV, Töpfer JD, Jessewitsch T, Scherf U, Lidzey DG, Lagoudakis PG. Controlling the Spatial Profile and Energy Landscape of Organic Polariton Condensates in Double-Dye Cavities. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:186902. [PMID: 37977614 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.186902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The development of high-speed, all-optical polariton logic devices underlies emerging unconventional computing technologies and relies on advancing techniques to reversibly manipulate the spatial extent and energy of polartion condensates. We investigate active spatial control of polariton condensates independent of the polariton, gain-inducing excitation profile. This is achieved by introducing an extra intracavity semiconductor layer, nonresonant to the cavity mode. Partial saturation of the optical absorption in the uncoupled layer enables the ultrafast modulation of the effective refractive index and, through excited-state absorption, the polariton dissipation. Utilizing an intricate interplay of these mechanisms, we demonstrate control over the spatial profile, density, and energy of a polariton condensate at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton D Putintsev
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirsty E McGhee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Denis Sannikov
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton V Zasedatelev
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Julian D Töpfer
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Till Jessewitsch
- Macromolecular Chemistry Group and Institute for Polymer Technology, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal 42119, Germany
| | - Ullrich Scherf
- Macromolecular Chemistry Group and Institute for Polymer Technology, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal 42119, Germany
| | - David G Lidzey
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Pavlos G Lagoudakis
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
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5
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Lovett S, Walker PM, Osipov A, Yulin A, Naik PU, Whittaker CE, Shelykh IA, Skolnick MS, Krizhanovskii DN. Observation of Zitterbewegung in photonic microcavities. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:126. [PMID: 37221208 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01162-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We present and experimentally study the effects of the photonic spin-orbit coupling on the real space propagation of polariton wavepackets in planar semiconductor microcavities and polaritonic analogues of graphene. In particular, we demonstrate the appearance of an analogue Zitterbewegung effect, a term which translates as 'trembling motion' in English, which was originally proposed for relativistic Dirac electrons and consisted of the oscillations of the centre of mass of a wavepacket in the direction perpendicular to its propagation. For a planar microcavity, we observe regular Zitterbewegung oscillations whose amplitude and period depend on the wavevector of the polaritons. We then extend these results to a honeycomb lattice of coupled microcavity resonators. Compared to the planar cavity, such lattices are inherently more tuneable and versatile, allowing simulation of the Hamiltonians of a wide range of important physical systems. We observe an oscillation pattern related to the presence of the spin-split Dirac cones in the dispersion. In both cases, the experimentally observed oscillations are in good agreement with theoretical modelling and independently measured bandstructure parameters, providing strong evidence for the observation of Zitterbewegung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth Lovett
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH, Sheffield, UK
| | - Paul M Walker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH, Sheffield, UK.
| | - Alexey Osipov
- Department of Physics and Technology, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Alexey Yulin
- Department of Physics and Technology, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Pooja Uday Naik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH, Sheffield, UK
| | - Charles E Whittaker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ivan A Shelykh
- Department of Physics and Technology, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, IS-107, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Maurice S Skolnick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH, Sheffield, UK
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6
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Gnusov I, Harrison S, Alyatkin S, Sitnik K, Töpfer J, Sigurdsson H, Lagoudakis P. Quantum vortex formation in the "rotating bucket" experiment with polariton condensates. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd1299. [PMID: 36696501 PMCID: PMC9876539 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The appearance of quantized vortices in the classical "rotating bucket" experiments of liquid helium and ultracold dilute gases provides the means for fundamental and comparative studies of different superfluids. Here, we realize the rotating bucket experiment for optically trapped quantum fluid of light based on exciton-polariton Bose-Einstein condensate in semiconductor microcavity. We use the beating note of two frequency-stabilized single-mode lasers to generate an asymmetric time-periodic rotating, nonresonant excitation profile that both injects and stirs the condensate through its interaction with a background exciton reservoir. The pump-induced external rotation of the condensate results in the appearance of a corotating quantized vortex. We investigate the rotation frequency dependence and reveal the range of stirring frequencies (from 1 to 4 GHz) that favors quantized vortex formation. We describe the phenomenology using the generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Our results enable the study of polariton superfluidity on a par with other superfluids, as well as deterministic, all-optical control over structured nonlinear light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Gnusov
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Stella Harrison
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Sergey Alyatkin
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill Sitnik
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Julian Töpfer
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Helgi Sigurdsson
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Pavlos Lagoudakis
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Corresponding author.
