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Noblet T, Busson B. Linear and nonlinear optics in composite systems: From diagrammatic modeling to applications. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:214710. [PMID: 38836456 DOI: 10.1063/5.0209194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
A bipartite system is defined as two microscopic entities being able to exchange energy. When excited by light, the complete optical response functions at first (polarizabilities) and second orders (first hyperpolarizabilities) of such a system are determined using the diagrammatic theory of optics. The generality of the method is ensured by the free choice of light-matter and matter-matter interaction Hamiltonians and by the arbitrary number of quanta involved in the energy exchange. In the dipolar approximation, the optical response functions of the system (i.e., of the interacting entities) are linked to the responses of the interaction-free entities by transfer matrices. These universal matrices identically modify the optical response functions at all orders in the electromagnetic field, allowing the implementation of matter-matter interactions in higher-order processes, such as stimulated or spontaneous Raman scattering and four-wave mixing. This formalism is then applied to various composite systems: dimers, multimers and lattices of nanoparticles and molecules, dense molecular layers, and substrate-induced image dipoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Noblet
- GRASP-Biophotonics, CESAM, University of Liege, Institute of Physics, Allée du 6 août 17, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Bertrand Busson
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000, 91405 Orsay, France
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2
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Pei Q, Zheng X, Tan J, Luo Y, Ye S. Probing the Local Near-Field Intensity of Plasmonic Nanoparticles in the Mid-infrared Spectral Region. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:5390-5396. [PMID: 38739421 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The enhanced local field of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in mid-infrared spectral regions is essential for improving the detection sensitivity of vibrational spectroscopy and mediating photochemical reactions. However, it is still challenging to measure its intensity at subnanometer scales. Here, using the NO2 symmetric stretching mode (νNO2) of self-assembled 4-nitrothiophenol (4-NTP) monolayers on AuNPs as a model, we demonstrated that the percentage of excited νNO2 mode, determined by femtosecond time-resolved sum-frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy, allows us to directly detect the local field intensity of the AuNP surface in subnanometer ranges. The local-field intensity is tuned by AuNP diameters. An approximate 17-fold enhancement was observed for the local field on 80 nm AuNPs compared to the Au film. Additionally, the local field can regulate the anharmonicity of the νNO2 mode by synergistic effect with molecular orientation. This work offers a promising approach to probe the local field intensity distribution around plasmonic NP surfaces at subnanometer scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanbing Pei
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zheng
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Junjun Tan
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
| | - Shuji Ye
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
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3
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Li CY, Tian ZQ. Sixty years of electrochemical optical spectroscopy: a retrospective. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3579-3605. [PMID: 38421335 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00734k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Sixty years ago, Reddy, Devanatan, and Bockris performed the first in situ electrochemical ellipsometry experiment, which ushered in a new era in the study of electrochemistry, using optical spectroscopy. After six decades of development, electrochemical optical spectroscopy, particularly electrochemical vibrational spectroscopy, has advanced from a phase of immaturity with few methods and limited applications to a phase of maturity with excellent substrate generality and significantly improved resolutions. Here, we divide the development of electrochemical optical spectroscopy into four phases, focusing on the proof-of-concept of different electrochemical optical spectroscopy studies, the emergence of plasmonic enhancement-based electrochemical optical spectroscopic (in particular vibrational spectroscopic) methods, the realization of electrochemical vibrational spectroscopy on well-defined surfaces, and the efforts to achieve operando spectroelectrochemical applications. Finally, we discuss the future development trend of electrochemical optical spectroscopy, as well as examples of new methodology and research paradigms for operando spectroelectrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Zhong-Qun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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Noblet T, Busson B. Diagrammatic theory of magnetic and quadrupolar contributions to sum-frequency generation in composite systems. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:024704. [PMID: 38193549 DOI: 10.1063/5.0187520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Second-order nonlinear processes like Sum-Frequency Generation (SFG) are essentially defined in the electric dipolar approximation. However, when dealing with the SFG responses of bulk, big nanoparticles, highly symmetric objects, or chiral species, magnetic and quadrupolar contributions play a significant role in the process too. We extend the diagrammatic theory for linear and nonlinear optics to include these terms for single objects as well as for multipartite systems in interaction. Magnetic and quadrupolar quantities are introduced in the formalism as incoming fields, interaction intermediates, and sources of optical nonlinearity. New response functions and complex nonlinear processes are defined, and their symmetry properties are analyzed. This leads to a focus on several kinds of applications involving nanoscale coupled objects, symmetric molecular systems, and chiral materials, both in line with the existing literature and opening new possibilities for original complex systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Noblet
