1
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Ji L, He Y, Cai Q, Fang Z, Wang Y, Qiu L, Zhou L, Wu S, Grava S, Chang DE. Superradiant Detection of Microscopic Optical Dipolar Interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:253602. [PMID: 38181370 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.253602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
The interaction between light and cold atoms is a complex phenomenon potentially featuring many-body resonant dipole interactions. A major obstacle toward exploring these quantum resources of the system is macroscopic light propagation effects, which not only limit the available time for the microscopic correlations to locally build up, but also create a directional, superradiant emission background whose variations can overwhelm the microscopic effects. In this Letter, we demonstrate a method to perform "background-free" detection of the microscopic optical dynamics in a laser-cooled atomic ensemble. This is made possible by transiently suppressing the macroscopic optical propagation over a substantial time, before a recall of superradiance that imprints the effect of the accumulated microscopic dynamics onto an efficiently detectable outgoing field. We apply this technique to unveil and precisely characterize a density-dependent, microscopic dipolar dephasing effect that generally limits the lifetime of optical spin-wave order in ensemble-based atom-light interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjing Ji
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yizun He
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qingnan Cai
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhening Fang
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Liyang Qiu
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Saijun Wu
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Stefano Grava
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain and ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08015 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Darrick E Chang
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain and ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08015 Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Humphries BS, Green D, Borgh MO, Jones GA. Phonon Signatures in Photon Correlations. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:143601. [PMID: 37862651 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.143601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
We show that the second-order, two-time correlation functions for phonons and photons emitted from a vibronic molecule in a thermal bath result in bunching and antibunching (a purely quantum effect), respectively. Signatures relating to phonon exchange with the environment are revealed in photon-photon correlations. We demonstrate that cross-correlation functions have a strong dependence on the order of detection giving insight into how phonon dynamics influences the emission of light. This work offers new opportunities to investigate quantum effects in condensed-phase molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben S Humphries
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Dale Green
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Magnus O Borgh
- Physics, Faculty of Science, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Garth A Jones
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
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3
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Santos AC, Bachelard R. Generation of Maximally Entangled Long-Lived States with Giant Atoms in a Waveguide. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:053601. [PMID: 36800463 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.053601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, we show how to efficiently generate entanglement between two artificial giant atoms with photon-mediated interactions in a waveguide. Taking advantage of the adjustable decay processes of giant atoms into the waveguide and of the interference processes, spontaneous sudden birth of entanglement can be strongly enhanced with giant atoms. Highly entangled states can also be generated in the steady-state regime when the system is driven by a resonant classical field. We show that the statistics of the light emitted by the system can be used as a witness of the presence of entanglement in the system, since giant photon bunching is observed close to the regime of maximal entanglement. Given the degree of quantum correlations incoherently generated in this system, our results open a broad avenue for the generation of quantum correlations and manipulation of photon statistics in systems of giant atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan C Santos
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235-SP-310, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R Bachelard
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235-SP-310, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Physique de Nice, 06560 Valbonne, France
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4
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Rastogi A, Saglamyurek E, Hrushevskyi T, LeBlanc LJ. Superradiance-Mediated Photon Storage for Broadband Quantum Memory. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:120502. [PMID: 36179159 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.120502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Superradiance, characterized by the collective, coherent emission of light from an excited ensemble of emitters, generates photonic signals on timescales faster than the natural lifetime of an individual atom. The rapid exchange of coherence between atomic emitters and photonic fields in the superradiant regime enables a fast, broadband quantum memory. We demonstrate this superradiance memory mechanism in an ensemble of cold rubidium atoms and verify that this protocol is suitable for pulses on timescales shorter than the atoms' natural lifetime. Our simulations show that the superradiance memory protocol yields the highest bandwidth storage among protocols in the same system. These high-bandwidth quantum memories provide unique opportunities for fast processing of optical and microwave photonic signals, with applications in large-scale quantum communication and quantum computing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindya Rastogi
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Erhan Saglamyurek
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Taras Hrushevskyi
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Lindsay J LeBlanc
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
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5