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7
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Sitnik KA, Alyatkin S, Töpfer JD, Gnusov I, Cookson T, Sigurdsson H, Lagoudakis PG. Spontaneous Formation of Time-Periodic Vortex Cluster in Nonlinear Fluids of Light. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:237402. [PMID: 35749201 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.237402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate spontaneous formation of a nonlinear vortex cluster state in a microcavity exciton-polariton condensate with time-periodic sign flipping of its topological charges at the GHz scale. When optically pumped with a ring-shaped nonresonant laser, the trapped condensate experiences intricate high-order mode competition and fractures into two distinct trap levels. The resulting mode interference leads to robust condensate density beatings with periodic appearance of orderly arranged phase singularities. Our work opens new perspectives on creating structured free-evolving light, and singular optics in the strong light-matter coupling regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill A Sitnik
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Alyatkin
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Julian D Töpfer
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan Gnusov
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tamsin Cookson
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Helgi Sigurdsson
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Pavlos G Lagoudakis
- Hybrid Photonics Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Territory of Innovation Center Skolkovo, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Building 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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8
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Quantum fluids of light in all-optical scatterer lattices. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5571. [PMID: 34552069 PMCID: PMC8458361 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25845-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the recently established paradigms in condensed matter physics is examining a system's behaviour in artificial potentials, giving insight into phenomena of quantum fluids in hard-to-reach settings. A prominent example is the matter-wave scatterer lattice, where high energy matter waves undergo transmission and reflection through narrow width barriers leading to stringent phase matching conditions with lattice band formation. In contrast to evanescently coupled lattice sites, the realisation of a scatterer lattice for macroscopic matter-wave fluids has remained elusive. Here, we implement a system of exciton-polariton condensates in a non-Hermitian Lieb lattice of scatterer potentials. By fine tuning the lattice parameters, we reveal a nonequilibrium phase transition between distinct regimes of polariton condensation: a scatterer lattice of gain guided polaritons condensing on the lattice potential maxima, and trapped polaritons condensing in the potential minima. Our results pave the way towards unexplored physics of non-Hermitian fluids in non-stationary mixtures of confined and freely expanding waves.
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9
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Cookson T, Kalinin K, Sigurdsson H, Töpfer JD, Alyatkin S, Silva M, Langbein W, Berloff NG, Lagoudakis PG. Geometric frustration in polygons of polariton condensates creating vortices of varying topological charge. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2120. [PMID: 33837211 PMCID: PMC8035188 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22121-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Vorticity is a key ingredient to a broad variety of fluid phenomena, and its quantised version is considered to be the hallmark of superfluidity. Circulating flows that correspond to vortices of a large topological charge, termed giant vortices, are notoriously difficult to realise and even when externally imprinted, they are unstable, breaking into many vortices of a single charge. In spite of many theoretical proposals on the formation and stabilisation of giant vortices in ultra-cold atomic Bose-Einstein condensates and other superfluid systems, their experimental realisation remains elusive. Polariton condensates stand out from other superfluid systems due to their particularly strong interparticle interactions combined with their non-equilibrium nature, and as such provide an alternative testbed for the study of vortices. Here, we non-resonantly excite an odd number of polariton condensates at the vertices of a regular polygon and we observe the formation of a stable discrete vortex state with a large topological charge as a consequence of antibonding frustration between nearest neighbouring condensates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsin Cookson
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Russian Federation.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Kirill Kalinin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Russian Federation.,Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helgi Sigurdsson
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Russian Federation.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Julian D Töpfer
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Russian Federation.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Sergey Alyatkin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Russian Federation
| | - Matteo Silva
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Natalia G Berloff
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Russian Federation. .,Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Pavlos G Lagoudakis
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Russian Federation. .,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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10
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Stroev N, Berloff NG. Discrete Polynomial Optimization with Coherent Networks of Condensates and Complex Coupling Switching. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:050504. [PMID: 33605772 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.050504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Gain-dissipative platforms consisting of lasers, optical parametric oscillators and nonequilibrium condensates operating at the condensation or coherence threshold have been recently proposed as efficient analog simulators of the two-local spin Hamiltonians with continuous or discrete degrees of freedom. We show that nonequilibrium condensates above the threshold arranged in an interacting network may realize k-local Hamiltonians with k>2 and lead to nontrivial phase configurations. Similarly, many gain-dissipative systems that can be manipulated by optical means can bring about the ground state of the k-local Hamiltonians and solve higher-order binary optimization problems. We show how to facilitate the search for the global solution by invoking complex couplings in the system and demonstrate the efficiency of the method on the sets of complex problems. This approach offers a highly flexible new kind of computation based on gain-dissipative simulators with complex coupling switching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Stroev
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld.1, Moscow, 121205 Russian Federation
| | - Natalia G Berloff
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld.1, Moscow, 121205 Russian Federation
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom
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