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Ma L, Wu J, Zhu T, Huang Y, Lu Q, Liu S. Ultrahigh Oxygen Ion Mobility in Ferroelectric Hafnia. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:256801. [PMID: 38181338 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.256801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Ferroelectrics and ionic conductors are important functional materials, each supporting a plethora of applications in information and energy technology. The underlying physics governing their functional properties is ionic motion, and yet studies of ferroelectrics and ionic conductors are often considered separate fields. Based on first-principles calculations and deep-learning-assisted large-scale molecular dynamics simulations, we report ferroelectric-switching-promoted oxygen ion transport in HfO_{2}, a wide-band-gap insulator with both ferroelectricity and ionic conductivity. Applying a unidirectional bias can activate multiple switching pathways in ferroelectric HfO_{2}, leading to polar-antipolar phase cycling that appears to contradict classical electrodynamics. This apparent conflict is resolved by the geometric-quantum-phase nature of electric polarization that carries no definite direction. Our molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate bias-driven successive ferroelectric transitions facilitate ultrahigh oxygen ion mobility at moderate temperatures, highlighting the potential of combining ferroelectricity and ionic conductivity for the development of advanced materials and technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Ma
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Tianyuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Yiwei Huang
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, China
| | - Qiyang Lu
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, China
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, China
| | - Shi Liu
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
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2
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Zhao W, Xu D, Li D, Avdeev M, Jing H, Xu M, Guo Y, Shi D, Zhou T, Liu W, Wang D, Zhou D. Broad-high operating temperature range and enhanced energy storage performances in lead-free ferroelectrics. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5725. [PMID: 37714850 PMCID: PMC10504284 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41494-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The immense potential of lead-free dielectric capacitors in advanced electronic components and cutting-edge pulsed power systems has driven enormous investigations and evolutions heretofore. One of the significant challenges in lead-free dielectric ceramics for energy-storage applications is to optimize their comprehensive characteristics synergistically. Herein, guided by phase-field simulations along with rational composition-structure design, we conceive and fabricate lead-free Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-Bi0.5K0.5TiO3-Sr(Sc0.5Nb0.5)O3 ternary solid-solution ceramics to establish an equitable system considering energy-storage performance, working temperature performance, and structural evolution. A giant Wrec of 9.22 J cm-3 and an ultra-high ƞ ~ 96.3% are realized in the BNKT-20SSN ceramic by the adopted repeated rolling processing method. The state-of-the-art temperature (Wrec ≈ 8.46 ± 0.35 J cm-3, ƞ ≈ 96.4 ± 1.4%, 25-160 °C) and frequency stability performances at 500 kV cm-1 are simultaneously achieved. This work demonstrates remarkable advances in the overall energy storage performance of lead-free bulk ceramics and inspires further attempts to achieve high-temperature energy storage properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichen Zhao
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory & Multifunctional Materials and Structures, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Diming Xu
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory & Multifunctional Materials and Structures, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Da Li
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory & Multifunctional Materials and Structures, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Max Avdeev
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Lucas Heights, 2234, NSW, Australia
| | - Hongmei Jing
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, 710062, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengkang Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, School of Aerospace, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory & Multifunctional Materials and Structures, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dier Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 310018, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Di Zhou
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory & Multifunctional Materials and Structures, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Qin S, Guo Y, Kaliyev AT, Agar JC. Why it is Unfortunate that Linear Machine Learning "Works" so well in Electromechanical Switching of Ferroelectric Thin Films. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202814. [PMID: 35906007 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Machine learning (ML) is relied on for materials spectroscopy. It is challenging to make ML models fail because statistical correlations can mimic the physics without causality. Here, using a benchmark band-excitation piezoresponse force microscopy polarization spectroscopy (BEPS) dataset the pitfalls of the so-called "better", "faster", and "less-biased" ML of electromechanical switching are demonstrated and overcome. Using a toy and real experimental dataset, it is demonstrated how linear nontemporal ML methods result in physically reasonable embedding (eigenvalues) while producing nonsensical eigenvectors and generated spectra, promoting misleading interpretations. A new method of unsupervised multimodal hyperspectral analysis of BEPS is demonstrated using long-short-term memory (LSTM) β-variational autoencoders (β-VAEs) . By including LSTM neurons, the ordinal nature of ferroelectric switching is considered. To improve the interpretability of the latent space, a variational Kullback-Leibler-divergency regularization is imposed . Finally, regularization scheduling of β as a disentanglement metric is leveraged to reduce user bias. Combining these experiment-inspired modifications enables the automated detection of ferroelectric switching mechanisms, including a complex two-step, three-state one. Ultimately, this work provides a robust ML method for the rapid discovery of electromechanical switching mechanisms in ferroelectrics and is applicable to other multimodal hyperspectral materials spectroscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Qin
