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Saha TK, Ehrich J, Gavrilov M, Still S, Sivak DA, Bechhoefer J. Information Engine in a Nonequilibrium Bath. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:057101. [PMID: 37595211 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.057101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Information engines can convert thermal fluctuations of a bath at temperature T into work at rates of order k_{B}T per relaxation time of the system. We show experimentally that such engines, when in contact with a bath that is out of equilibrium, can extract much more work. We place a heavy, micron-scale bead in a harmonic potential that ratchets up to capture favorable fluctuations. Adding a fluctuating electric field increases work extraction up to ten times, limited only by the strength of the applied field. Our results connect Maxwell's demon with energy harvesting and demonstrate that information engines in nonequilibrium baths can greatly outperform conventional engines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar K Saha
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6 Canada
| | - Jannik Ehrich
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6 Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - Momčilo Gavrilov
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6 Canada
| | - Susanne Still
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - David A Sivak
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6 Canada
| | - John Bechhoefer
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6 Canada
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A Hydrodynamic Analog of the Casimir Effect in Wave-Driven Turbulent Flows. FLUIDS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fluids7050155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We present experimental results on a fluctuation-induced force observed in Faraday wave-driven turbulence. As recently reported, a long-range attraction force arises between two walls that confine the wave-driven turbulent flow. In the Faraday waves system, the turbulent fluid motion is coupled with the disordered wave motion. This study describes the emergence of the fluctuation-induced force from the viewpoint of the wave dynamics. The wave amplitude is unaffected by the confinement while the wave erratic motion is. As the wall spacing decreases, the wave motion becomes less energetic and more anisotropic in the cavity formed by the walls, giving rise to a stronger attraction. These results clarify why the modelling of the attraction force in this system cannot be based on the wave amplitude but has to be built upon the wave-fluid motion coupling. When the wall spacing is comparable to the wavelength, an intermittent wave resonance is observed, and it leads to a complex short-range interaction. These results contribute to the study of aggregation processes in the presence of turbulence and its related problems such as the accumulation of plastic debris in coastal marine ecosystems or the modelling of planetary formation.
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Davoodianidalik M, Punzmann H, Kellay H, Xia H, Shats M, Francois N. Fluctuation-Induced Interaction in Turbulent Flows. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:024503. [PMID: 35089756 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.024503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fluctuation-induced forces are observed in numerous physical systems spanning from quantum to macroscopic scale. However, there is as yet no experimental report of their existence in hydrodynamic turbulence. Here, we present evidence of an attraction force mediated via turbulent fluctuations by using two walls locally confining 2D turbulence. This long-range interaction is a function of the wall separation and the energy injection rate in the turbulent flow. As the wall spacing decreases, the confined flow becomes less energetic and more anisotropic in the bounded domain, producing stronger attraction. The mechanism of force generation is rooted in a nontrivial fluid-wall coupling where coherent flow structures are guided by the cavity walls. For the narrowest cavities studied, a resonance phenomenon at the flow forcing scale leads to a complex short-range interaction. The results could be relevant to problems encountered in a range of fields from industrial multiphase flows to modeling of planetary formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Davoodianidalik
- Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - H Punzmann
- Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - H Kellay
- Laboratoire Ondes et Matiere d'Aquitaine, UMR 5798, CNRS, Universite de Bordeaux, 33405 Talence, France
| | - H Xia
- Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - M Shats
- Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - N Francois
- Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
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Porporato A, Hooshyar M, Bragg AD, Katul G. Fluctuation theorem and extended thermodynamics of turbulence. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2020; 476:20200468. [PMID: 33362415 DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2020.0468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Turbulent flows are out-of-equilibrium because the energy supply at large scales and its dissipation by viscosity at small scales create a net transfer of energy among all scales. This energy cascade is modelled by approximating the spectral energy balance with a nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation consistent with accepted phenomenological theories of turbulence. The steady-state contributions of the drift and diffusion in the corresponding Langevin equation, combined with the killing term associated with the dissipation, induce a stochastic energy transfer across wavenumbers. The fluctuation theorem is shown to describe the scale-wise statistics of forward and backward energy transfer and their connection to irreversibility and entropy production. The ensuing turbulence entropy is used to formulate an extended turbulence thermodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amilcare Porporato
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.,Princeton Environmental Institute and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Milad Hooshyar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.,Princeton Environmental Institute and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.,Princeton Environmental Institute and Princeton Institute for International and Regional Studies, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Andrew D Bragg
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Gabriel Katul
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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