1
|
Ma S, Jia H, Bi Y, Ning S, Guan F, Liu H, Wang C, Zhang S. Gauge Field Induced Chiral Zero Mode in Five-Dimensional Yang Monopole Metamaterials. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:243801. [PMID: 37390435 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.243801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the chirality of Weyl nodes characterized by the first Chern number, a Weyl system supports one-way chiral zero modes under a magnetic field, which underlies the celebrated chiral anomaly. As a generalization of Weyl nodes from three-dimensional to five-dimensional physical systems, Yang monopoles are topological singularities carrying nonzero second-order Chern numbers c_{2}=±1. Here, we couple a Yang monopole with an external gauge field using an inhomogeneous Yang monopole metamaterial and experimentally demonstrate the existence of a gapless chiral zero mode, where the judiciously designed metallic helical structures and the corresponding effective antisymmetric bianisotropic terms provide the means for controlling gauge fields in a synthetic five-dimensional space. This zeroth mode is found to originate from the coupling between the second Chern singularity and a generalized 4-form gauge field-the wedge product of the magnetic field with itself. This generalization reveals intrinsic connections between physical systems of different dimensions, while a higher-dimensional system exhibits much richer supersymmetric structures in Landau level degeneracy due to the internal degrees of freedom. Our study offers the possibility of controlling electromagnetic waves by leveraging the concept of higher-order and higher-dimensional topological phenomena.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Ma
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Ultra Precision Optical Manufacturing, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hongwei Jia
- Department of Physics and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yangang Bi
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Shangqiang Ning
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Fuxin Guan
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hongchao Liu
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Chenjie Wang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Encyclopedia of emergent particles in three-dimensional crystals. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 67:375-380. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
3
|
Chen H, Wu W, Zhu J, Yang SA, Zhang L. Propagating Chiral Phonons in Three-Dimensional Materials. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:3060-3065. [PMID: 33764075 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chiral phonons were initially proposed and experimentally verified in two-dimensional (2D) systems. Their intriguing effects have generated profound impacts on multiple research fields. However, all chiral phonons reported to date are constrained to be local, in the sense that their group velocities vanish identically. Here, we propose the concept of propagating 3D chiral phonons, which can transport the information on chirality and angular momentum. Guided by the necessary conditions and using first-principles calculations, we demonstrate their existence in WN2. The chirality, group velocity, and pseudoangular momentum are analyzed. Based on their selective coupling with valley electrons and photons, we propose an experimental setup to detect the unique feature of propagating chiral phonons. Our work endows chiral phonons with a crucial character-the ability to propagate and transport quantized information, which creates a new research direction and opens up the possibility to design novel phononic quantum devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- NNU-SULI Thermal Energy Research Center and Center for Quantum Transport and Thermal Energy Science (CQTES), School of Physics and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weikang Wu
- Research Laboratory for Quantum Materials, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Jiaojiao Zhu
- Research Laboratory for Quantum Materials, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Shengyuan A Yang
- Research Laboratory for Quantum Materials, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Lifa Zhang
- NNU-SULI Thermal Energy Research Center and Center for Quantum Transport and Thermal Energy Science (CQTES), School of Physics and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|