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Yichen Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Alibek T Kaliyev
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
- College of Business, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Joshua C Agar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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Caballero N, Giamarchi T, Lecomte V, Agoritsas E. Microscopic interplay of temperature and disorder of a one-dimensional elastic interface. Phys Rev E 2022; 105:044138. [PMID: 35590613 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.105.044138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Elastic interfaces display scale-invariant geometrical fluctuations at sufficiently large lengthscales. Their asymptotic static roughness then follows a power-law behavior, whose associated exponent provides a robust signature of the universality class to which they belong. The associated prefactor has instead a nonuniversal amplitude fixed by the microscopic interplay between thermal fluctuations and disorder, usually hidden below experimental resolution. Here we compute numerically the roughness of a one-dimensional elastic interface subject to both thermal fluctuations and a quenched disorder with a finite correlation length. We evidence the existence of a power-law regime at short lengthscales. We determine the corresponding exponent ζ_{dis} and find compelling numerical evidence that, contrarily to available analytic predictions, one has ζ_{dis}<1. We discuss the consequences on the temperature dependence of the roughness and the connection with the asymptotic random-manifold regime at large lengthscales. We also discuss the implications of our findings for other systems such as the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation and the Burgers turbulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirvana Caballero
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Giamarchi
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vivien Lecomte
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LIPhy, FR-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Elisabeth Agoritsas
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Gaponenko I, Cherifi-Hertel S, Acevedo-Salas U, Bassiri-Gharb N, Paruch P. Correlative imaging of ferroelectric domain walls. Sci Rep 2022; 12:165. [PMID: 34997108 PMCID: PMC8741908 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04166-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The wealth of properties in functional materials at the nanoscale has attracted tremendous interest over the last decades, spurring the development of ever more precise and ingenious characterization techniques. In ferroelectrics, for instance, scanning probe microscopy based techniques have been used in conjunction with advanced optical methods to probe the structure and properties of nanoscale domain walls, revealing complex behaviours such as chirality, electronic conduction or localised modulation of mechanical response. However, due to the different nature of the characterization methods, only limited and indirect correlation has been achieved between them, even when the same spatial areas were probed. Here, we propose a fast and unbiased analysis method for heterogeneous spatial data sets, enabling quantitative correlative multi-technique studies of functional materials. The method, based on a combination of data stacking, distortion correction, and machine learning, enables a precise mesoscale analysis. When applied to a data set containing scanning probe microscopy piezoresponse and second harmonic generation polarimetry measurements, our workflow reveals behaviours that could not be seen by usual manual analysis, and the origin of which is only explainable by using the quantitative correlation between the two data sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iaroslav Gaponenko
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland. .,G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
| | - Salia Cherifi-Hertel
- CNRS, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Ulises Acevedo-Salas
- CNRS, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nazanin Bassiri-Gharb
- G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Patrycja Paruch
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
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Grünebohm A, Marathe M, Khachaturyan R, Schiedung R, Lupascu DC, Shvartsman VV. Interplay of domain structure and phase transitions: theory, experiment and functionality. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 34:073002. [PMID: 34731841 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac3607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Domain walls and phase boundaries are fundamental ingredients of ferroelectrics and strongly influence their functional properties. Although both interfaces have been studied for decades, often only a phenomenological macroscopic understanding has been established. The recent developments in experiments and theory allow to address the relevant time and length scales and revisit nucleation, phase propagation and the coupling of domains and phase transitions. This review attempts to specify regularities of domain formation and evolution at ferroelectric transitions and give an overview on unusual polar topological structures that appear as transient states and at the nanoscale. We survey the benefits, validity, and limitations of experimental tools as well as simulation methods to study phase and domain interfaces. We focus on the recent success of these tools in joint scale-bridging studies to solve long lasting puzzles in the field and give an outlook on recent trends in superlattices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Grünebohm
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulations (ICAMS), Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Madhura Marathe
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulations (ICAMS), Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ruben Khachaturyan
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulations (ICAMS), Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Raphael Schiedung
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulations (ICAMS), Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- National Institute for Material Science (NIMS), Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan
| | - Doru C Lupascu
- Institute for Materials Science and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Vladimir V Shvartsman
- Institute for Materials Science and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
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