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Bharti V, Sugawa S, Mizoguchi M, Kunimi M, Zhang Y, de Léséleuc S, Tomita T, Franz T, Weidemüller M, Ohmori K. Picosecond-Scale Ultrafast Many-Body Dynamics in an Ultracold Rydberg-Excited Atomic Mott Insulator. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:123201. [PMID: 37802940 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.123201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation and control of ultrafast many-body dynamics of electrons in ultracold Rydberg-excited atoms, spatially ordered in a three-dimensional Mott insulator (MI) with unity filling in an optical lattice. By mapping out the time-domain Ramsey interferometry in the picosecond timescale, we can deduce entanglement growth indicating the emergence of many-body correlations via dipolar forces. We analyze our observations with different theoretical approaches and find that the semiclassical model breaks down, thus indicating that quantum fluctuations play a decisive role in the observed dynamics. Combining picosecond Rydberg excitation with MI lattice thus provides a platform for simulating nonequilibrium dynamics of strongly correlated systems in synthetic ultracold atomic crystals, such as in a metal-like quantum gas regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Bharti
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - S Sugawa
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - M Mizoguchi
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - M Kunimi
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Y Zhang
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - S de Léséleuc
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - T Tomita
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - T Franz
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 226, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Weidemüller
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 226, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K Ohmori
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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Jian Y, Qiao X, Liang JC, Yu ZF, Zhang AX, Xue JK. Stability and superfluidity of the Bose-Einstein condensate in a two-leg ladder with magnetic field. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:024212. [PMID: 34525534 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.024212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The stability and superfluidity of the Bose-Einstein condensate in two-leg ladder with magnetic field are studied. The dispersion relation and the phase diagram of the system are obtained. Three phases are revealed: the Meissner phase, the biased ladder (BL) phase, and the vortex phase. The dispersion relation and phase transition of the system strongly depend on the magnitude of atomic interaction strength, the rung-to-leg coupling ratio and the magnetic flux. Particularly, the change of the energy band structure in the phase transition region is modified significantly by the atomic interaction strength. Furthermore, based on the Bogoliubov theory, the energetic and dynamical stability of the system are invested. The stability phase diagram in the full parameter space is presented, and the dependence of superfluidity on the dispersion relation is illustrated explicitly. The atomic interaction strength can produce dynamical instability in the energetic unstable region and can expand the superfluid region. The results show that the stability of the system can be controlled by the atomic interaction strength, the rung-to-leg coupling ratio and the magnetic flux. In addition, the excitation spectrums in the Meissner phase, BL phase and vortex phase are further studied. The modulation of the excitation spectrum and the energetic stability of the system by the atomic interaction strength, the rung-to-leg coupling ratio and magnetic flux is discussed. Finally, through the numerical simulation, the dynamical instability of the system is verified by the time evolution of the Bloch wave and rung current. This provides a theoretical basis for controlling the superfluidity of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Jian
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.,Department of Basic Sciences, Lanzhou Institute of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xin Qiao
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jun-Cheng Liang
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zi-Fa Yu
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ai-Xia Zhang
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ju-Kui Xue
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Xu W, Venkatramani AV, Cantú SH, Šumarac T, Klüsener V, Lukin MD, Vuletić V. Fast Preparation and Detection of a Rydberg Qubit Using Atomic Ensembles. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:050501. [PMID: 34397223 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.050501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a new approach for fast preparation, manipulation, and collective readout of an atomic Rydberg-state qubit. By making use of Rydberg blockade inside a small atomic ensemble, we prepare a single qubit within 3 μs with a success probability of F_{p}=0.93±0.02, rotate it, and read out its state in 6 μs with a single-shot fidelity of F_{d}=0.92±0.04. The ensemble-assisted detection is 10^{3} times faster than imaging of a single atom with the same optical resolution, and enables fast repeated nondestructive measurement. We observe qubit coherence times of 15 μs, much longer than the π rotation time of 90 ns. Potential applications ranging from faster quantum information processing in atom arrays to efficient implementation of quantum error correction are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Xu
- Department of Physics and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Aditya V Venkatramani
- Department of Physics and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Sergio H Cantú
- Department of Physics and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Tamara Šumarac
- Department of Physics and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Valentin Klüsener
- Department of Physics and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Mikhail D Lukin
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Vladan Vuletić
- Department of Physics and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Kroker T, Großmann M, Sengstock K, Drescher M, Wessels-Staarmann P, Simonet J. Ultrafast electron cooling in an expanding ultracold plasma. Nat Commun 2021; 12:596. [PMID: 33500420 PMCID: PMC7838291 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20815-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma dynamics critically depends on density and temperature, thus well-controlled experimental realizations are essential benchmarks for theoretical models. The formation of an ultracold plasma can be triggered by ionizing a tunable number of atoms in a micrometer-sized volume of a 87Rb Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) by a single femtosecond laser pulse. The large density combined with the low temperature of the BEC give rise to an initially strongly coupled plasma in a so far unexplored regime bridging ultracold neutral plasma and ionized nanoclusters. Here, we report on ultrafast cooling of electrons, trapped on orbital trajectories in the long-range Coulomb potential of the dense ionic core, with a cooling rate of 400 K ps−1. Furthermore, our experimental setup grants direct access to the electron temperature that relaxes from 5250 K to below 10 K in less than 500 ns. Here the authors report on the creation of ultracold plasma by photoionization of a Bose-Einstein condensate with a femtosecond laser pulse. The experimental setup grants direct access to the electron temperature and reveals ultrafast cooling of electrons in an initially strongly coupled plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Kroker
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany. .,Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Mario Großmann
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany.,Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Sengstock
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany.,Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Drescher
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany.,Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Wessels-Staarmann
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany.,Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Juliette Simonet
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany.,Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
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Cidrim A, do Espirito Santo TS, Schachenmayer J, Kaiser R, Bachelard R. Photon Blockade with Ground-State Neutral Atoms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:073601. [PMID: 32857558 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.073601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We show that induced dipole-dipole interactions allow for photon blockade in subwavelength ensembles of two-level, ground-state neutral atoms. Our protocol relies on the energy shift of the single-excitation, superradiant state of N atoms, which can be engineered to yield an effective two-level system. A coherent pump induces Rabi oscillation between the ground state and a collective bright state, with at most a single excitation shared among all atoms. The possibility of using clock transitions that are long-lived and relatively robust against stray fields, alongside new prospects on experiments with subwavelength lattices, makes our proposal a promising alternative for quantum information protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cidrim
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235-SP-310, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - T S do Espirito Santo
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo-13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - J Schachenmayer
- IPCMS (UMR 7504) and ISIS (UMR 7006), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - R Kaiser
- Université de Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Physique de Nice, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - R Bachelard
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235-SP-310, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Université de Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Physique de Nice, 06560 Valbonne, France
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