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Christaller F, Mäusezahl M, Moumtsilis F, Belz A, Kübler H, Alaeian H, Adams CS, Löw R, Pfau T. Transient Density-Induced Dipolar Interactions in a Thin Vapor Cell. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:173401. [PMID: 35570442 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.173401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We exploit the effect of light-induced atomic desorption to produce high atomic densities (n≫k^{3}) in a rubidium vapor cell. An intense off-resonant laser is pulsed for roughly one nanosecond on a micrometer-sized sapphire-coated cell, which results in the desorption of atomic clouds from both internal surfaces. We probe the transient atomic density evolution by time-resolved absorption spectroscopy. With a temporal resolution of ≈ 1 ns, we measure the broadening and line shift of the atomic resonances. Both broadening and line shift are attributed to dipole-dipole interactions. This fast switching of the atomic density and dipolar interactions could be the basis for future quantum devices based on the excitation blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Christaller
- 5. Physikalisches Institut and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Max Mäusezahl
- 5. Physikalisches Institut and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Felix Moumtsilis
- 5. Physikalisches Institut and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Annika Belz
- 5. Physikalisches Institut and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Physics, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Harald Kübler
- 5. Physikalisches Institut and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hadiseh Alaeian
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Charles S Adams
- Department of Physics, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Löw
- 5. Physikalisches Institut and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tilman Pfau
- 5. Physikalisches Institut and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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6
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Moreno-Cardoner M, Holzinger R, Ritsch H. Efficient nano-photonic antennas based on dark states in quantum emitter rings. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:10779-10791. [PMID: 35473037 DOI: 10.1364/oe.437396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscopic arrays of quantum emitters can feature highly sub-radiant collective excitations with a lifetime exponentially growing with emitter number. Adding an absorptive impurity as an energy dump in the center of a ring shaped polygon allows to exploit this feature to create highly efficient single photon antennas. Here among regular polygons with an identical center absorbing emitter, a nonagon exhibits a distinct optimum of the absorption efficiency. This special enhancement originates from the unique emergence of a subradiant eigenstate with dominant center occupation. Only for nine emitters the sum of coupling strengths of each emitter to all others matches the center to the ring coupling. Analogous to a parabolic mirror the antenna ring then concentrates incoming radiation at its center without being significantly excited itself. Similar large efficiency enhancements, which even prevail for broadband excitation, can also be engineered for other antenna sizes by tailoring the frequency and magnitude of the central absorber. Interestingly, for very small structures a quantum treatment predicts an even stronger enhancement for the single photon absorption enhancement than a classical dipole model. As natural light harvesting structures are often based on ring shaped structures, the underlying principle might be exploited there as well.
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7
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Zhang YX, Mølmer K. Free-Fermion Multiply Excited Eigenstates and Their Experimental Signatures in 1D Arrays of Two-Level Atoms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:093602. [PMID: 35302803 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.093602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) subwavelength atom arrays display multiply excited subradiant eigenstates which are reminiscent of free fermions. So far, these states have been associated with subradiant states with decay rates ∝N^{-3}, with N the number of atoms, which fundamentally prevents detection of their fermionic features by optical means. In this Letter, we show that free-fermion states generally appear whenever the band of singly excited states has a quadratic dispersion relation at the band edge and, hence, may also be obtained with radiant and even superradiant states. 1D arrays have free-fermion multiply excited eigenstates that are typically either subradiant or (super)radiant, and we show that a simple transformation acts between the two families. Based on this correspondence, we propose different means for their preparation and analyze their experimental signature in optical detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xiang Zhang
- The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Klaus Mølmer
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University and Center for Complex Quantum Systems (CCQ), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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8
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Xia X, Zhang X, Xu J, Li H, Fu Z, Yang Y. Improvement of nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockade by two asymmetrical arranged atoms embedded in a cavity. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:7907-7917. [PMID: 35299543 DOI: 10.1364/oe.450585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We improve the nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockade (UCPB) in an asymmetrical single-mode cavity with two asymmetrical arranged two-level atoms (TLAs) where cavity and atom spatial symmetry breakings are involved in. In order to get direction-dependent UCPB in asymmetrical system, we deduce two restrictions of frequency and intensity through the steady solution of the cavity QED system analytically. The former restriction is exactly the same as that of a single-atom case, and the latter restriction combined with both spatial asymmetries. Controllable UCPB in this model shows an improving nonreciprocal UCPB with wider operating regime which is promoted by two asymmetrical arranged atoms. The most innovation of this work is that the contributions of two spatial symmetry breakings are figured out clearly and they play different roles in nonreciprocal UCPB. The cavity spatial symmetry breaking and weak nonlinearity are essential to quantum nonreciprocity, while the atoms spatial symmetry is not and it only can promote such nonreciprocal UCPB. Our findings show a prospective access to manipulate quantum nonreciprocity by a couple of atoms.