- GRASP-Biophotonics, CESAM, University of Liege, Institute of Physics, Allée du 6 août 17, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Bertrand Busson
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000, 91405 Orsay, France
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5
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Guo W, Zhu Z, Liu X, Ning Q, Song Q, Wang Y, He Y, Wang Z. Time-dependent band position difference between vibrational sum and difference frequency generation: a phenomenon originating from dispersion in the visible pulse. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:8325-8334. [PMID: 36859947 DOI: 10.1364/oe.481760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Vibrational spectroscopy is significant for identifying chemical specification. Here, the spectral band frequencies corresponding to the same molecular vibration in sum frequency generation (SFG) and difference frequency generation (DFG) spectra present delay-dependent deviation. Through numerical analysis of time resolved SFG and DFG spectra with a frequency marker in the incident IR pulse, the frequency ambiguity was not caused by any structure and dynamic variation on the surface, but from the dispersion in the incident visible pulse. Our results provide a helpful method to correct the vibrational frequency deviation and improve the assignment accuracy for SFG and DFG spectroscopies.
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Li B, Ma Y, Han X, Hu P, Lu X. Enhanced Sum Frequency Generation for Monolayers on Au Relative to Silica: Local Field Factors and SPR Effect. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:659-667. [PMID: 36580605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Using metals as signal magnified substrates, surface plasmon-enhanced sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy is a promising technique to probe weak molecular-level signals at surfaces and interfaces. In this study, the vibrational signals of the n-alkane monolayer on the gold (Au) and silica substrates are investigated using the broadband femtosecond SFG. The enhancement factors are discovered to be up to ∼1076 and ∼31 for the methyl symmetric and asymmetric stretching (ss and as) modes of the monolayer, respectively. By systematically analyzing the second-order nonlinear susceptibility tensor components (χijks), the Fresnel coefficients (Fijks), and the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect, we find that the interplay between Fijk and χijk terms and the SPR effect dominate the SFG signal enhancement. Our study reveals that the relative contributions of different influencing factors (i.e., Fresnel coefficients and SPR) to the SFG signal enhancement provide an approach to interpreting enhanced SFG vibrational signals detected from probe molecules on distinct substrates and may finally guide the design of the experimental methodology to improve the detection sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Li
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory (HMFL), Hefei Institutes of Physical Science (HFIPS), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui230031, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Yonghao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Xiaofeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Pengcheng Hu
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu221004, China
| | - Xiaolin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
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Han Y, Yin S, Chen Y, Chen C, Yan W, Cheng X, Li Y, Zhang T, Yang J, Jiang Y, Sun S. Experimental and DFT studies of oxygen reduction reaction promoted by binary site Fe/Co–N–C catalyst in acid. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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Tan J, Pei Q, Zhang L, Ye S. Evidence for a Local Field Effect in Surface Plasmon-Enhanced Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectra. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:6099-6105. [PMID: 35499917 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Surface plasmon-enhanced vibrational spectroscopy has been demonstrated to be an important highly sensitive diagnostic technique, but its enhanced mechanism is yet to be explored. In this study, we couple femtosecond sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG-VS) with surface plasmon generated by the excitation of localized gold nanorods/nanoparticles and investigate the plasmonically enhanced factors (EFs) of SFG signals from poly(methyl methacrylate) films. Through monitoring the SFG intensity of carbonyl and ester methyl groups, we have established a correlation between EFs and the coupling of localized surface plasmon resonance with SFG and visible beams. It is found that the total enhanced factor is approximately proportional to the square of an enhanced factor of the SFG electromagnetic field and the fourth power of the enhanced factor of the visible electromagnetic field. The local field effect is roughly expressed to be the square of an enhanced factor of the visible electromagnetic field. This finding will help to guide the experimental design of plasmon-enhanced SFG to drastically improve the detection sensitivity and thus provide greater insight into the ultrafast dynamics near plasmonic surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Tan