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9
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Moreno-Cardoner M, Goncalves D, Chang DE. Quantum Nonlinear Optics Based on Two-Dimensional Rydberg Atom Arrays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:263602. [PMID: 35029476 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.263602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We propose the combination of subwavelength, two-dimensional atomic arrays and Rydberg interactions as a powerful platform to realize strong, coherent interactions between individual photons with high fidelity. The atomic spatial ordering guarantees efficient atom-light interactions without the possibility of scattering light into unwanted directions, allowing the array to act as a perfect mirror for individual photons. In turn, Rydberg interactions enable single photons to alter the optical response of the array within a potentially large blockade radius R_{b}, which can effectively punch a large "hole" for subsequent photons. We show that such a system enables a coherent photon-photon gate or switch, with a significantly better error scaling (∼R_{b}^{-4}) than in a disordered ensemble. We also investigate the optical properties of the system in the limit of strong input intensities and show that this many-body quantum driven dissipative system can be modeled well by a semiclassical model based on holes punched in a classical mirror.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Moreno-Cardoner
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 21a, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica and Institut de Ciències del Cosmos, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Goncalves
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - D E Chang
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08015 Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Yoo SM. Optical cooperative effects of multiemitters in a one-dimensional (1D) dense array. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:35314-35326. [PMID: 34808968 DOI: 10.1364/oe.440558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically explore cooperative effects of equally spaced multiemitters in a 1D dense array driven by a low-intensity probe field propagating through a 1D waveguide by modeling the emitters as point-like coupled electric dipoles. We calculate the collective optical spectra of a number of 1D emitter arrays with any radiation-retention coefficient η using both exact classical-electrodynamics and mean-field-theory formalisms. We illustrate cooperative effects of lossless 1D emitter arrays with η = 1 at the emitter spacings, which are displayed by steep edges accompanied by a deep minimum and Fano resonances in the plots of transmissivities as a function of the detuning of the incident light from the emitter resonance. Numerical simulation of the full width of such optical bandgaps reveals that cooperativity between emitters is greater in a small array of size N ≤ 8 than in a larger one of size N > 8. For a lossy 1D emitter array in which the radiation retention coefficient is equal to or less than 0.1 the transmissivity obtained by exact-electrodynamics scheme exhibits no bandgap structures, being in good agreement with the mean-field-theory result. We propose that a 1D multiemitter array may work as a nanoscale filter blocking transmission of light with a frequency in the range of optical bandgaps.
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11
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Cipris A, Moreira NA, do Espirito Santo TS, Weiss P, Villas-Boas CJ, Kaiser R, Guerin W, Bachelard R. Subradiance with Saturated Atoms: Population Enhancement of the Long-Lived States. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:103604. [PMID: 33784122 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.103604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Dipole-dipole interactions are at the origin of long-lived collective atomic states, often called subradiant, which are explored for their potential use in novel photonic devices or in quantum protocols. Here, we study subradiance beyond the single-excitation regime and experimentally demonstrate a 200-fold increase in the population of these modes, as the saturation parameter of the driving field is increased. We attribute this enhancement to a mechanism similar to optical pumping through the well-coupled superradiant states. The lifetimes are unaffected by the pump strength, as the system is ultimately driven toward the single-excitation sector. Our study is a new step in the exploration of the many-body dynamics of large open systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cipris
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Physique de Nice, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - N A Moreira
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - T S do Espirito Santo
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - P Weiss
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Physique de Nice, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - C J Villas-Boas
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235-SP-310, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - R Kaiser
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Physique de Nice, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - W Guerin
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Physique de Nice, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - R Bachelard
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235-SP-310, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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12
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Iversen OA, Pohl T. Strongly Correlated States of Light and Repulsive Photons in Chiral Chains of Three-Level Quantum Emitters. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:083605. [PMID: 33709742 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.083605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We study the correlated transport of photons through a chain of three-level emitters that are coupled chirally to a photonic mode of a waveguide. It is found that this system can transfer a weak classical input into a strongly correlated state of light in a unitary manner. Our analysis reveals two-photon scattering eigenstates, that are akin to Fano resonances or shape resonances in particle collisions and facilitate the emergence of antibunched light with long-range correlations upon crossing a critical length of the chain. By operating close to conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency of the three-level medium, a high degree of antibunching and photon transmission can be maintained in the presence of moderate losses. These features suggest a promising mechanism for single-photon generation and may open the door to exploring correlated quantum many-body states of light with repulsively interacting photons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole A Iversen
- Center for Complex Quantum Systems, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Thomas Pohl
- Center for Complex Quantum Systems, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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13
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Masson SJ, Ferrier-Barbut I, Orozco LA, Browaeys A, Asenjo-Garcia A. Many-Body Signatures of Collective Decay in Atomic Chains. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:263601. [PMID: 33449783 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.263601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fully inverted atoms placed at exactly the same location synchronize as they deexcite, and light is emitted in a burst (known as "Dicke's superradiance"). We investigate the role of finite interatomic separation on correlated decay in mesoscopic chains and provide an understanding in terms of collective jump operators. We show that the superradiant burst survives at small distances, despite Hamiltonian dipole-dipole interactions. However, for larger separations, competition between different jump operators leads to dephasing, suppressing superradiance. Collective effects are still significant for arrays with lattice constants of the order of a wavelength, and lead to a photon emission rate that decays nonexponentially in time. We calculate the two-photon correlation function and demonstrate that emission is correlated and directional, as well as sensitive to small changes in the interatomic distance. These features can be measured in current experimental setups, and are robust to realistic imperfections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J Masson
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Igor Ferrier-Barbut
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, 91127 Paris, France
| | - Luis A Orozco
- Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics and NIST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Antoine Browaeys
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, 91127 Paris, France
| | - Ana Asenjo-Garcia
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
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14
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Cidrim A, do Espirito Santo TS, Schachenmayer J, Kaiser R, Bachelard R. Photon Blockade with Ground-State Neutral Atoms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:073601. [PMID: 32857558 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.073601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We show that induced dipole-dipole interactions allow for photon blockade in subwavelength ensembles of two-level, ground-state neutral atoms. Our protocol relies on the energy shift of the single-excitation, superradiant state of N atoms, which can be engineered to yield an effective two-level system. A coherent pump induces Rabi oscillation between the ground state and a collective bright state, with at most a single excitation shared among all atoms. The possibility of using clock transitions that are long-lived and relatively robust against stray fields, alongside new prospects on experiments with subwavelength lattices, makes our proposal a promising alternative for quantum information protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cidrim
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235-SP-310, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - T S do Espirito Santo
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo-13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - J Schachenmayer
- IPCMS (UMR 7504) and ISIS (UMR 7006), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - R Kaiser
- Université de Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Physique de Nice, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - R Bachelard
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235-SP-310, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Université de Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Physique de Nice, 06560 Valbonne, France
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