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Quanbing Pei
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shuji Ye
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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9
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Blackburn TJ, Tyler SM, Pemberton JE. Optical Spectroscopy of Surfaces, Interfaces, and Thin Films. Anal Chem 2022; 94:515-558. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Blackburn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Sarah M. Tyler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Jeanne E. Pemberton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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10
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Zhou J, Wei D, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Li J. Plasmonic
Core‐Shell
Nanostructures Enhanced Spectroscopies. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, College of Energy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Di‐Ye Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, College of Energy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Yu‐Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, College of Energy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, College of Energy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Jian‐Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, College of Energy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
- College of Optical and Electronic Technology China Jiliang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018 China
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11
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Zhang YJ, Radjenovic PM, Zhou XS, Zhang H, Yao JL, Li JF. Plasmonic Core-Shell Nanomaterials and their Applications in Spectroscopies. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005900. [PMID: 33811422 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic core-shell nanostructures have attracted considerable attention in the scientific community recently due to their highly tunable optical properties. Plasmon-enhanced spectroscopies are one of the main applications of plasmonic nanomaterials. When excited by an incident laser of suitable wavelength, strong and highly localized electromagnetic (EM) fields are generated around plasmonic nanomaterials, which can significantly boost excitation and/or radiation processes that amplify Raman, fluorescence, or nonlinear signals and improve spectroscopic sensitivity. Herein, recent developments in plasmon-enhanced spectroscopies utilizing core-shell nanostructures are reviewed, including shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS), plasmon-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy, and plasmon-enhanced nonlinear spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Jiao Zhang
- College of Energy, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Petar M Radjenovic
- College of Energy, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xiao-Shun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- College of Energy, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jian-Lin Yao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jian-Feng Li
- College of Energy, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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12
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Ge A, Inoue KI, Ye S. Probing the electrode-solution interfaces in rechargeable batteries by sum-frequency generation spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:170902. [PMID: 33167651 DOI: 10.1063/5.0026283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
An in-depth understanding of the electrode-electrolyte interaction and electrochemical reactions at the electrode-solution interfaces in rechargeable batteries is essential to develop novel electrolytes and electrode materials with high performance. In this perspective, we highlight the advantages of the interface-specific sum-frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy on the studies of the electrode-solution interface for the Li-ion and Li-O2 batteries. The SFG studies in probing solvent adsorption structures and solid-electrolyte interphase formation for the Li-ion battery are briefly reviewed. Recent progress on the SFG study of the oxygen reaction mechanisms and stability of the electrolyte in the Li-O2 battery is also discussed. Finally, we present the current perspective and future directions in the SFG studies on the electrode-electrolyte interfaces toward providing deeper insight into the mechanisms of discharging/charging and parasitic reactions in novel rechargeable battery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Ge
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Inoue
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Shen Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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13
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Li B, Andre JS, Chen X, Walther B, Paradkar R, Feng C, Tucker C, Mohler C, Chen Z. Observing a Chemical Reaction at a Buried Solid/Solid Interface in Situ. Anal Chem 2020; 92:14145-14152. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - John S. Andre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- Core R&D,The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Brian Walther
- Packaging and Specialty Plastics,The Dow Chemical Company, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Rajesh Paradkar
- Packaging and Specialty Plastics,The Dow Chemical Company, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Chuang Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Christopher Tucker
- Core R&D,The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Carol Mohler
- Core R&D,The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Zhan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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